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Gerontology > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

Ellie metchnikoff

A

Credited The first use of the term gerontology and wrote a book in 1908 about gerontology

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2
Q

Ageism

A

Robert butler coined this term to describe the negative attitude toward aging
Deep seated uneasiness from the youth about growing older, disease, and disability
Stereotyping, discrimination, prejudice

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3
Q

How do most old people feel about aging?

A

They have a negative view and often try to appear middle aged always not wanted to reveal their age
Ex. Not accepting a senior discount

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4
Q

New ageism

A

An attempt to help older people who need help due to poor health, poverty or lack of social support

Supports the stereotype of old age as a loss of function

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5
Q

Compassionate stereotype

A

Create sympathy for old people but doesn’t give a true picture of later life

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6
Q

Elderspeak

A

Thornton and Light 2006
A specialized speech register resembling baby talk in addressing older adults
Driven by stereotyping

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7
Q

Patricia Moore and the Disguised

A

Dressed up as an old women and a young women looking for something in a shop
She was treated radically differently as based on her appearance of age

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8
Q

Social gerontology

A

Includes the psychological, socioeconimival environment, and practical related studies of aging women
Study the changes in life like family, relationships etc

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9
Q

Person environment fit theory

A

The support a person need depends on a persons ability and the demands of the environment

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10
Q

Exchange theory

A

Focus on what people give and get from one another

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11
Q

Symbolic interaction

A

Study how symbols like clothing, body language shape social relations

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12
Q

Social phenomenologists

A

Look at conversation to find the method people use to maintain social interaction

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13
Q

Interactionists perspective

A

People play a part in creating and maintaining social life

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14
Q

Age stratification theory

A

Explores the interdependent relationship between individual aging and social change

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15
Q

Age stratification: individual aging

A

Aging is a lifelong process.

We have certain roles that change throughout the course of our lives

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16
Q

Age stratification: societal change

A

We enter into different age groupings as we grow older

Age cohorting begins

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17
Q

Age cohort

A

A group of people born at about the same time who go through the same events at about the same age

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18
Q

Age stratification critiques

A

See society as homogenous and that no matter your race, gender or class you will experience an event the same as your age cohort

States the events which a group experienced but gives little insight on how they respond to this event

Conservative bias

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19
Q

Transitions

A

Changes in social status or social roles

Ex. Marriage, divorce, remarriage, divorce

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20
Q

Trajectories

A

Long term pattern of stability and change

Ex. Lifelong marriage

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21
Q

Conflict theory

A

Looks at the tension that exists between groups

Looks at the way socially powerful groups or the government shape the lives of others

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22
Q

Population aging

A

A population ages when any of these three measures increase:
The absolute number of older people in a population
The median age of the population
The increased proportion of older people

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23
Q

Less developed nations

A

They have large numbers of older people but low proportions of old people and large numbers of young people

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24
Q

Developed nations

A

They have large proportion of older people in their populations in the populations will get older in the future

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25
Migration
To understand population change: Not as much of an impact because we have immigration laws, border control and we have uncertainty of the flow of immigration
26
Normal aging
The normal things that happen as we age such as hearing loss, sight loss, graying hairs, wrinkles
27
Pathological aging
Fueled by extrinsic factors such as bad diet, lack of exercise, excessive sun
28
Optimal aging
Capacity to adapt to life changes such as illness and disability and are satisfied despite physical conditions
29
Successful aging
Actively aging until death | Counteract natural extrinsic factors by actively engaging in life so they have high menta and physical function
30
Smoking
#1 preventable cause of disability/death
31
Active life expectancy age
77.8
32
Leading cause of death
Heart disease Cancer Chronic respiratory disease
33
Baby boomer
Make up 24.3% Free thinkers with individualism Attracted to personal risk and distrust big corporations Have 3/4 of countries wealth
34
Functional age
How you look and what you can do Normal physical changes ADL Activities of daily living IADL instrumental activities of daily living
35
Phsychological age
Young as you feel | Activity level and health
36
Social age
Social norms and roles they follow | How much they interact in social events
37
Young old
Up to 74
38
Middle old
75-84
39
Oldest old
85+
40
Centenarians
100+ | Fastest growing population
41
Blue zones are :
``` Sardinia, Italy Okinawa, Japan Loma kinda, Ca Ikaria, Greece Nicoyo peninsula, Costa Rica ```
42
Habits/ social conditions of blue zones:
Keep moving by walking | Have a sense of purpose of life
43
Most fearful aspects of aging
Boredom Loss of purpose of life Money loss
44
Life span
Biological maximum | 120 years
45
First age
Before working life
46
Second age
Working life
47
Third age
Enjoys cognitive and physical well being No longer employed Age 65-70
48
Fourth age
Declining old age
49
Progeria
Accelerated aging through a rare hereditary genetic disorder
50
Syndrome x
Girl who doesn’t age | Physically and cognitively similar to a toddler
51
Disengagement theory
Cummings and Henry 1961 Mutual disengagement with society is okay with because it puts more opportunity into their hands Freed from productive duties and engage in less self selective activities
52
Activity theory
Substitutes any lack in work friends or loved ones with activities of interest Direct relationship between amount of activities to satisfaction
53
Continuity theory
While people change throughout their life they maintain same activities behaviors and relationships for a good quality of life They age successfully and maintain self identity and continue life satisfaction
54
Social psychological theory
S selection by prioritizing goals/ activity O optimizing through evaluating what resources you have available C compensating for your losses Maximize gains and minimize loss
55
Wear and Tear theory
Body parts wear out with repeated use Exposure to radiation, toxins, up damage Oseeoarithis is cartilage wear down in joints
56
Hayflick limit theory
Aging occurs from a progressive weakening of capacity for cell division Slower rate of cell division means you live longer and this can occur by diet and lifestyle choices
57
Antagonistic pleiotropy theory
Beneficial genes are their early in life and come through natural selection and harmful ones come later in life A single gene can have multiple traits
58
Rate of living theory
Finite # if breathes, heartbeats Deterioration of your body is proportionate to use Large animals outlive smaller animals
59
Calorie restriction diet theory
Reduced core body temperature, cellular division, metabolism, free radicals, DNA damage No real evidence of changes in body or health
60
Free radical theory
Organisms age bc cells accumulate free radical damage over time (atom that has a single unpaired electron in the outer shell) Steal energy from molecules
61
How to reduce free radicals
Environmental chemicals Balanced diet with vitamins and fruits and vegetables
62
Mutation accumulation theory
Evolutionary effects of adverse events decline following the age at which organisms are capable of reproduction
63
Programmed cell death theory
Biochemical events lead to death | Cells that are no longer needed kill them selves off

Gerontology (2 decks)

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