Midterm Flashcards
smallest identifiable unit of an element
atom
an ion composed of a group of atoms with an overall charge
polyatomic ion
a 1 or 2 letter abbreviation for an element, listed directly below the atomic number in the periodic table
chemical symbol
positively charged nuclear particle, its mass is approximately 1 amu
proton
a nuclear particle with no electrical charge and nearly the same mass as a proton
neutron
a negatively charged particle that occupies most of the atoms volume but contributes almost none of its mass
electron
number of protons in the nucleus of an atom represented with a Z
atomic number
elements that have similar outer electron configurations and therefore similar properties, occurs in verticle columns in the periodic table
group
elemtns that fallalong the boundry between the metals an the nonmetals in the periodic table; their properties are intermediate between those of metals and those of nonmetals
metalloid
an arrangement of the elements in which atomic number increases from left to right and elements with similar properties fall in columns called families or groups
periodic table
atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons
isotope
mixture that has 2 or more regions with different compositions
heterogenous
mixture that has the same composition throughout
homogenous
elemnt that exists of two atoms of that element bonded together
diatomic molecule
temperature at which a solid turns into a liquid
melting point
temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid is equal to the pressure above it
boiling point
measure of how close a series of measurments are to one another, reproductibility, deals with uncertainty of a tool
precision
measure of how close a measurment comes to the actual value, correctness, deals with human error in making the measurments
accuaracy
compound that attarcts and holds water molecules in thier crystal structure
hydrate
heating a mixture to seperate the parts
distillation