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GSI > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

The variable that you or the experimenter change during an experiment/the thing you measure

A

Independent Varaible

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2
Q

The varibale that changes due to changes made in the independent variable/the result

A

Dependent Variaible

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3
Q

the parts of the experiment that do not change. Should be everything but the variables

A

constants

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4
Q

the experimental set-up without any variable changed. Sets of conditions you compare to the rest of your experiment to

A

control

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5
Q

example of Indep. Variable

A

Water faucet opening (closed, half open, fully open)

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6
Q

ex. of Dep. vari.

A

Amount of water flowing, measured in liters per minute

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7
Q

Ex. of Control

A

Calculators in an experiment

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8
Q

What is the order of unit of measurements

A

kilo, hecto, deca, unit, decir, centi, millo

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9
Q

1 kilometer is how much in meters

A

1000 meters

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10
Q

1 hectometer is how many meters

A

100 meters

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11
Q

1 decameter is how many meters

A

10 meters

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12
Q

1 decimeter is how many meters

A

.1

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13
Q

1 centimeter is how many meters

A

.01

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14
Q

1 millimeter is how many meters

A

.001

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15
Q

decameter abrev.

A

Dm

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16
Q

decimeter abrieve.

A

dm

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17
Q

watch video on dimensional anylisis

A

ok

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18
Q

_____ rock layers are on the bottom

A

older

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19
Q

_____ rock layers are on the top

A

younger/newer

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20
Q

fossils preserved in rock layers that are characteristics of a p\specific span of geological time

A

index fossil

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21
Q

features of an index fossil

A

distinctive, easily recognizable, abundent, wide geographical range, and a short time range

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22
Q

look up video on half life

A

ok

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23
Q

the attraction one water molecule has for another water molecule/ a like attractions

A

cohesion

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24
Q

the attraction between water and another substance/ unlike attractions

A

adhesion

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25
Q

involes adhesion pf water to a surface other than water and cohesion of water molecules to each other

A

capillary action

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26
Q

occur when atoms share electrons to become stable, uses lines with Lewis Structures

A

covalent bonds

27
Q

the attraction between the partially positive end of one water molecule to the partially negative end of another water molecule

A

hydrogen bond

28
Q

1 inch is how many centimeters

A

2.54

29
Q

benefits and drawbacks of relative dating

A

relative dating uses visual observation but does not give an exact date

30
Q

benefits and drawbacks of absolute dating

A

entails laboratory analysis of rock samples that will take a longer time. further, the dating results will still have to be cross-checked with mapping data.

31
Q

a remark, statement, or comment based on something one has seen, heard, or noticed.

A

observation

32
Q

a conclusion reached on the basis of evidence and reasoning. educated guess

A

inference

33
Q

What makes a good hypothesis

A

testible and falsifible

34
Q

only one indep. variable changed at a time, dep. vari. observed

A

controlled experiment

35
Q

examples of constants

A

indep., controlled, and dep. variable

36
Q

a form of a chemical element whose atomic nucleus contains a specific number of neutron s, in addition to the number of proton s that uniquely defines the element. Number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus

A

isotope

37
Q

lower number of an isotope represents

A

protons

38
Q

higher number of isotope notation represents

A

mass number

39
Q

What does the mass number equal

A

protons plus neutrons

40
Q

how do index fossils help date a rock layer

A

they help determine the relative age because they should indetify a species that lived for a short amount of time

41
Q

What does it mean if they find the same kind of fossil in two completly different locations

A

The species once lived there and the continents were once connected

42
Q

how could geologic events cause inaccurate carbon dating

A

they produced rocks/minerals geological events could absorb into the object that may be carbon dated

43
Q

a technique used to date materials such as rocks or carbon, in which trace radioactive impurities were selectively incorporated when they were formed.

A

radiometric dating

44
Q

the science of determining the relative order of past events (i.e., the age of an object in comparison to another), without necessarily determining their absolute age, (i.e. estimated age).

A

relative dating

45
Q

a property caused by hydrogen bonding among water molecules.

A

high specific heat

46
Q

why are oceans important

A

keep global temperatures moderate

47
Q

how do oceans move

A

bring heat to poles, away from equator

48
Q

evaporation from oceans nneded for precipitation for land-dwelling species

A

hydrologic cycle

49
Q

the change of the physical state of matter from gas phase into liquid phase

A

condensation

50
Q

precipitation that did not get (infiltrated) absorbed into the soil, or did not evaporate, and therefore, made its way from the ground surface into places that water collect.

A

run-off

51
Q

the extraction of the soluble principles of a crude drug by the passage of a suitable liquid through it. i.e. an underground water stream

A

percolation

52
Q

what do ocean currents circulate

A

heat/energy, oxygen/nutrients, and water from the equator to the poles

53
Q

2 layer ocean =

A

surface

54
Q

created by wind and influenced by landforms and coriolis effect

A

surface currents

55
Q

oceans hold how much of the earths world water

A

97%

56
Q

What does the atmosphere do

A

keeps heat in, allows us to breathe

57
Q

wind moves from high to low pressure, curve due to ______

A

Coriolis effect

58
Q

Areas of H/L pressure caused by convection on ________

A

earths surface

59
Q

when more dense materials sink and less materials rise

A

convection

60
Q

Earth is heated more directly at the

A

equator

61
Q

warm, moist air rises and cools, which causes the air to lose it/s

A

moisture

62
Q

air it moves towards the N/S poles, it is cooler, which makes it more ______ and it sinks

A

denser

63
Q

as it sinks, it is warmed by the ground and gains temperature , whcih causes it to

A

rise

64
Q

areas of low/high pressure cause wind, which in turn causes _______ to move

A

surface tension

GSI (13 decks)

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