Midterm Flashcards
What are chromophores?
Organs under neurological control
What are tagma?
Specialized segments in segmented animals (found in Arthropods)
What other phyla, other than Arthropods, show segmentation?
Polychaeta and Clitellata
Describe the moulting process
1) intermoulting stage
2) Separation of cuticle and epidermis
3) Epidermis cells grow
4) New cuticle is secreted
5) Enzymes are activated in moulting fluid
6) old cuticle sheds off
What are the Chelicerates?
Spiders
What are Myriapods?
Centipedes
What are Crustaceans?
Lobsters; mantis shrimp
What are the tagma for myriapoda?
Head and trunk
What are the tagma for hexapoda?
Head, thorax, abdomen
What re the tagma for Chelicerata?
- Prosoma (cephalothorax) —->responsible for sensory, locomotion and feeding
- Opisthosoma (opishto=rear, soma=body)—>responsible for organs, reproduction, digestion, excretion, respiration
In chelicerata, what are the first and second appendages called?
1st: chelicerata–>’jaws’
2nd: pedipalps
What class/phyla do spiders, scorpions, ticks, mites fall under?
Phyla: Chelicerata
Class: Arachnida
Ticks are endoparasites
False: They are ectoparacytes
Where does waste removal occur in Chelicerata?
Nitrogen removal occurs through the gut tract or appendage pores
What does biramous mean and where is it found?
Biramous means breaking off into 2 branches of appendages (exopod and endopod) and it is found in phyla crustacea
what is cavitation?
Mechanism used by mantis shrimp to break snail shells; pressurized water is used, where gas is dissolved in the water and the pressure that is created is released. The force of the cavitation bubble is what breaks the shells
What tagma do Crustaceans have?
- Cephalothorax: fused head and thorax; sensory, locomotion and feeding organs
- abdomen: locomotion
- 2 pair of antennae
- biramous appendage
What class falls under the Crustaceans?
Malacostraca: lobsters, crabs, shrimp
-gills at base of cephalothorasic appendages (open circulatory system is very organized)
Do Myriapoda have biramous or uniramous appendages? How many and define.
Uniramous: no branching off of the appendages - 4 pairs of head appendages
What environment do Myriapods live in?
Terrestrial
What are baroreceptors?
Pressure sensing receptors
What are chemoreceptors?
sensors that detect specific chemicals
What are georeceptors?
Sensors that detect gravity; most are statocysts. They have weights in the centre; sometimes made of elements, sometimes bubbles and these help them know where they are in space
What are phonoreceptors?
Light sensing
