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Understanding the Bible > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

3 divisions of the Jewish scripture:

A

Torah
Prophets
The Writings

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2
Q

Examples from Torah

A

Genesis
Exodus
Leviticus

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3
Q

Examples from Prophets

A

Joshua
Judges
Ruth
1&2 Samuel

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4
Q

Examples from The Writings

A

Esther
Job
Psalms

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5
Q

Divisions of Content

A

Etiologies (creation stories)
The Patriarchs
Mosaic Covenant

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6
Q

Documentary hypothesis

A

Torah contains material from four different sources, which have been closely woven together into one, composite text. These four sources from different periods in Israel’s history account for differences in style, the names of God, the duplication of stories, and other textual inconsistencies.

J – Yahwhist: Earliest Traditions & Texts
E – Elohist
D – Deuteronomist
P – Priestly (Latest) – Final Editor of the Torah

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7
Q

Author of Torah

A

Moses

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8
Q

In what sense was Moses the author?

A
  1. Moses is the writer/scribe
  2. He is the authorized interpreter and teacher of God’s ways
  3. He is the lawgiver, meaning Moses was the mediator between God and his people
  4. God is the author of the “internal Torah”: God’s divine wisdom
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9
Q

Etiology

A

Stories on the origins of various aspects of reality, including the universe, humans, evil, human misery, painful childbirth…

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10
Q

Transcendence

A

Beyond finite understanding or reality

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11
Q

Cosmology

A

Account of the origins of the cosmos (universe, world, reality in its totality)

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12
Q

Creation Stories: Compare/contrast the 2 creation narratives, focusing on essential details and the portrayal of God, humans, and the world.

A

In Genesis 1, God seems all powerful. When he makes humans he makes them in His image and tells them to multiply and rule over the creatures
In Genesis 2, Adam and Eve are created and try to be like God, but disobey him

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13
Q

Humans as imago dei (2+ interpretations)

A

Genesis 1: God creates male and female and gives them dominion over the earth
Genesis 2: God creates Adam as an individual

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14
Q

How are humans to honor God in the two stories?

A

Genesis 1 story: Be fruitful and multiply and rule over all of the creatures
Genesis 2 story: Hearing and obeying God’s commands

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15
Q

How are gender roles and sexual difference portrayed in the two stories?

A

Genesis 1: In Genesis 1 he doesn’t make a distinction between man and woman
Genesis 2: Man was made from the dust of the ground and woman was made from mans rib. Man leaves his mother and father and unites as one flesh with his wife.

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16
Q

Description of the essence of the Abrahamic covenant

A

Everlasting vow of love and solidarity that establishes Abraham’s family and descendants as a people “set apart” for the Lord

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17
Q

Elements of the Abrahamic covenant:

A
  1. Binding and Everlasting vow
  2. Solidarity: “I will be your God, and you will be my people”
  3. Blessing: Give life
  4. Unilateral foundation: The Lord initiates and sets the terms of the covenant (it’s not a negotiation)
  5. Bilateral expectations: Both parties have obligations to fulfill-the people and the Lord
  6. New identity:
    Abram-Abraham
    Sarai-Sarah
    I am a child of Abraham; The Lord will be identified (in part) with the behavior of His people
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18
Q

Abrahamic religion – detailed description of the essence and elements of Abrahamic religion

A

Call:

  • Sacrifice and leave home and family
  • New future life with new family and new land
  • Faith to trust the Lord
  • Mediation: The Lord leads the people through Abraham

Promise to Bless:
-Child, land, authority, people, everyone

Ritual:

  • Circumcision
  • Altars
  • Animal Sacrifice
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19
Q

Abraham

A

Husband to Sarah, father of Ishmael and Isaac, slept with Hagar, was named Abram

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20
Q

Sarah

A

Couldn’t have a son, laughed when told she would have one, was named Sarai

21
Q

Isaac

A

Almost sacrificed by his dad, half brother of Ishmael

22
Q

Laughter story

A

Sarah laughed when God told her that she would have a child because she did not trust God and thought it was absurd, then she denied laughing out of fear of the Lord.

23
Q

In the laughter and binding stories, the covenant with Abraham borders on the absurd. Explain. What do these stories tell us about who God is and what God desires?

A

He requires a big commitment to the faith and desires obedience and holiness; It was absurd because Abraham and Sarai were too old to have children so it required a lot of faith for them

24
Q

What are the social and political conditions of Abraham’s descendants in Egypt?

A

The Egyptians enslaved them and they have no political standing

25
Q

As ruler of Egypt, what are Pharaoh’s main concerns and interests? How does he address them?

A

He is threatened by the number of Israelites and thinks they are more powerful. He makes them work for his benefit and kills the Jewish boys

26
Q

Why does the Lord re-enter the life of Abraham’s descendants in Egypt? What does it tell us about the Lord’s character and commitments?

A

Because God heard their groaning and remembered the covenant of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob
God is loyal

27
Q

Who saves the children of Abraham from genocide? By what means? What are the consequences?

A

Moses saves them after the plagues, which made Pharaoh decide to let them go

28
Q

How does the Lord call and reveal himself to Moses? To what end? What is Moses’ back-story?

A

God talked to Moses through the burning bush. Moses was put in a basket by his mother to save him from Pharaoh killing all of the Jewish baby boys

29
Q

List the ways that the Lord remembers/honors the covenant within the Exodus story

A
  • He saves the people from the oppression of Pharaoh
  • He passes over the houses and kills the firstborns
  • He reveals that “I am the Lord” with his power to judge and destroy and his power to save and give life
30
Q

What does the Lord demand of Pharaoh? How does the Lord make his will known to Pharaoh?

A

That he let the Jewish people go. He gives the Egyptians plagues to show his power

31
Q

How does Pharaoh respond? How does the Lord respond? How would you characterize the ensuing conflict?

A

He says no at first, but then after the plague of the firstborn he changes his mind. God kills Pharaoh and all of his men at the Red Sea.

32
Q

List the plagues in order

A
  1. Water into blood
  2. Frogs
  3. Lice
  4. Flies
  5. Diseased livestock
  6. Boils
  7. Thunderstorm of hail and fire
  8. Locusts
  9. Darkness
  10. Death of firstborn
33
Q

What is the Passover of the Lord?

A

The angel of death came and killed the firstborn of the houses that didn’t have lambs blood over the door frame.

34
Q

How are the people of God to remember the Passover?

A
  • Ritual meal of lamb, unleavened bread, and bitter herbs
  • Attire: loins girded and sandals tied (ready to go)
  • Lambs’ blood on door frame (sign of covenant, which saves them)
  • Seder meal
  • Consecration of the heads of all Israelite families
35
Q

Describe the final act of Pharaoh’s conflict with the Lord. Does it remind you of the first creation story?

A

The plagues are structured into water, land, and air which corresponds to the days of creation

36
Q

Names of God and what they reveal about God:

A
  • I am: He cannot be named and he is the most fundamentally real
  • I am who I am
  • YHWH (in the Bible it is LORD)
  • God of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob
37
Q

What does God “call” (asks of) Moses to do/be?

A

Mediate the message of the commandments to the people

38
Q

Passover Event: Principal actor

A

God

39
Q

Passover Event: Events

A
  • God saves Israelites from suffering from Pharaoh and the Egyptians
  • God passes over the houses of Egypt and Israel, kills firstborns and shields Israelites
40
Q

Passover Event: Significance

A
  • God reveals that “I am the Lord”
  • Has power to judge and destroy to those who don’t fear Him
  • Has power to save and give life to his people
41
Q

Passover Ritual: Principal Actors

A

Modern people of Israel

42
Q

Passover Ritual: Events

A
  • Ritual meal of lamb, unleavened bread, and bitter herbs
  • Attire: loins girded and sandals tied (ready to go)
  • Lambs’ blood on door frame (sign of covenant, which saves them)
43
Q

Passover Ritual: Significance

A

To remember that God is all powerful and merciful

44
Q

The 10 Commandments

A
  1. You shall have no other gods before Me.
  2. You shall not make idols.
  3. You shall not take the name of the LORD your God in vain.
  4. Remember the Sabbath day, to keep it holy.
  5. Honor your father and your mother.
  6. You shall not murder.
  7. You shall not commit adultery.
  8. You shall not steal.
  9. You shall not bear false witness against your neighbor.
  10. You shall not covet.
45
Q

The 2 “Tables”

A

1st Table: Commandments 1-4 are commandments about how we should treat God
2nd Table: Commandments 5-10 are commandments about how we should treat each other

46
Q

Henotheism

A

Believing in a single god but accepting the possibility of other gods

47
Q

Describe how rituals in general work

A
  • Consecrating elements of normal life for a holy purpose

- To honor the memory and presence of the divine within human life

48
Q

Areas governed by Israelite rituals

A

Worship and health

49
Q

2 Mosaic ritual elements (besides Passover): practice and meaning

A
  1. Menstruation
  2. Leprosy
    Practice: You must stay away from community at these times
    Meaning: You are thought to be unclean

Understanding the Bible (2 decks)

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