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Chemistry > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

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0
Q

Conversion factors:
____ cm = ____ m
____ g= _____ kg
____ mL=____L

A

100 cm = 1 m
1000 g= 1 Kg
1000 mL= 1 L

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1
Q

Difference between accuracy and precision?

A

Accuracy-How close to actual value

Precision- how close together values are

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2
Q

Law Of Conservation of Matter

A

In a chemical reaction mass is not gained or destroyed

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3
Q

Law of definite proportions

A

Atoms of the same element can combine in more than one ratio to another element to form different compounds

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4
Q

Law of definite composition

A

A chemical compound always contains the same element in the same proportion regardless of where it comes from

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5
Q

John DALTON

A

Developed 1st atomic theory. 4 postulates

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6
Q

JJ Thompson

A

Discovered electrons

Plum Pudding Model

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7
Q

Ernest Rutherford

A

Gold Foil Experiment

Concluded Atom had price nucleus and is surrounded by electrons

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8
Q

Bohr

A

Planetary Model

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9
Q

Schrodinger

A

Modern model

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10
Q

Atom

A

Smallest particle of an element that retains its properties

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11
Q

Atomic #

A

Equal to number of protons

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12
Q

Mass number

A

Protons + Neutrons

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13
Q

Isotope

A

Atoms that have the same number of protons but different number of neutrons

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14
Q

Average Atomic Mass

A

weighted average of the masses of all the isotopes of an element

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15
Q

Proton

A

+1 charge
Nucleus
Relative mass of 1

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16
Q

Electron

A

-1
Outside of Nucleus
Relative mass of 1

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17
Q

Neutron

A

Neutral charge
Nucleus
1/2000 (less than one)

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18
Q

Element

A

Made of one kind of atom can’t be broken down further

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19
Q

Example of element

A

Silver, Sulfur, Oxygen

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20
Q

Compound

A

2+ elements CHEMICALLY combined

21
Q

Example of Compound

A

H20, CO2, NaCl

22
Q

Mixture

A

2+ elements PHYSICALLY combined

23
Q

Example of Mixture

A

Trail Mix

24
Q

Heterogeneous Mixture

A

Different properties throughout, unevenly distributed EX Trail Mix

25
Q

Homogeneous Mixture

A

Similar properties throughout, evenly distributed. Called solution. EX: Kool Aid

26
Q

Covalent bonds made of?

A

Nonmetal + Nonmetal

27
Q

Ionic made of?

A

Metal + Nonmetal

28
Q

Location of Metals

A

Left Side

29
Q

Location of Nonmetal

A

Right side

30
Q

Location of Metalloids

A

Staircase

31
Q

Metal properties

A 
Form Cations
Malleable
Conduct heat/electricity
Ductile 
luster
Mostly solids
32
Q

Nonmetal properties

A

Form Anions
Poor Conductors
Brittle
Mostly gases

33
Q

Metalloids Properties

A

Form Anion and Cation
Share characteristics
Dull appearance
Semiconductors

34
Q

Ionization definition

A

Energy required to move one electron from an atom.

Higher IE=More difficult

35
Q

Ionization Energy across period

A

Increases

36
Q

Ionization Energy trend down a group

A

Decreases

37
Q

Atomic Radius Def.

A

Distance from center of atom go the edge.

38
Q

AR trend across period

A

Decrease

39
Q

AR trend down group

A

Increase

40
Q

Electronegativity

A

Ability of an atom to attract electrons when the atom is part of a compound

41
Q

Most electronegative element

A

F2

42
Q

Electro. trend across period

A

Increases

43
Q

EN trend down group

A

Decreases

44
Q

Alkali Properties

A

Silver, soft, very reactive, not found in nature, form +1 ions

45
Q

Halogen Properties

A

Most reactive NONMETALS, dif states of matter, form -1 ion

46
Q

Noble Gases Properties

A

Unreactive, all gases, form no ions

47
Q

Four signs of Chemical Change

A

Release of Gas
Color Change
Release of Energy (Heat/Light)
Formation of precipitate

48
Q

Prefixes

A 
1-Mono
2-Di
3-Tri
4-Tetra
5-Penta
6-Hexa
49
Q

I mole equals….

A
  1. 02 x 10^23

22. 4 Liters

Chemistry (3 decks)

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