Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

State

A
  • internationally recognized

- legitimate political unit

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2
Q

Nation

A
  • political community based on common culture

- shared aspirations for a distinct nation

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3
Q

Nation-state

A

A state which embodies at least one whole nation

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4
Q

Sovereignty

A

The ability to be independent of another state/nation?

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5
Q

Transnationalism

A

When international forces and actors cross national boundaries

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6
Q

Integration

A

The process of people or countries or corporations being brought together

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7
Q

Two examples of intetgration

A

Economic integration: a trade agreement
Political integration: shared government; the soviet union was a politically integrated system, Russia gained autonomy when it fell apart

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8
Q

Interdependency

A

A political, economic, or military relationship in which countries are dependent on each other to deal with problems and achieve their objectives

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9
Q

Dependency theory

A

Explains power imbalance between economically developed and underdeveloped countries

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10
Q

Civil society

A

The community of people in a given country or more than one country (used to distinguish between the people as a community and the government)

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11
Q

Non-state actors

A

Working for the state, but not part of the state; in the form of individuals, groups, or corporations

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12
Q

Types of Non-Governmental orginizations

A

Organizations established by non state actors; they are not managed by the government

  • Advocacy
  • Service
  • Religious
  • Transnational Terrorist
  • Transnational criminal
  • Economic
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13
Q

Global Governance

A

The growing of systems of governance around the world designed to mediate interests of governmental and non-governmental actors

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14
Q

Integration

A

The process of bringing constituent units into an association, society, or orginization

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15
Q

Interdependency

A

Constituent units with mutual objectives in a political/socioeconomic relationship whose actions have direct consequence on the others

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16
Q

Dependency

A

imbalanced relationship where one state depends on another to achieve its objectives

17
Q

Globalizations

A

Processes where human activity occurs at an increasingly global level

18
Q

What is the difference between natural processes and unnatural processes of globalization?

A

Natural: Results from advances in technology, and migration
Unnatural: facilitated by creation of international instituations

19
Q

2 examples of backlash of globalization:

A
  • WWI

- 9-11

20
Q

“Globalization” can describe 4 things:

A
  • Integration of Systems globally; political, economic, and cultural
  • Process of advancements in technology, communication and travel
  • Condition of increased movement of people and power of non-state actors
  • Age of cultural transformation
21
Q

Benjamin Barber

A
  • Political theorist and author
  • wrote Jihad vs. McWorld
  • “English has become the universal language”
  • a pendulum swings between materialism and spiritualism/humanism/ethnocentrism
22
Q

Francis Fukuyama

A
  • Political scientist/economist and author

- “Homogenization will create cosmopolitan, cultural norms that reflect many good values and rights”

23
Q

Samuel P. Huntington

A
  • Political scientist, academic

- Islamic and Western cultures are clashing, both seeking triumph over the other

24
Q

Eras of Globalization

A

First Wave: Prior to European conquests in 1400s
Second Wave: During European conquests (1400s-1800s)
Third Wave: During Industrial revolution and emergence of international institutions (1870-1945)
Fourth Wave: During decolonization (1945-present)
Fifth Wave: Future

25
Q

Power transition theory

A

The degree of power that a country has will rise and fall over time within the country, and in a global context

26
Q

Empire

A

A country with colonies

27
Q

Hedgemon

A

A dominant country

28
Q

Power

A

The ability to compell or constrain others (individuals, groups, nations) to behave in ways they wouldn’t choose without the influence of power

29
Q

Three important constituents of power:

A
  • economic
  • military
  • political
30
Q

Three types of the leadership of counrties:

A
  • Structural
  • Institutional
  • Situational
31
Q

Structural leadership

A

Control of economic resources, military power, technology; enables a small group to shape international system

32
Q

Instituaitonal leadership

A

Ability to determine rules, principles, procedures, and practices of global community

33
Q

Situational leadership

A

Ability to seize opportunities to influence others, and to build or re-orient the global system

34
Q

Imperial overstretch

A

The disparity between countries’ ambitions and their resources to fulfill those ambitions

35
Q

4 words for excessive pride

A
  • Tribalism
  • Nationalism
  • Chauvanism
  • Hubris
36
Q

Strategies for maintaining power (three)

A
  • engagement
  • binding
  • containment
37
Q

Democratic enlargement

A

Challengers are restrained when they internalize values/beliefs/norms articulated by the dominant power

38
Q

Offshore balancing

A

Making sure power is evenly distributed among countries in a region

39
Q

4 types of majority

A
  • plurality
  • simple majority
  • substantial majority
  • unanimitty