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New Media > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

Media

A

one of the means or channels of general communication, information, or entertainment in society, as newspapers, radio, or television.

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2
Q

New Media

A

Emerging Digital media

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3
Q

How we got to now:

A

Human senses–>gesture–>signs–>speech–>cave paintings–>pictogram–>ideogram–>logographic writing–>phonographic writing

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4
Q

Human senses and limitation

A

Foundation of experience; limitation: only input

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5
Q

Gestures and limitation

A

Produce signals; limitation: real-time, physical objects

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6
Q

Signs and limitation

A

Semiotics; abstract/not just about what is present; limitation: real-time

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7
Q

Speech and limitation

A

More variety, easier, distance; limitation: real-time

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8
Q

Cave painting and limitation

A

Permanence! Limitation: clarity, non-abstract things

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9
Q

Pictogram and limitation

A

Standardized, sequence; can be repeated; limitation: clarity

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10
Q

Ideogram and limitation

A

Abstraction; limitation: clarity

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11
Q

Logoraphic writing and limitation

A

(Ie, Chinese); grammar, standardization; limitation: can’t keep adding words

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12
Q

Phonographic writing

A

Infinite!

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13
Q

Papyrus:

A

Solved problem of durability/permanence/portability

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14
Q

Greek semaphore

A

Needed infrastructure; limit to line of sight and weather

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15
Q

Couriers

A

letters lost, trust messenger, must know where to go

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16
Q

Early newspapers

A

First mass communication

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17
Q

Printing Press and Movable Type

A

Now have speed and copies

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18
Q

Typewriter

A

Available to individuals

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19
Q

Telegraph

A

1st electronic communication; real time transmission

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20
Q

Innovations by Digital revolution

A

Ability to perfectly reproduce info ad infinitum at a cost over time asymptotically close to zero; ability to store and process info at a scale beyond human ability

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21
Q

ASCII

A

American Standard Code for Information Interchange

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22
Q

HDD

A

Hard disk drive- spinning

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23
Q

SSD

A

Solid state drive- uses integrated circuits to store data electrically

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24
Q

Byte

A

8 bits

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25
Q

CPU

A

Central Processing Unit; brain/clock (linear)

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26
Q

Why are CPUs multicore?

A

Faster–>more heat and also getting smaller and smaller; lowers heat and lowers power consumption

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27
Q

GPU

A

Graphics Processing Unit; parallel

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28
Q

SoC

A

System on a Chip (Smartphones)

29
Q

RAM

A

Random Access memory (working memory); nothing is permanent

30
Q

Pixel

A

Picture element

31
Q

Retina Display

A

Apple marketing term; number of pixels packed in

32
Q

CRT

A

Crystal Ray Tube; emits electrons into pixel grid

33
Q

LCD

A

Liquid crystal display; electric current over crystals and LED backlight

34
Q

Plasma Display

A

Ionized gases create bright light

35
Q

OLED

A

Organic light emitting diode; individual light turned on and off at each spot (Apple watch)

36
Q

USB 3

A

Non-reversible; too big

37
Q

USB C

A

Smaller; will take over

38
Q

Thunderbolt

A

Apple display port

39
Q

Lightning

A

First reversible cable; iOS

40
Q

HDMI

A

High Def Multimedia Interface

41
Q

VGA

A

Video Graphics Adaptor

42
Q

ARPA

A

Advanced Research Projects Agency

43
Q

ARPANET

A

Early packet switching network; first to implement TCP/IP

44
Q

Robert Metcalf

A

Ethernet at Xerox PARC 1973

45
Q

Minitel

A

France 1978

46
Q

Tim Berners Lee

A

Invented World Wide Web 1991 on a NEXT computer at CERN

47
Q

Internet takeover

A

1% in 1993, 51% in 2000, 97% in 2007

48
Q

Joseph Licklider

A

Invented Intergalactic Computer Network

49
Q

1982

A

ARPANet networking standard publicly available

50
Q

1985

A

First .com address

51
Q

Network Packets

A

circuit switching: single uninterrupted wire connection; packet switching: packages, increases bandwidth and number of computers

52
Q

IP

A

Internet protocol; (172.194.121.32=google.com)

53
Q

DNS

A

Domain name system- layer on top of IP

54
Q

Internet

A

Any set of network computers that communicate over Internet Protocol

55
Q

Web

A

Layer on top of internet with publicly available addresses and docs linked to other docs

56
Q

Router

A

Distributes internet to computers

57
Q

Modem

A

Interprets from internet service provider

58
Q

URL

A

Uniform Resource Locator- way we specify where on a site we want to go

59
Q

TLD

A

top level domain (.gov, .com)

60
Q

web server

A

computer mozilla is running on

61
Q

HTTP

A

Hypertext transfer protocol- how is website being communicated from one to the other one

62
Q

Ethernet

A

Main wired interface for connecting computers to local area networks

63
Q

Wifi

A

Main wireless interface for connecting computers to local area networks

64
Q

Dial-Up Internet

A

Over existing phone lines

65
Q

DSl

A

Digital subscriber line; copper like dial up but for data only

66
Q

Fiber

A

Fiberoptic cables; sends pulses of light

67
Q

When did the term new media become big?

A

the 1990s

68
Q

First permanent form of communication

A

Cave painting

New Media (15 decks)

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