midterm Flashcards
basilica structure
- apse
1. transcept
2. side asiles
3. nave
- apse = at the most far end of the church, behind the transcept, where the altar is located
1. nave = long hallway to the transcept
2. transcept = at the far end of the church walking from the entrance - where major events take place
basilica structure
- apse
1. transcept
2. side asiles
3. nave
- apse = at the most far end of the church, behind the transcept, where the altar is located
1. nave = long hallway to the transcept
2. transcept = at the far end of the church walking from the entrance - where major events take place
the ground plane has 3 grounds and a picture plane
foreground
middle ground
background
foreshortening
when objects/bodies appear perpendicular to the picture plane. It makes it seem like the object recedes into 3-d space
mass vs. volume
mass = the illusion of tangible, solid weight and presence (bodies appear to take up space)
-volume = empty space
Leon Battista Alberti,
Sant’Andrea in Mantua,
1472 and after
vs Pantheon in Rome
- Similarities
- same architecture styles in pediments, entabiature, and pilatics
- Roman triumphal arch triumphs Christ’s resurrection - differences
- made out of bricks rather than stone
Linear Perspective
a technique used to create depth on a flat surface
- clue: patterned floors and ceilings, lines in the walls or side of the landscape to recognize linear perspective
vanishing point
the point where all lines connect to
orthogonal
receding lines that move away from you
horizon line
a horizontal line that acts like an anchor in the picture, which tells where the ground ends and the sky begin
Atmospheric perspective
as objects get farther away you see them in less detail, in softer focus, and in duller colors. (Madonna of the Rocks and Da Vinci)
Atmospheric perspective
as objects get farther away you see them in less detail, in softer focus, and in duller colors. (Madonna of the Rocks and Da Vinci)
contrast is the greatest for () objects.
distant objects have less contrast in them and less to their surroundings
Upper Church, Basilica of St. Francis of Assisi, 1228-1253
- understand the architecture
Giotto,
Lamentation ,
- Giotto, at Arena Chapel, 1305-06
- fresco
- John spreads out his arms & angels flying in the background out of the picture–> uses foreshortening to create space
- Mary introduces great volume in her hair
- the shape of the rock functions as an error
- early stages of dimension + attempt of linear perspective
Sala of the Nove (Room of the Nine),
- Ambrogio Lorenzetti, 1338-40
- fresco
- shows an allegory (wisdom –> justice –> harmony –> citizens of sienna –> commune of sienna)
- the results of good govn’t and bad govn’t
- advertisement and reminder of council’s decision
Cimabue,
Madonna and Child,
- Cimabue, 1280
- tempra on panel
- the icon tradition comes from Byzantine ages
- mimics St Luke’s painting of Madonna
- linear = figures designed by strong outlines with light shadows
- increasing naturalism (proportion + depth + perspective + how are figures defined)
- elongated legs (proportion)
- face (front) +legs (top-down) +showing different views at the same time –> creates space and depth
Ognissanti (Every Saint) Madonna,
1306-10
- Giotto, 1306-10
- tempra on panel on wood
- very similar to Cimabue
- monument physical presence by modeling (using light and shadow)
- creates space by making a canopy
- fits the theme of increasing naturalism
January page from
Les Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry,
(Book of hours)
- Limbourg Brothers, 1413-16
- type = book of hours (made for regular people who wish to corporate monastic rituals in daily life –> mimic the schedule of monks)
- fusion of Greek culture/ past with the contemporary world
- strong attention to materialistic reality
- feudalism (wealth based on land where aristocrats name all the land)
- trade brings money to non-aristocrats (1300=1400), which allows a new ‘middle class’ to grow
Mérode Triptych or the Annunciation Triptych,
- Robert Campin, ca. 1425-30
- oil
- triptych = altarpiece at home
- this focuses on a single point in life
- 1500 Flemish interior
- every object is a symbol (Madonna lily = purity; candle smokes out = divinity arrives)
Arnolfini Wedding? Portrait,
- Jan Van Eyck, 1434
- oil
- Italian merchant and his wife
- one candle = god is present
- dog = fidol = loyalty and fidelity
- mirror reflects the audience
- naturalism + details on drapery and clothing