Final Flashcards
Identify 4 gases in our atomosphere
Nitrogen, oxygen, argon, carbon dioxide
What gas is the most prevelant
Nitrogen
What layer of the atmosphere would you find weather and airplanes
troposphere
in what layer would you find ozone
stratosphere
At what latitude would you most likely experience rainy conditions and why
0 (equator), due to warm rising air which gives a low pressure
At what lat would you find dry conditions and why
30, high pressure due to warm sinking air
convection currents are created by
uneven heating of the earths surface
how are winds named
the direction in which they begin
difference between weather and climate
weather - short terms climate - long terms
how is climate influenced by latitude
as lat increases, temperature decreases
how is climate influenced by elevation
as lat increases, temperature decreases
how is climate influenced by water
climate remains moderate
what are the 6 biomes
tundra, taiga, temperate forest, desert, grassland, tropical rainforest
general lat of tundra
75 degrees
general lat of taiga
60-75 degrees
general location of temperate forrest
between 30-60 degrees (50), pa
general location of grasslands
interior of continents
general lat of tropical rainforest
0-5 degrees
return of carbon to the soil through breakdown and decay of organic matter (plants and animals)
decomposition
use fo CO2 by plants as they make their own food
photosynthesis
Carbon dioxide in the air when it comes in contact with and dissolves in seawater
carbon ocean uptake
release of carbon compounds into air through the burning of fossil fueld
combustion
release of CO2 in the air as a biproduct of obtaining energy from food at a cellular level
cellular respiration
sink or source - oceans
sink
sink or source - decomposition/dead organisims
source
sink or source - forrests
sink
sink or source - atmosphere
neither
sink or source - fossil fuels
source
Generally, what happend to the concentraion of CO2 in the air as fume admissions becan to increase
it increased
Around what year did the carbon emmisions from factories, cars, begin to rise and what was happening around this time
1880, industrial revolution
renewable resources can be replaced after how long
around 25 years
non-renewable resources can be replaced after how long
a long time
example of renewable resources
trees, water
examples of non- renewable resources
soil, fossil fuels, minerals
law of conservation of matter with example
matter can neither be created or destroyed. Minerals removed from ground, become steel, recycled
the amount of land to sustain a persons use of natural resources
ecological footprint
that represents ones ecological footp.
1
determines past climate, indirect
proxy data
determines current climate
direct
proxy data ex.
tree rings, ice cores, coral
direct ex.
satellites, instruments
man made
anthropogenic
how do anthropogenic changes to the global carbon cycle impact the greenhouse effect
increase carbon em.
How does the greenhouse effect affect the the avergae atmospheric temperature
when they increase, they trap more heat and increase temperature
As CO2 increases, _______ increases
temperature
what contributes to CO2 emmision
burning of fossil fuels
the amount of light that is reflected by a surface
albedo
high or low albedo - ice
high
high or low albedo - forest
low
high or low albedo - snow
high
high or low albedo - pavement
low
example of positive feedback loop
melting of glaciers, increase in co2, decreased albedo, warming
reproductive structure of a plant that is designed to attract pollinaters
flower
provides support for the plant and conatains transport tissue
stem
location in the plant where the majority of photosynthesis occurs
leaves
produced after pollination and capable of developing into another plant
seed
anchors the plant to soil and absorbs water and minerals
roots
transports water and nutrients up the roots
xylen
transports sugars to other parts of the plants down
ploem
three main parts of the seed
endosperm, seed coat, embryo
provides nutrients during germination
endosperm
protects seed
seed coat
when plant begins to grow
embryo
building of a seed
germination
in order for a seed to germinate, what does it require
water, oxygen, proper temperature
what do plants need to grow
light, air, water, nutrients
how are the requirements different from a plants requirements during photosynthesis
a plant requires light for photosynthesis to make food (glucose)
organisms that carry out photosynthesis. Using energy from sunlight, carbon dioxide and water are converted into organic materials to be used in cellular functions such as biosynthesis and respiration.
photoautotroph
gets food from other organisms
heterotroph
equation for photosynthesis
energy (light) + 6CO2 + 6H2O = C6h12O6 + 6O2
how does photosynthesis show the law of con. of matter
6 C in CO2 —–> 6C in glucose
18O in CO2 and H2O —–> 18O in Glucose and O
12 H in water ——–> 12 H in glucose
In what organelle does photosynthesis occur
chloyophlasts
where are chlorophlasts found
leaves
When pollen in transported from male parts of one flower to female parts of another flower
pollenation
how is pollen transported
wind, animals, and water (which is not the main one)
Why is seed dispersal nessesary
If seeds grow too close to eachother, they will compete
how can seed dispersal be accomplised with air
dandilion blows in wind
how can seed dispersal be accomplised with water
seed falls into water and goes downstream
how can seed dispersal be accomplised with animals
bur gets stuck in dogs fur
5 compounets of healthy soil
water, air, organic matter, rocks, and minerals
process to help preserve soil
crop rotation
the process of growing the same plant over a large area year after year
monocropping
what does monocropping do to the soil
depletes it of important nutrients
when soil loses its fertility and its ability to support life
desertification
why is it important to preserve healthy soil
- helps plants create more nutrients
- keeps air clean
- protects healthy plants from harm with microbes
the breakdown of rocks through natural forces and is an important process in soil formation
weathering
the breaking down of once living organisims and is also an important process in soil formation
decomposition
