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South Asia > 2nd Midterm > Flashcards

2nd Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

capital of Afghanistan

A

Kabul

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2
Q

capital of Bangladesh

A

Dhaka

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3
Q

capital of Nepal

A

Kathmandu

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4
Q

Capital of Sri Lanka

A

Sri Jayawardenapura Kotte

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5
Q

“Bangladesh” means

A

“country of Bengal”

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6
Q

Bangladesh’s political culture/heritage experienced these 4 periods

A

Hindu/Buddhist, Muslim, British, Pakistani

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7
Q

earliest record of Bangladesh region 10th century

A

Ramacharitam by Sandhyakaranandi

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8
Q

2 largest cities in Blangladesh

A

Dhaka, Chittagong

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9
Q

preeminent leader & 1st PM of Bangladesh Awami League (liberation movement)

A

Mujibur Rahman

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10
Q

current party leader of Bangladesh Awami League

A

Sheikh Hasina Wajid

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11
Q

founder of Bangladesh National Party

A

Ziaur Rahman

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12
Q

current party leader of Bangladesh National Party

A

Begum Khaleda Zia

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13
Q

3 leading political parties of Nepal

A

Napali Congress, Unified Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist), Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist-Leninist)

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14
Q

In Nepal, Shah dynasty lasted 240 yrs, from

A

1768 to 2008

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15
Q

1st king to unify Kathmandu valley

A

Prithvi Narayan Shah

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16
Q

birth place of lord Gautam Buddha in Nepal, one of holiest places of Buddhism in the world

A

Lumbini

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17
Q

Sushil Koirala

A

incumbent PM of Coalition Gov in Nepal, leader of Nepali Congress, 4th member of Koirla family to be PM

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18
Q

May 28, 2008 Nepal’s constitution altered by Constituent Assembly made the country

A

secular republic instead of Hindu Kingdom

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19
Q

last king of Nepal

A

Gyanendra Shah

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20
Q

2 countries located b/t China & India

A

Bhutan & Nepal

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21
Q

2 island countries

A

Sri Lanka & Maldives

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22
Q

3 land-locked countries

A

Afghanistan, Bhutan, Nepal

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23
Q

incumbent pres of Afghanistan

A

Ashraf Ghani

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24
Q

incumbent pres of Afghanistan

A

Ashraf Ghani

25
Q

exec officer of Afghanistan

A

Abdulah Abdulah

26
Q

ruled Afghanistan from 1996-2001; leader

A

Taliban; Mullah Omar

27
Q

established terrorist bases in Afghanistan; leader

A

al-Qaeda; Osama bin Laden

28
Q

Afghanistan’s majority ethnic group, 40 % of pop.

A

Pashtun

29
Q

last king of Afghanistan, 1933-1973

A

Zahir Shah

30
Q

invaded Afghanistan in 1979, lasted 10 yrs w/ 1M deaths, most of them civilian

A

Soviet Union

31
Q

After Taliban regime, new Afghan govmt. formed. ___ est. by UN Sec. Council to help the new govmt. & provide basic sec. to the ppl.

A

International Security Assistance Force (ISAF)

32
Q

2 main ethnic groups of Sri Lanka

A

Sinhala & Tamils

33
Q

Ceylon became independent from UK w/ Dominion status in 1948; name changed to ___ in 1972

A

Sri Lanka

34
Q

1st female PM in the world, became PM of Sri Lanka in 1960

A

Sirimavo Bandaranaike

35
Q

Sri Lanka called this bc of its geographical shape & location

A

tear drop of India

36
Q

Sri Lanka called this bc of its natural beauty

A

“Pearl of the Indian Ocean”

37
Q

civil war b/t Sinhalese dominated govm. & Tamil separatists 1983-2009. separatist Tamil org. called __

A

Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE)

38
Q

regional cooperation organization est. in SA 1985; full name:

A

South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation

39
Q

As of Jan 15, Pres. of Sri Lanka

A

Maithripala Sirisena

40
Q

only country under unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy in SA

A

Bhutan

41
Q

2 leading political parties of Bangladesh

A

Awami League & Bangladesh National Party

42
Q

2 leading political parties of Nepal

A

Nepali Congress & Unified Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist)

43
Q

2 leading political parties of Sri Lanka

A

United National Party & Sri Lanka Freedom Party

44
Q

SLFP & UNP in Sri Lanka have each created their own coalitions bc they cannot gain parliamentary majorities

A

United People’s Freedom Alliance (Sri Lanka Freedom Party) & United National Front (United National Party)

45
Q

3 political transformations in Nepal since overthrow of Rana Regime in 1951 (led by Nepali Congress)

A

1951-1990 Absolute Monarchy
1991-2008 Parliamentary Monarchy
2008-now Federal Democratic Republic

46
Q

official name of Afghanistan

A

The Islamic Republic of Afghanistan

47
Q

official name of Bangladesh

A

The People’s Republic of Bangladesh

48
Q

official name of Nepal

A

The Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal

49
Q

official name of Sri Lanka

A

The Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka

50
Q

During Muslim period, Bangladesh rulers were outsiders. What is the cultural feature of Bangladesh now?

A

mixture of Hindu, Buddhist, Muslim religions, w/ Islam becoming dominant

51
Q

3 transformations of Bangladesh’s political institution

A

Constitution of 1972 based on Parliamentary system
Amendments to the Constitution in 1975 based on Presidential system
Constitution of 1991, back to Parliamentary system

52
Q

political tragedy Nepal 2001

A

Royal Massacre; Crown Prince Dipendra shot & killed his father, King Birendra, his mother, Queen Aishwarya, & several other royal family members. Then he shot himself & committed suicide.

53
Q

defining feature of Sri Lankan politics since independence in 1948

A

politics reflect historical/political differences b/t 2 main ethnic groups: maj. Sinhala (dominant in national political life) & min. Tamils (concentrated in NE of the island

54
Q

main features of Sri Lankan legal system

A

reflects diverse cultural influences; criminal law is fundamentally British; basic civil law is Roman-Dutch, but laws pertaining to marriage, divorce, & inheritance are communal

55
Q

define Sri Lankan party system

A

multi-party system dominated by socialist Sri Lanks Freedom Party & conservative United National Party

56
Q

fundamental causes of Bangladesh liberation movement

A

1) Geographic/thnic gaps (E/W Pakistan separated by 1000 miles & are ethnically different)
2) immediate issue: national language (Pakistani leadership decided to make Urdu the sole national language)
3) dispute over power sharing in national govmt. b/t 2 wings of Pakistan
4) Economically, E Pakistan maj. foreign exchange earner, but only small % reinvested back in E Pakistan
5) Bengali nationalism came to the forefront of E Pakistan’s political culture.

57
Q

Why has SAARC made slow progress in promoting regional cooperation/integration in SA?

A

1) political/military rivalry b/t leading countries (India & Pakistan)
2) mutual suspicion/untrusting (Asymmetry & Indo-centrism: India seen as trying to dominate the org., while India concerned abt joint agenda of neighbors targeting them)
3) all members have developing economies (primarily trade w/ outside countries instead of w/in SA)
4) BIMSTEC created in 1997. SAARC members agreed to create free trade area, framework signed in 2004. BIMSTEC overshadowing SAARC

58
Q

since 1947, 6 guidelines for SA’s political development

A

geo-political asymmetry & imbalance of regional power
communalism & sectarian politics
overlapping of state & nation building
traditional to modern society
multi-party system & alliance politics
federalism & coalition govmt.

South Asia (2 decks)

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