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South Asia > 2nd Midterm > Flashcards

2nd Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

capital of Afghanistan

A

Kabul

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2
Q

capital of Bangladesh

A

Dhaka

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3
Q

capital of Nepal

A

Kathmandu

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4
Q

Capital of Sri Lanka

A

Sri Jayawardenapura Kotte

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5
Q

“Bangladesh” means

A

“country of Bengal”

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6
Q

Bangladesh’s political culture/heritage experienced these 4 periods

A

Hindu/Buddhist, Muslim, British, Pakistani

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7
Q

earliest record of Bangladesh region 10th century

A

Ramacharitam by Sandhyakaranandi

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8
Q

2 largest cities in Blangladesh

A

Dhaka, Chittagong

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9
Q

preeminent leader & 1st PM of Bangladesh Awami League (liberation movement)

A

Mujibur Rahman

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10
Q

current party leader of Bangladesh Awami League

A

Sheikh Hasina Wajid

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11
Q

founder of Bangladesh National Party

A

Ziaur Rahman

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12
Q

current party leader of Bangladesh National Party

A

Begum Khaleda Zia

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13
Q

3 leading political parties of Nepal

A

Napali Congress, Unified Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist), Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist-Leninist)

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14
Q

In Nepal, Shah dynasty lasted 240 yrs, from

A

1768 to 2008

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15
Q

1st king to unify Kathmandu valley

A

Prithvi Narayan Shah

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16
Q

birth place of lord Gautam Buddha in Nepal, one of holiest places of Buddhism in the world

A

Lumbini

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17
Q

Sushil Koirala

A

incumbent PM of Coalition Gov in Nepal, leader of Nepali Congress, 4th member of Koirla family to be PM

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18
Q

May 28, 2008 Nepal’s constitution altered by Constituent Assembly made the country

A

secular republic instead of Hindu Kingdom

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19
Q

last king of Nepal

A

Gyanendra Shah

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20
Q

2 countries located b/t China & India

A

Bhutan & Nepal

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21
Q

2 island countries

A

Sri Lanka & Maldives

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22
Q

3 land-locked countries

A

Afghanistan, Bhutan, Nepal

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23
Q

incumbent pres of Afghanistan

A

Ashraf Ghani

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24
Q

incumbent pres of Afghanistan

A

Ashraf Ghani

25
exec officer of Afghanistan
Abdulah Abdulah
26
ruled Afghanistan from 1996-2001; leader
Taliban; Mullah Omar
27
established terrorist bases in Afghanistan; leader
al-Qaeda; Osama bin Laden
28
Afghanistan's majority ethnic group, 40 % of pop.
Pashtun
29
last king of Afghanistan, 1933-1973
Zahir Shah
30
invaded Afghanistan in 1979, lasted 10 yrs w/ 1M deaths, most of them civilian
Soviet Union
31
After Taliban regime, new Afghan govmt. formed. ___ est. by UN Sec. Council to help the new govmt. & provide basic sec. to the ppl.
International Security Assistance Force (ISAF)
32
2 main ethnic groups of Sri Lanka
Sinhala & Tamils
33
Ceylon became independent from UK w/ Dominion status in 1948; name changed to ___ in 1972
Sri Lanka
34
1st female PM in the world, became PM of Sri Lanka in 1960
Sirimavo Bandaranaike
35
Sri Lanka called this bc of its geographical shape & location
tear drop of India
36
Sri Lanka called this bc of its natural beauty
"Pearl of the Indian Ocean"
37
civil war b/t Sinhalese dominated govm. & Tamil separatists 1983-2009. separatist Tamil org. called __
Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE)
38
regional cooperation organization est. in SA 1985; full name:
South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation
39
As of Jan 15, Pres. of Sri Lanka
Maithripala Sirisena
40
only country under unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy in SA
Bhutan
41
2 leading political parties of Bangladesh
Awami League & Bangladesh National Party
42
2 leading political parties of Nepal
Nepali Congress & Unified Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist)
43
2 leading political parties of Sri Lanka
United National Party & Sri Lanka Freedom Party
44
SLFP & UNP in Sri Lanka have each created their own coalitions bc they cannot gain parliamentary majorities
United People's Freedom Alliance (Sri Lanka Freedom Party) & United National Front (United National Party)
45
3 political transformations in Nepal since overthrow of Rana Regime in 1951 (led by Nepali Congress)
1951-1990 Absolute Monarchy 1991-2008 Parliamentary Monarchy 2008-now Federal Democratic Republic
46
official name of Afghanistan
The Islamic Republic of Afghanistan
47
official name of Bangladesh
The People's Republic of Bangladesh
48
official name of Nepal
The Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal
49
official name of Sri Lanka
The Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka
50
During Muslim period, Bangladesh rulers were outsiders. What is the cultural feature of Bangladesh now?
mixture of Hindu, Buddhist, Muslim religions, w/ Islam becoming dominant
51
3 transformations of Bangladesh's political institution
Constitution of 1972 based on Parliamentary system Amendments to the Constitution in 1975 based on Presidential system Constitution of 1991, back to Parliamentary system
52
political tragedy Nepal 2001
Royal Massacre; Crown Prince Dipendra shot & killed his father, King Birendra, his mother, Queen Aishwarya, & several other royal family members. Then he shot himself & committed suicide.
53
defining feature of Sri Lankan politics since independence in 1948
politics reflect historical/political differences b/t 2 main ethnic groups: maj. Sinhala (dominant in national political life) & min. Tamils (concentrated in NE of the island
54
main features of Sri Lankan legal system
reflects diverse cultural influences; criminal law is fundamentally British; basic civil law is Roman-Dutch, but laws pertaining to marriage, divorce, & inheritance are communal
55
define Sri Lankan party system
multi-party system dominated by socialist Sri Lanks Freedom Party & conservative United National Party
56
fundamental causes of Bangladesh liberation movement
1) Geographic/thnic gaps (E/W Pakistan separated by 1000 miles & are ethnically different) 2) immediate issue: national language (Pakistani leadership decided to make Urdu the sole national language) 3) dispute over power sharing in national govmt. b/t 2 wings of Pakistan 4) Economically, E Pakistan maj. foreign exchange earner, but only small % reinvested back in E Pakistan 5) Bengali nationalism came to the forefront of E Pakistan's political culture.
57
Why has SAARC made slow progress in promoting regional cooperation/integration in SA?
1) political/military rivalry b/t leading countries (India & Pakistan) 2) mutual suspicion/untrusting (Asymmetry & Indo-centrism: India seen as trying to dominate the org., while India concerned abt joint agenda of neighbors targeting them) 3) all members have developing economies (primarily trade w/ outside countries instead of w/in SA) 4) BIMSTEC created in 1997. SAARC members agreed to create free trade area, framework signed in 2004. BIMSTEC overshadowing SAARC
58
since 1947, 6 guidelines for SA's political development
geo-political asymmetry & imbalance of regional power communalism & sectarian politics overlapping of state & nation building traditional to modern society multi-party system & alliance politics federalism & coalition govmt.

South Asia (2 decks)

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