Midterm Flashcards
8 countries in SA
Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka
SA geographically located bt
Himalayas & Indian Ocean, Hindu Kush & Iran, Bay of Bengal & Myanmar
capitals of 8 SA countries
Kabul, Dhaka, Thimphu, New Delhi, Male, Kathmandu, Islamabad, Colombo
India’s political system
parliamentary system
6 national parties of India
Indian National Congress, Bhartiya Janata Part, Bahujan Samaj Party, Samajwadi Party, Communist Party of India, Communist Party of India (Marxist)
recent Delhi State election
Aam Aadmi Party (CMP) won 67/70 seats & BJP (India’s ruling party) won 3/70
3 leading political parties of Pakistan
Pakistan Muslim League (Nawaz) or PML (N), Pakistan People’s Party (PPP), Pakistan Movement of Justice or Pakistan Tehrik Insaaf (PTI)
India’s founding father
Mahatma Gandhi
Pakistan’s founding father
Muhammad Ali Jinnah
after India’s independence, 1st PM
Jawaharlal Nehru
only daughter of PM Nehru, assassinated by body guards on the way to her office building in 1984
Indira Gandhi
eldest son of Indira Gandhi, became India’s PM after his mother’s death, he was assassinated by female Tamil human bomber during election rally in 1991
Rajiv Gandhi
independent movement led by these 2 political parties b4 1947
Indian National Congress & All-India Muslim League
3 periods of Indian history
Hindu, Muslim, British
SA regional cooperation organization founded in 1985
South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC)
In the Kashmir dispute for territory of NW SA, India controls 43%, called _____ & _______, & Pakistan controls 37%, called ____ _______.
Jammu & Kashmir, Azad Kashmir
3 regions of India
vast plains of N India, Deccan Plateau, S India
Indian traditional language
Sanskrit
Indian parliament consists of
Rajya Sabha (Council of States) & Lok Sabha (House of the Ppl)
widow of PM Rajiv Gandhi, president of Indian National Congress, has not become PM bc she was born in Italy in 1946
Sonia Gandhi
Sonia Gandhi’s son, general secretary of Indian National Congress
Rahul Gandhi
became India’s PM after BJP won general election in 2014, former chief minister of Gujarat & blamed for failing to prevent Hindu-Muslim riots, praised for successful economic policies in the State
Narendra Modi
literal meaning of Pakistan
Land of the Pure
founder of PPP in 1967, became president of Pakistan after dismemberment of Pakistan in 1971, hanged in prison for murder after military coup in 1979
Zulfikar Ali Bhutto
daughter of Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, became president of PPP & became PM in 1988-1990, assassinated during election campaign in 2008
Benazir Bhutto
since 1947, 6 guidelines for SA’s political development
Geo-political asymmetry & Imbalance of Regional Power, Communalism & Sectarian Politics, Overlapping of State-building & Nation-building, transformation from traditional society to modern society, multi-party system & alliance politics, federalism & coalition govt
after independence in 1947, Pakistan had 3 constitutions (1956, 1962, 1973). differences:
1956 based on parliamentary system, 1962 based on presidential system, 1973 again based on parliamentary system
2 great Hindu scriptures & 2 great epics
The Veda & The Darshanas, The Ramayana & the Mahabharata
4 castes & their social functions
Brahmins (priests), Kshatriyas (warriors), Vaishyas (traders), Sudras (menials)
3 principles guiding India’s political process
values of liberal democracy, ideals of democratic socialism, principles of secular nationalism
2 schools of Muslim nationalism; what has each advocated in building an Islamic republic in Pakistan?
Religious Islamists- enforcement of Islamic law & practices in various fields of national life, severing ties w/ western society & culture, restructuring Pakistan in accordance w/ what an Islamic state should be.
Secular Nationalists- restricting the role of Islam in a Muslim state, developing modern state along secularist lines of the West.
achievements of Mughal rulers
established a stable & centralized administration directed from Lahore, Agra, & Delhi; achieved political stability in history of Muslim India; Persian-speaking rulers patronized Urdu written in Persian script
major heritages of British rule in India
British established control over India in 1858, achieving territorial integration & a centralized administration.
English language used in administrative, judiciary, & education institutions, brought Indian upper classes in contact w/ western civilizations, injecting it into India’s ancient civilization.
democratic ideals of liberty, equality, & social justice took root among Indian intellectuals.
historic importance of Lahore Resolution
Muslim League adopted resolution at annual meeting at Lahore in 1940 calling 4 creation of separate Muslim state; after, the sentiment for dividing British India grew rapidly.
5 major politically significant ethnic groups in Pakistan & where they live
Punjabis (Punjab Province), Sindhis (Sindh Province), Baloch (Balochistan), Pakhtuns (NW Frontier Province), Muhajirs (urban areas, particularly Karachi)
Why did the Pakistan Tehrik (Pakistan Movement of Justice) developed into 2nd largest party in 2013 national election?
- Cricketer turned politician Imran Khan led Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf under slogan “Change”
- Pakistan Movement for Justice (PTI) social democratic & radical political movement, claims to represent all Pakistanis regardless of feligion, ethnicity, language, or residence.
- aims to create a secular, democratic welfare state
- PTI promotes nationalist agenda, arguing that terrorism extremism & radicalization have increased since Pakistan joined the War on Terror
Why did AAM (CMP) win almost all 70 seats in the recent election in India’s Delhi State?
- AAP emerged from nation-wide anti-corruption movement; party’s leader one of popular leaders in the movement; party advocated “clean hands” anti-graft agenda
- young idealistic party concerned w/ local needs (clean water, electricity, free WiFi, public toilets, professional edu, security for women)
