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human dev > midterm > Flashcards

midterm Flashcards

1
Q

Harlow

A

Attachment - Surrogate mother experiment: Cloth vs Wire mother

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2
Q

-Conventional moral reasoning

A
  • Social rules (i.e. laws)
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3
Q

Preoperational

A

(2-7yrs) - centration (focus on 1 detail)

begin to draw/ pretend play

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4
Q

Psychosexual Stages

A

1) Oral - Mouth (sucking, feeding and weaning)
2) Anal - Elimination and toilet training
3) Phallic - Gender role and moral development
4) Latency - Focus on physical and intellectual activities, (master tasks of
environment and society standards)
5) Genital - Mature relationships

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5
Q

erickson’s psychosocial stages

A 
Childhood
adolescence
young adult
middle adult
older adult
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6
Q

Locke

A

Blank slate

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7
Q

Rousseau

A

Children inherently good

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8
Q

gilligans stages of moral dev.

A

1) survival orientation
2) conventional care
3) integrated care

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9
Q

Industry vs. Inferiority

A

Respondent 6-12 years (school age)

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10
Q

Hobbes

A

Children inherently bad

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11
Q

according to vygovsky _____ is a temporary support made in the learning process….

A

scaffolding

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12
Q

Formal operational

A

(11-15/adulthood) – abstract thinking, algebraic equations

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13
Q

Kohlberg

A

-Preconventional moral reasoning
-Conventional moral reasoning
-Postconventional moral reasoning
Disagreed:
-Heinz Moral Dilemma
-Gilligan’s Stages of Moral Development -

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14
Q

ego integrity vs despair

A

50+ yr

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15
Q

Moral Reasoning

A

-Kohlberg

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16
Q

Pavlov

A

Classical Conditioning (Respondent Conditioning) – conditioned to associate neutral stimulus with meaningful stimulus

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17
Q

Piaget

A

Cognitive Theory

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18
Q

generativity cs stagnation

A

25-50 yr

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19
Q

Skinner

A 
Operant Conditioning (Reinforcement and Punishment) 
- behaviors reinforced, (Instrumental Conditioning)

Add something in or take something away to increase or decrease a behavior

  • Reinforcement
  • Punishment
20
Q

Gibson and Walk (1960)

A

Visual Cliff Experiment - Depth Perception Experiment (6+ month old will not go even with mother’s encouragement)

2-3 mo no depth perception
6-14 mo afraid of deep end

21
Q

-Postconventional moral reasoning

A
  • Moral principles (i.e. individual conscience)
22
Q

intimacy vs isolation

23
Q

Initiative vs. Guilt

A

3-6 years (preschool), rewards vs. inferiority (praise) and punishment (criticism)

24
Q

Attachment

A

Freud
Erickson
Bowlby
Ainsworth

25
Q

Bronfenbrenner

A

All systems surrounding individual contributes to development
Microsystems: face-to-face
Exosystems: Societal Institutions Macrosystems: Cultural beliefs and values

26
Q

Thomas and Chess

A

Temperament Goodness of Fit:

  • good fit, poor fit
  • Easy
  • Difficult
  • Slow to Warm
27
Q

“because i said so” type of parenting according to baumrind?

A

authoritarian

28
Q

-Preconventional moral reasoning

A
  • Rewards & punishments
29
Q

Konrad Lorenz

A

Critical period Imprinting - bond created immediately after birth on first moving object

30
Q

Trust vs. Mistrust

A

Birth-1 year, develop attachments, future relationships rely on

31
Q

Sensorimotor

A

(0-2 yrs.) – sensory, object permanence (8 months) - awareness that object is out of sight

32
Q

erickson’s psychosocial stages childhood

A
  • Trust vs. Mistrust
  • Autonomy vs. Shame & Doubt
  • Initiative vs. Guilt
  • Industry vs. Inferiority
33
Q

stage 1 survival orientation

gilligan

A
  • egocentric concern for self,
  • lack of awareness of others needs,
  • right action is what promotes emotional or physical survival
34
Q

Ainsworth

A

Strange Situation
Secure Attachment Insecure Attachment
Research

35
Q

Impacting Factors Rutter’s Indicators (1985)

A 
- Risk Factors are predictors of child psychopathology
(1 factor = 2% increase, 4+ factors = 21% increase) 
1) Severe marital discord 
2) Low SES 
3) Overcrowding/large family size 
4) Parental criminality 
5) Maternal psychopathology 
6) Placement of child outside of home
36
Q

Autonomy vs. Shame & Doubt

A

1-3 years (preschool), independence, feelings of adequacy

37
Q

Concrete operational

A

(7-11yrs) – logical reasoning, conservation (able to focus on more than 1 detail) e.g. same amount of water in 2 different shaped containers

organized thought

38
Q

-which theorist is identified as a cognitive theorist : sensorimotor, pre-op, concrete op, formal op?

39
Q

Watson

A

Cognitive behavioral theory

behaviorism- all behavior is learned and can be unlearned

40
Q

stage 2 conventional care

gilligan

A
  • lack of distinction between what others what and what is right
  • right action is whatever pleases others best
41
Q

stage 3 integrated care

gilligan

A
  • coordination or integrating of needs of self and others

- right action takes account of self as well as others

42
Q

Vygotsky Scaffolding

A
  • temporary support/aid in learning process

Zone of Proximal Development - skills learned but cannot master without help

43
Q

Baumrind Parenting Styles

A

Authoritarian
authoritative
permissive
rejecting-neglecting

44
Q

Erickson

A

Psychosocial Stages across the life span

45
Q

Identity vs. Role Confusion

46
Q

Bandura Social Learning Theory

A

– observational learning through imitation

Modeling Vicarious reinforcement

human dev (2 decks)

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