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Fire Protection System (FIRE 130) > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

Combustion

A

A chemical reaction in which a combustible material and an oxidizing agent produce heat or energy and other products that promote a self-sustaining process.

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2
Q

Fire

A

Is a chemical reaction that produces energy in the form of heat, light, and flame that is rapid and self-sustaining.

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3
Q

Spontaneous combustion

A

A fire that starts without a known external heat source applied to the material.

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4
Q

Fire triangle

A
  • Oxygen
  • Heat
  • Fuel
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5
Q

Smoldering

A

No flame in smothering but there is still heat.

Ex. of smoldering: charcoal, burning ashtray

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6
Q

Stages of fire

A
  • Incipient stage
  • Free burning stage
  • Flashover stage
  • Smoldering/Decay stage
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7
Q

Incipient stage

A
  • The start of the fire.
  • The stage of a fire at which the heat source, fuel, and oxygen come together to generate more heat than is dissipated to promote an uninhibited chain reaction.
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8
Q

Free burning stage

A

The stage of a fire at which the energy level begins to grow by consuming the air and materials necessary to generate a flammable gas and sustain combustion.

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9
Q

Flashover stage

A

The stage of a fire at which the combustible contents of a compartment are totally in flame.

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10
Q

Smoldering/Decay stage

A

The point at which the available fuel of a fire is exhausted or the oxygen level has dropped below 16 percent.

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11
Q

BTU

A

British thermal Unit, the quantity of heat energy necessary to raise the temperature of one pound of water one degree Fahrenheit.

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12
Q

Conduction

A

The transfer of heat from one body of material to another by direct contact.

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13
Q

Convection

A

The transfer of heat from one body of material to another through a medium such as a liquid or gas.

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14
Q

Oxidation

A

The process of combining a substance or material with oxygen.

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15
Q

Radiation

A

The transfer of heat through electro magnetic energy, such as light.

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16
Q

Ignition

A

The energy formed when a heat source, fuel, and oxygen come together to generate more heat than dissipated, promoting an uninhibited chain reaction.

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17
Q

Adopt

A

The process of officially accepting and putting something into action.

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18
Q

Automatic fire sprinkler system

A

A network of underground and overhead piping designed to supply water from one or more sprinkler heads.

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19
Q

Code

A

A system of rules, regulations, or laws usually developed by government that has statutory authority to be enforced.

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20
Q

ICC

A

International Code Council - a nonprofit member-supported organization that develops and maintains CONSTRUCTION codes which are made available to government agencies adoption.

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21
Q

Model code

A

A system of rules, guidelines, methods, and regulations typically developed through the consensus process by private, not-for-profit organizations.

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22
Q

NFPA

A

National Fire Protection Association- a nonprofit member-supported organization that develops and maintains over 300 codes and standards for use by any organization.

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23
Q

Air sampling smoke detector

A

A type of smoke detector designed to draw air from the protected area into a detection chamber for analysis.

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24
Q

Annunciation panel

A

A device that uses indicating lamps, alphanumeric displays, or other means to provide first responders with status, condition, and location information concerning fire alarm system components and devices.

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25
Q

Candela (cd)

A

A measurement of luminance or light intensity in a given direction.

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26
Q

Fixed temperature heat detector

A

A type of fire detector that activates when the sensing element reaches a predetermined temperature.

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27
Q

Ionization smoke detector

A

A type of smoke detector that uses a small amount of radioactive material.

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28
Q

Line detector

A

A type of detection device that uses a tube or wires running in different directions as the sensing element to provide a coverage over a wide area.

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29
Q

Radiant energy detector

A

A detector that looks for specific portions of the visible and invisible light spectrum produced by flames, sparks, or embers.

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30
Q

Rate compensation heat detector

A

Type of detector that responds to predetermined air temperatures.

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31
Q

Rate-of-rise heat detector

A

A type of heat detector that senses how much temperature change takes place over a fixed amount of time.

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32
Q

Spot detector

A

A type of detection device that provides coverage in a specific area where the sensing element is in a fixed location.

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33
Q

Auxiliary fire alarm system

A

A fire alarm system that directly connects to the municipal communications via the same transmitting equipment as the municipal fire alarm boxes.

34
Q

Central station service fire alarm system

A

A fire alarm system that automatically transmits all system functions and fire alarm signals to a central station facility that is staffed with trained, qualified, and proficient personnel.

35
Q

Combination system

A

A form of fire alarm system that supervises not only fire detection and suppression system inputs but also other non-fire inputs, including burglary, carbon monoxide, and medical alert inputs.

36
Q

High-rise building

A

A building that has an occupied floor that is greater than 75 feet above the lowest level of fire department vehicle access.

37
Q

Multiple-station alarm systems

A

Two or more interconnected smoke detectors that, upon activation of any interconnected detectors.

38
Q

Proprietary supervising fire alarm system

A

A group of fire alarm systems at one location or multiple locations that are under the constant supervision and monitoring of the property owner’s trained personnel.

39
Q

Protected premises fire alarm system

A

A type of alarm system that requires a person on-site to contact the fire department.

40
Q

Remote supervising station fire alarm system

A

Alarm system in which alarm, trouble, and supervisory signals transmit to a location that is remote from the protected premises and staffed with individuals trained to take the appropriate action.

41
Q

Single-station alarm system

A

A stand-alone smoke detector that is self-contained and operates independently of other detectors.

42
Q

Centrifugal pump

A

A type of pump that uses high-speed rotational forces to impart pressure on the fluid as the pump turns.

43
Q

Combined water supply system

A

A supply system utilizing both gravity and pumping methods to support the system.

44
Q

Water flow switch

A

A type of initiating device installed on a wet pipe sprinkler system; a paddle inserted into the pipe moves to initiate an alarm signal when there is sustained water flow through the system piping.

45
Q

SHUNT auxiliary fire alarm system

A

A fire alarm system that uses the power from the municipal fire alarm circuits to supply current to the system.

46
Q

Backsiphonage

A

A condition caused by a partial vacuum in the potable water system where the nonpotable water flows in reverse.

47
Q

Double check valve assembly

A

A mechanical device designed to prevent backflow of liquids.

48
Q

Dry barrel hydrant

A

A hydrant installed in areas where the water is subject to freezing temperatures.

49
Q

Flowmeter

A

A device installed in line with the pump discharge side piping that measures water flow to determine if the fire pump is performing as designed.

50
Q

Flush hydrant

A

A fire hydrant installed below the ground, requiring removal of a cover to access the hydrant.

51
Q

Friction loss

A

The progressive loss of water pressure that results when water flows away from the source and through a hose, pipe, pipe fittings, and water meters.

52
Q

Gravity system

A

A supply system in which the water source is located at a higher elevation than the properties and systems it feeds, allowing the water to flow freely into the system.

53
Q

Gravity tank

A

A freestanding structure designed to hold large amounts of water many feet above the ground.

54
Q

Outside screw and yoke (OS&Y) valve

A

A type of valve, wheel raises or lowers a screw to indicate if the valve is open , partially open, or closed.

55
Q

Positive displacement valve

A

Type of pump that operates at a specific speed to deliver a predetermined pressure and constant rate of flow.

56
Q

Post indicator valve (PIV)

A

A freestanding post that houses the stem extension of an underground valve, with the valve control located on top of the post.

57
Q

Static pressure

A

The pressure exerted by non flowing water in a system.

58
Q

Street key/valve key/ T-wrench key

A

A tool used to open and close water supply control valves.

59
Q

Valve box or roadway box

A

A metal sleeve and cover that provides access to water supply valves located under the street or ground.

60
Q

Wall hydrant

A

A wall-mounted fire hydrant for which the water is usually supplied from a fixed fire pump.

61
Q

Wall post indicator valve (WPIV)

A

A valve that mounts on the side of a building; the valve stem feeds through the wall to connect to the valve body located inside the building.

62
Q

Wet barrel hydrant

A

A hydrant installed in areas not subject to freezing temperatures; water is in the barrel at all times.

63
Q

Automatic dry standpipe system

A

A type of standpipe where the piping network is typically filled with pressurized air and, upon opening of a hose valve, the air pressure drops to a level that permits a device, such as a dry pipe valve, to activate and allow the water to flow into the piping network.

64
Q

Automatic wet standpipe system

A

A type of standpipe with an established water supply that feeds the piping network to ensure that water is available at all times for immediate use by fire fighters.

65
Q

Class 1 standpipe syst.

A

Capable of supplying water at a high pressure for firefighting usually meant to be used for trained firefighters.

66
Q

Class 2 standpipe syst.

A

Smaller in diameter and a nozzle is already attached so that the building occupants can use it.

67
Q

Class 3 standpipe syst.

A

Typically equipped with a small-diameter hose and nozzle for trained building occupant use but is capable of supplying the required water pressure and flow to support manual firefighting suppression activities.

68
Q

Combined system

A

A standpipe system where the standpipe riser supplies water to the fire sprinkler system and hose connections on the standpipe.

69
Q

Manual dry standpipe system

A

A type of standpipe system that requires connection to a water source in order for water to flow through the piping network.

70
Q

Manual wet standpipe system

A

Standpipe system typically supplied by a domestic source that is incapable of providing the required system pressure and flow demand but is for the purpose of maintaining water to the system to improve performance.

71
Q

Pipe schedule

A

A number that designates the wall thickness of a pipe and the pressure the pipe can withstand.

72
Q

Automatic fire sprinkler system

A

A network of underground and overhead piping with fire sprinkler heads connected to the overhead piping at specific intervals.The system applies water over the fire area

73
Q

Deluge sprinkler system

A

A type of automatic fire sprinkler system equipped with open fire sprinkler heads that simultaneously discharge water.

74
Q

Dry pipe sprinkler system

A

Has pressurized air or nitrogen in the pipes.

75
Q

Heat -sensitive element

A

Absorbs heat and activates when reaching a predetermined and engineered temperature to release water.

76
Q

Limited area sprinkler system

A

Has limited number of heads and does not require a control valve or water gauge.

77
Q

Old style sprinkler system

A

Discharged water with 40% flowing one direction and 60% the other direction.

78
Q

Orifice

A

The smooth opening in the fire sprinkler head through which water flows from the pipe.

79
Q

Pendent sprinkler head

A

a type of fire sprinkler head that is installed with its deflector pointing down toward the ground.

80
Q

Wet pipe sprinkler system

A

A type of automatic fire sprinkler system that has water in the pipes at all times so, when a sprinkler head activates, water flow is immediate.

Fire Protection System (FIRE 130) (2 decks)

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