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Gerontology > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

Ellie metchnikoff

A

Credited The first use of the term gerontology and wrote a book in 1908 about gerontology

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2
Q

Ageism

A

Robert butler coined this term to describe the negative attitude toward aging
Deep seated uneasiness from the youth about growing older, disease, and disability
Stereotyping, discrimination, prejudice

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3
Q

How do most old people feel about aging?

A

They have a negative view and often try to appear middle aged always not wanted to reveal their age
Ex. Not accepting a senior discount

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4
Q

New ageism

A

An attempt to help older people who need help due to poor health, poverty or lack of social support

Supports the stereotype of old age as a loss of function

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5
Q

Compassionate stereotype

A

Create sympathy for old people but doesn’t give a true picture of later life

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6
Q

Elderspeak

A

Thornton and Light 2006
A specialized speech register resembling baby talk in addressing older adults
Driven by stereotyping

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7
Q

Patricia Moore and the Disguised

A

Dressed up as an old women and a young women looking for something in a shop
She was treated radically differently as based on her appearance of age

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8
Q

Social gerontology

A

Includes the psychological, socioeconimival environment, and practical related studies of aging women
Study the changes in life like family, relationships etc

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9
Q

Person environment fit theory

A

The support a person need depends on a persons ability and the demands of the environment

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10
Q

Exchange theory

A

Focus on what people give and get from one another

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11
Q

Symbolic interaction

A

Study how symbols like clothing, body language shape social relations

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12
Q

Social phenomenologists

A

Look at conversation to find the method people use to maintain social interaction

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13
Q

Interactionists perspective

A

People play a part in creating and maintaining social life

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14
Q

Age stratification theory

A

Explores the interdependent relationship between individual aging and social change

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15
Q

Age stratification: individual aging

A

Aging is a lifelong process.

We have certain roles that change throughout the course of our lives

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16
Q

Age stratification: societal change

A

We enter into different age groupings as we grow older

Age cohorting begins

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17
Q

Age cohort

A

A group of people born at about the same time who go through the same events at about the same age

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18
Q

Age stratification critiques

A

See society as homogenous and that no matter your race, gender or class you will experience an event the same as your age cohort

States the events which a group experienced but gives little insight on how they respond to this event

Conservative bias

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19
Q

Transitions

A

Changes in social status or social roles

Ex. Marriage, divorce, remarriage, divorce

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20
Q

Trajectories

A

Long term pattern of stability and change

Ex. Lifelong marriage

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21
Q

Conflict theory

A

Looks at the tension that exists between groups

Looks at the way socially powerful groups or the government shape the lives of others

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22
Q

Population aging

A

A population ages when any of these three measures increase:
The absolute number of older people in a population
The median age of the population
The increased proportion of older people

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23
Q

Less developed nations

A

They have large numbers of older people but low proportions of old people and large numbers of young people

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24
Q

Developed nations

A

They have large proportion of older people in their populations in the populations will get older in the future

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25
Q

Migration

A

To understand population change:
Not as much of an impact because we have immigration laws, border control and we have uncertainty of the flow of immigration

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26
Q

Normal aging

A

The normal things that happen as we age such as hearing loss, sight loss, graying hairs, wrinkles

27
Q

Pathological aging

A

Fueled by extrinsic factors such as bad diet, lack of exercise, excessive sun

28
Q

Optimal aging

A

Capacity to adapt to life changes such as illness and disability and are satisfied despite physical conditions

29
Q

Successful aging

A

Actively aging until death

Counteract natural extrinsic factors by actively engaging in life so they have high menta and physical function

30
Q

Smoking

A

1 preventable cause of disability/death

31
Q

Active life expectancy age

A

77.8

32
Q

Leading cause of death

A

Heart disease
Cancer
Chronic respiratory disease

33
Q

Baby boomer

A

Make up 24.3%
Free thinkers with individualism
Attracted to personal risk and distrust big corporations
Have 3/4 of countries wealth

34
Q

Functional age

A

How you look and what you can do
Normal physical changes
ADL Activities of daily living
IADL instrumental activities of daily living

35
Q

Phsychological age

A

Young as you feel

Activity level and health

36
Q

Social age

A

Social norms and roles they follow

How much they interact in social events

37
Q

Young old

A

Up to 74

38
Q

Middle old

A

75-84

39
Q

Oldest old

A

85+

40
Q

Centenarians

A

100+

Fastest growing population

41
Q

Blue zones are :

A 
Sardinia, Italy 
Okinawa, Japan 
Loma kinda, Ca 
Ikaria, Greece
Nicoyo peninsula, Costa Rica
42
Q

Habits/ social conditions of blue zones:

A

Keep moving by walking

Have a sense of purpose of life

43
Q

Most fearful aspects of aging

A

Boredom
Loss of purpose of life
Money loss

44
Q

Life span

A

Biological maximum

120 years

45
Q

First age

A

Before working life

46
Q

Second age

A

Working life

47
Q

Third age

A

Enjoys cognitive and physical well being
No longer employed
Age 65-70

48
Q

Fourth age

A

Declining old age

49
Q

Progeria

A

Accelerated aging through a rare hereditary genetic disorder

50
Q

Syndrome x

A

Girl who doesn’t age

Physically and cognitively similar to a toddler

51
Q

Disengagement theory

A

Cummings and Henry 1961
Mutual disengagement with society is okay with because it puts more opportunity into their hands
Freed from productive duties and engage in less self selective activities

52
Q

Activity theory

A

Substitutes any lack in work friends or loved ones with activities of interest
Direct relationship between amount of activities to satisfaction

53
Q

Continuity theory

A

While people change throughout their life they maintain same activities behaviors and relationships for a good quality of life
They age successfully and maintain self identity and continue life satisfaction

54
Q

Social psychological theory

A

S selection by prioritizing goals/ activity
O optimizing through evaluating what resources you have available
C compensating for your losses

Maximize gains and minimize loss

55
Q

Wear and Tear theory

A

Body parts wear out with repeated use
Exposure to radiation, toxins, up damage
Oseeoarithis is cartilage wear down in joints

56
Q

Hayflick limit theory

A

Aging occurs from a progressive weakening of capacity for cell division
Slower rate of cell division means you live longer and this can occur by diet and lifestyle choices

57
Q

Antagonistic pleiotropy theory

A

Beneficial genes are their early in life and come through natural selection and harmful ones come later in life
A single gene can have multiple traits

58
Q

Rate of living theory

A

Finite # if breathes, heartbeats
Deterioration of your body is proportionate to use
Large animals outlive smaller animals

59
Q

Calorie restriction diet theory

A

Reduced core body temperature, cellular division, metabolism, free radicals, DNA damage

No real evidence of changes in body or health

60
Q

Free radical theory

A

Organisms age bc cells accumulate free radical damage over time (atom that has a single unpaired electron in the outer shell)

Steal energy from molecules

61
Q

How to reduce free radicals

A

Environmental chemicals

Balanced diet with vitamins and fruits and vegetables

62
Q

Mutation accumulation theory

A

Evolutionary effects of adverse events decline following the age at which organisms are capable of reproduction

63
Q

Programmed cell death theory

A

Biochemical events lead to death

Cells that are no longer needed kill them selves off

Gerontology (2 decks)

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