Final Exam Flashcards
Balanced pressure proportioner
A proportioner that uses an atmospheric tank and pump to introduce the foam concentrate into the system with the water supply.
Compressed air foam system
A fixed or mobile fire protection system that uses foam produced by mixing water, foam concentrate, and air or nitrogen under pressure.
Deflagaration
The ignition of a flammable gas mixture that proceeds at a rate less than the speed of sound.
Fixed automatic foam system
A fire protection system incorporating foam concentrate, a deluge or preaction valve, piping network, and proportioning and distribution equipment; the system automatically activates by fire detectors or is manually activated upon detection of fire, delivering useable foam to the protected hazard.
Foam concentrate
A condensed form of the foam product.
Oscillating monitor nozzle
A foam distribution device that sweeps back and forth over an area.
Preprimed system
A wet foam-water sprinkler system in which the piping holds a foam solution instead of water.
Subsurface injection
A method of distributing foam by injecting it below the surface of the fuel.
Venturi proportioner
A proportioner that uses water moving over an open orifice to create a lower pressure at the opening that draws the foam into the water stream.
Dry chemical extinguishing agent
A dry powder suppression agent made from sodium bicarbonate-based, potassium-based, or ammonium phosphate chemicals that covers and smothers the burning material.
Fixed dry chemical extinguishing system
An automatic dry chemical agent-based extinguishing system that is self-contained, automatic, and uses a pressurized gas to expel the agent through a network of piping and nozzles onto the hazard.
Fluidization
The process of mixing an expellant gas with a dry chemical agent to facilitate distribution of the dry chemical.
Multipurpose dry chemicals
Dry chemical agents rated for class A, B, and C fires.
Regular or ordinary dry chemicals
Dry chemical agents rated only for class B and C fires.
Total flooding system
A fire suppression system designed for use within an enclosed area where the agent fills the entire area to achieve extinguishment.
Aerosol fire extinguishing system
A type of fire suppression system that delivers small chemical particles through a gas medium to create an aerosol agent.
Detonation
The ignition of a flammable gas mixture that proceeds at a rate greater than the speed of sound.
Oscillating monitor nozzle
A foam distribution device that sweeps back and forth over an area.
Preprimed system
A wet foam-water sprinkler system in which the piping holds a foam solution instead of water.
Subsurface injection
A method of distributing foam by injecting it below the surface of the fuel.
Fixed wet chemical extinguishing system
An automatic liquid agent-based extinguishing system that is self-contained, automatic, and uses a pressurized gas to expel the agent through a network of piping and nozzles onto the hazard, which is usually commercial kitchen cooling equipment.
Fluidization
The process of mixing an expellant gas with a dry chemical agent to facilitate distribution of the dry chemical.
Wet chemical extinguishing agent
A suppression agent that mixes water with potassium acetate, potassium carbonate, potassium citrate, and, in some instances, a mixture of these agents and other additives; used primarily to suppress class K fires.
Halocarbon
A chemical compound made up of carbon, hydrogen, chlorine, fluorine, bromine, or iodine
Halon
A commonly used term for halogenated hydrocarbons.
PASS
Pull, aim, squeeze, and sweep
Loaded stream
Water treated with an alkali salt to prevent freezing.
Stored pressure extinguisher
A type of extinguisher where a pressurized gas and agent mix in the same tank; When operated, the pressure of the gas forces the extinguishing agent out of the tank and through the nozzle or horn.
Wetting agent
A chemical compound added to water that reduces the water’s surface tension, thus allowing better penetration into the fire environment.
Buoyancy forces
Upward forces that cause hot gases to rise when fire plume temperatures are higher than the surrounding air.
Pressure differential
A smoke control strategy in which mechanical systems create relative pressure differences between a protected area and an adjacent area within a building.
Refuge area pressurization
Outdoor air is pumped into the refuge area at an increased pressure, forming a pressure barrier that prevents smoke and gases from entering the refuge area.
Smoke control
A term used to describe mechanical (active) systems that pressurize (both positively and negatively) areas of buildings with fans, limiting smoke movement in fires.
Smoke management
A term used to describe all passive and active methods and systems used alone or in combination to alter smoke movement.
Smoke removal
The use of unpolluted make-up air to push smoke and gases towards exhaust equipment.
Stack effect
The upward movement of air in a building where the interior temperature is warmer than the exterior temperature.
Stairway pressurization
A mechanical method of smoke control in which air pumped into a stairway at an increased pressure forms a pressure barrier, preventing smoke and gases from entering the stairway.
Exit access
The portion of the means of egress that leads to the exit.
Exit discharge
The portion of the means of egress between the exit and the public way.
Ingress
The entrance or way into a property or structure from the public way.
Travel distance
The total distance a person travels within the exit access to reach an enclosed exit stairway, exit passageway, exterior door, or horizontal exit.
