Midterm

Question 1

• Direction of communication (upward, downward, horizontal)

online definition from www.nationalforum.com

Answer 1

upward
Problems and exceptions
suggestions for improvement
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
downward
Implementation of goals, strategies, and objectives
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
horizontal
Intradepartmental problem solving

Question 2

• Informal/formal communication network

Answer 2

Use SLANG with caution. (informal)

Use JARGON judiciously. (formal)

Question 3

• Transactional communication model & components

Answer 3

Communicator 1: (sends/receives) and (encodes/decodes)
——-> Channel contains NOISE (message)
Communicator 2: (sends/receives) and (encodes/decodes)

Question 4

• What communication is and what communication is not

rate as 5, did not find an answer

Answer 4

.

Question 5

• Types of listeners

-assuming she meant listening style

Answer 5

• relational (emotional connection)
• analytical (details/perspectives)
• task (efficient/impatient)
• cuticle (quality/accuracy)

Question 6

• Content vs. relational messages

online definition

Answer 6

content
literal, or denotative, information in a message

relationship
expresses the relationship between communicators

Question 7

• How to improve your listening skills

rate as 5, did not find an answer

Answer 7

.

Question 8

• Powerful vs. powerless speech

online definition

Answer 8

powerful is more direct

Question 9

• Low context culture vs. high context culture

Answer 9

High context:
Relies on subtle, often non verbal cues to convey meaning and maintain social HARMONY
______________________
Low Context:
Uses language to express thoughts as clearly and LOGICALLY as possible.
______________________
Examples:
Western: “Do you understand”
-Responsibly placed on listener
Chinese: “Am I being clear?”
-Speaker takes responsibility for the understanding

Question 10

• Individualistic culture vs. collectivistic culture

Answer 10

Individualism:
a society which is characterized by individualism
Ex: USA
______________________
Collectivism:
is one that’s based on valuing needs of a group/community

Question 11

• How can you study the organizational culture

online definition study.com

Answer 11

Every organization develops and maintains a unique culture, which provides guidelines and boundaries for the behavior of the members of the organization

Question 12

• Listening barriers

online definition from www.activia.co.uk

Answer 12

1) Distractions.
2) Noise.
3) Interruptions.
4) Prejudice.
5) Lack of interest.

Question 13

• Equivocal terms/abstract terms

Answer 13

equivocal
equivocal words have more than one dictionary definition and thus misunderstandings are simple
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
abstract terms
stereotyping and confusing others

Question 14

• Audience analysis/audience adaptation

online definition

Answer 14

is the process of acquiring information about an audience in order to adapt a speech.

Question 15

• Polychronic vs. monochronic time orientation

Answer 15

monochronic
Cultures that embrace doing ONE thing at a time in an orderly fashion. Interruption isn’t the best course of action. Commitment and focusing are taken seriously. EX: USA
______________________
Polychronic:
MULTITASKING focused cultures, distractions can appear a lot but they learn how to easily manage it. Plans can change often and easily.
______________________
Both don’t interact with each other well and misunderstanding can easily happen if both sides are not informed.

Question 16

• General goal statement

(online definition www.extension.iastate.edu) ??

Answer 16

how you will achieve your vision

Question 17

• Specific goal statement

(online definition www.extension.iastate.edu) ??

Answer 17

objective. specific milestones with a specific timeline for achieving a goal.

Question 18

• Different communication contexts

online definition from http://open.lib.umn.edu/

Answer 18

intrapersonal
involves one person
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
interpersonal, 
normally involves two people, and can range from intimate and very personal to formal and impersonal
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
group
small number of people engage in a conversation.
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
public
one person speaks to a group of people
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
mass communication
involves sending a single message to a group

Question 19

• A culture within a culture

online definition

Answer 19

Culture is symbolic communication. Some of its symbols include a group’s skills, knowledge, attitudes, values, and motives.

Question 20

• Different types of delivery for a presentation

Answer 20

1) manuscript
2) memorized
3) extemporaneous (prepared)
4) impromptu (no practice, winging it)

Question 21

• Ethnocentrism

online definition

Answer 21

refers to the tendency to assume that one’s own culture and way of life are superior to all others.

Question 22

• Dangers of presentation software

rate as 5, did not find an answer

Answer 22

.

Question 23

• Designing effective visual aids

visual aids notes

Answer 23

-less is more

watch:

• color contrasts
• font size and type
• color
• photos and images
• anchor slides (even on both sides of slides)

Question 24

• Trigger words

Answer 24

Negative trigger words will often build up resentment and, at the very least, create resistance to forward positive direction in the conversation.

Question 25

• Rapport vs. report

online definition

Answer 25

Rapport
establishing connections and negotiating relationships

Report
independence and negotiate and maintain status

Question 26

• Cultural differences in nonverbal communication (there are examples in the book)

(online definition)

Answer 26

Eye contact
Touch
Gestures
Physical Space
Facial Expressions
Posture
Paralanguage

Question 27

• Paralanguage, appearance…other nonverbal categories

• Appearance
• Face
• Eyes aka _____

Answer 27

Eyes: oculesics

There are 7 universal facial expressions

Question 28

• Paralanguage, appearance…other nonverbal categories

Posture and movement aka _____

Answer 28

kinesics

-body movements

Question 29

• Paralanguage, appearance…other nonverbal categories

Personal Space and Distance aka _____.

Answer 29

proxemics

Question 30

• Paralanguage, appearance…other nonverbal categories

Time aka _____.

Answer 30

chronemics

Question 31

• Feminine vs. masculine communication styles

Feminine Speech

• _____ talk (makes connections)
• _____ tool

(starred on my notes)

Answer 31

• RAPPORT talk (makes connections, also contains two Ps
• EXPRESSIVE tool
• Supportive
• Tentative (powerless and not as confident)

Question 32

• Feminine vs. masculine communication styles

Masculine speech

• _____ talk
• _____tool (solves and fixes)

(starred on my notes)

Answer 32

• RAPORT talk (one P)
• INSTRUMENTAL tool (solves and fixes)
• [Gives] Advice
• Assertive
• Dominant