Midterm Flashcards
0
Q
In ___, they adopted a program called “Conservation in Comfort)
A
1990- Consort Hotels
1
Q
Development which meets the needs of the needs of the present, without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs
A
Sustainable Development
2
Q
It talks by local naturalist, nature walks, a nature interpretation room and fresh whole food produce on the menu.
A
Go Green weekend
3
Q
In ___, they put together an environmental reference manual giving guidelines and instructions to staff on environmental management
A
1991
Inter-Continental Hotels Group
4
Q
In ___, they produced a revised manual “Environment Management for Hotels: The Industry Guide to Best Practice”
A
1992
The International Hotels Environment Initiative
5
Q
They launched “The Green Partnership Guide” which identifies environmental improvements on how they might lead to reduced operating costs
A
Canadian Pacific Hotels
6
Q
How many districts in Quezon?
A
4
7
Q
Cities in Quezon:
A
Lucena and Tayabas
8
Q
These cover a large area of mainly rural regions.
A
Regional rural projects
9
Q
Usually run by a single authority often in partnerships and covering a specific, generally politically defined area
A
Distinct wide projects
10
Q
Originated and run by local people, these take a bottom-up rather than a top-down approach.
A
Local community initiatives
11
Q
Includes town centre management, schemes, schemes set up to restore part of a historic city incorporating tourism objectives, environmental management in seaside resorts.
A
Urban/Single-site visitor management
12
Q
Means to assess whether an establishment is contributing to the conservation of ENR.
A
Tools for Sustainability
13
Q
This is known as BS 7750
A
Corporate Environmental Management
14
Q
This is known intentionally as ISO 14000/14001
A
Corporate environmental management
15
Q
The procedure entails an annual independent assessment of company environmental practice.
A
Corporate environmental management
16
Q
This is a project assessment of the adverse and beneficial impacts of a specific development used in the planning control system.
A
Environmental Impact Assessment
17
Q
The assessment covers the period from initial planning to post development.
A
Environmental impact assessment
18
Q
EIA vs EA
A
Auditing is different to EIA because it evaluates existing business practice rather than potential problems.
19
Q
The kit comprising a loose-leaf binder containing six sections on aspects of environmental management;
A
Environmental Auditing
Health Purchasing Energy transport Waste Local environment
20
Q
Sustainable means that something can go on for a period of time
A
Environmental policies and statements
21
Q
The issue of sustainable development has been brought to attention of the international community in the early ____
A
1970s
22
Q
__ principles that guides the international community in protecting the environment including mankind’s right to a high quality environment and the responsibility to preserve it
A
UNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE ON THE HUMAN ENVIRONMENT
Stockholm conference, June 1972
23
Q
Comprehensive plan of action for the sustainable development to be taken globally, nationally and locally by organisations of the UN, governments and major groups.
A
UNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE ON ENVIRONMENT AND DEVELOPMENT (Earth Summit)
Rio de Janeiro, June 1992
Agenda 21
24
MRA
Mutual Recognition Agreement (10 members)
25
Produced the MDGs
UN Millennium Declaration of September 2000
| Millennium Summit
26
MDG
Millennium Development Goals
27
Requires the Environmental Impact assessment (EIA) be conducted prior to the commencement of any activity that can have significant impact on the environment.
Presidential Decree No. 1151
28
Provides for guidelines and strengthens the implementation of the Philippine EIA systems.
DENR Administrative Order No. 96-37
29
It provides that EIA system covers activities to be carried out in ECAs such as national park, watershed reserve and wildlife preserves and sanctuaries
DENR Administrative Order No. 96-37
30
ECA
Environmentally Critical Areas
31
Prohibits hunting, destroying, disturbing or mere possession of any plants or animals or products derived in a protected area without permit from the protected area management board
Republic Act No. 7586
32
Other term for RA No. 7586
National Integrated Protected Areas System (NIPAS)
33
It finds areas
| It monitors areas
DENR
| NIPAS
34
Provides that proposals for ecotourism projects shall be submitted for review and evaluation by the NEC or REC.
Joint DENR-DOT Memorandum Circular No. 8-02 entitled Guidelines for Ecotourism Development in the Philippines
35
NEC
National Ecotourism Committee
36
REC
Regional Ecotourism Committee
37
It also requires the submission of and initial EIA, and a more detailed EMP when the proposal is accepted
Joint DENR-DOT Memorandum Circular No. 8-02 entitled Guidelines for Ecotourism Development in the Philippines
38
EMP
Ecotourism Master Plan
39
UNCED
United Nations Conference on Environment and Development
40
Other term for Agenda 21
Earth Summit
41
Where Agenda 21 took place and when?
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in June 1992
42
The largest-ever world meeting brought Heads of State and government officials together with international organizations and representatives of NGOs from around the world
Agenda 21
43
A 700 page global plan of action as a result of the Earth Summit: it represents consensus reached by 178 States on how we can secure OUR future.
Agenda 21
44
It is like a blueprint (green print) for global partnership aiming at a high quality environment and a healthy economy for all peoples of the planet.
Agenda 21
45
It addresses the critical issues we face as a global community: continuing damage to ecosystems, the worsening of poverty, hunger and ill health, increasing world population and illiteracy
Agenda 21
46
It is composed of 40 chapters that identify each challenge and propose simple realistic solutions toward sustainable development
Agenda 21
47
Parts of Agenda 21
Linking Society, Economy and Nature
How can we protect our resources?
Who can make a difference?
Where do we start?
48
This section focuses on the importance of international cooperation to implement and speed up our progress toward sustainable development
Linking Society, Economy and Nature
49
It stresses the necessity for the governments of each individual developed and developing country to implement new policies, laws and strategies aimed at socially responsible development. However, governments cannot do it alone, they will need to work with the private sector, non-governmental organizations and individuals
Linking Society, Economy and Nature
50
Chapters:
```
Preamble
Role of Trade
Combat Poverty
Changing Consumption patterns
Population dynamics
Protecting and promoting health
Sustainable Human settlements
Making decisions for sustainable development
Protecting the Atmosphere
Planning and Management of Land-use
Combatting Deforestation
Combatting desertification
Mountain Development
Agriculture and Rural Development
Conservation of Biodiversity
Sustainable Biotechnology
Protection of the oceans
Protecting and Managing water
Management of Toxic Chemicals
Hazardous wastes
Solid waste and sewage
Radioactive waste
Preamble
WOMEN
Children and Youth
Indigenous People
Non-Governmental organizations
Local authorities
Workers and trade unions
Business and Industry
Science and Technology
Farmers
Financial resources
Transfer of technology
Science for sustainable development
Education and Public Awareness
Creating capacity for sustainable development
International Institutional Arrangements
International law and mechanisms
Sharing information and data for decision-making
```
51
The Role of Trade:
Trade and environment should be mutually supportive since international economic relations and the economic policies of every country have great relevance to sustainable development
52
Poverty is caused by hunger, illiteracy, inadequate medical care, unemployment and population pressures. The poor need access to basic education and health care, safe water and sanitation, and to resources, especially land
Combatting Poverty
53
New concepts of wealth and prosperity which are more in harmony with the Earth's carrying capacity need to be developed, particularly in the industrialized countries. Individuals need to accept that they have chives when making decisions about their own consumption patterns
Changing consumption patterns
54
The world's population is expected to exceed 8 billion by the year 2020..
Population dynamics
55
Every year in the developing world, nearly 15 children under 15 die from infection and malnutrition. Human health depends on a healthy environment, clean water supply, sanitary waste disposal, adequate shelter and healthy food
Protecting and promoting health
56
Migration
Sustainable human settlements
57
By the year 2000, half the world's population will be living in cities. Governments should reduce migration to the big cities by improving rural living and see that the homeless get access to land, credit and low-cost buildings materials
Sustainable human settlements
58
There is a tendency to treat the environment as a "free good" and to pass the cost of environmental damage to other parts of society, other countries or future generations. Nations and corporate enterprises should integrate environmental protection and restoration costs in their decision-making
Making decisions for sustainable development
59
Our atmosphere is under increasing pressure from greenhouse gases that threaten to change the climates and chemicals that reduce the ozone layer.
Protecting the atmosphere
60
Greater energy efficiency out of existing power stations is needed as well as developing new, renewable energy sources while reducing on non-renewable sources of energy
Protecting the atmosphere
61
Increasing demand for land and it's natural resources is creating competition and conflicts. Sustainable use and management of land should include landscape ecological planning, traditional and indigenous land practices and the active participation in decision-making by people affected by land planning
Planning and management of land
62
There is a need for concerted international research and conservation efforts to control the harvesting of forests by promoting indigenous technologies and agroforestry and expanding the shrunken world-forest cover
Combatting deforestation
63
Desertification and drought result in poverty and starvation, which brings about more soil degradation. One of the major tools to fight the spread of deserts is the planting of trees and other plants that retain water and maintain soil quality
Combatting desertification
64
About 10% of the Earth's population live in mountain areas, while about 40% occupies watershed areas below. Measures are needed to protect mountain ecosystems from erosion, landslides and rapid loss of habitat, animals and plant life.
Mountain Development
65
The world's long-term ability to meet the growing demand for food and other agricultural products is uncertain. The priority must be to maintain and improve the capacity of agricultural lands with new technologies to support an expanding population
Agriculture and rural development
66
The use of biological resources to feed and clothe us, to provide us with housing and medicines accelerates the loss of bio-diversity. Urgent and decisive action is needed to conserve and maintain genes, species and ecosystems
Conservation of Biodiversity
67
The success of this programs depends on highly trained scientific professionals who use traditional knowledge and modern technology to change the genetic material in plants, animals and microbes an create new products, increase fertility and crop resistance, improve treatment of sewage
Sustainable biotechnology
68
Oceans are under increasing stress from pollution, overfishing and general degradation. Nations must control and reduce the pollution of the marine environ by and maintain its life support capacity
Protection of the oceans
69
In the developing world, one person in three lacks safe drinking water and sanitation, basic requirements for health and dignity. A cleanup of the most obvious sources of pollution is needed in order to have safe water and sanitation for all by the year 29125
Protecting and Managing water
70
There are presently no less than 100,000 commercial made chemicals. Countries need to develop and share expertise for a sound management of toxic chemicals and prevent illegal international traffic in toxic and dangerous products
Management of toxic chemicals
71
Developing countries have come under pressure to accept unpleasant imports of hazardous waste which pose a risk to people an the environment. Developed countries have an obligation to promote the transfer of spud technologies and reduce hazardous waste
Hazardous wastes
72
The use of radioactive substances is growing in nuclear power production of electricity, medicine, research and industry and so is the waste. It is important to training and financial support to developing countries that have nuclear programs to ensure safe and responsible management
Radioactive waste
73
Governments are urged to give girls equal access to education, to make healthcare systems responsive to women's needs and to bring women into full participation in social, cultural and public life.
Women
74
They make up nearly one-third of the world population. Governments are urged to combat abuse of the rights of youth, especially females in certain cultures and all children have access to education
Children and youth
75
They comprise about 4% of the world's population and their numbers are decreasing. Governments and international organizations should protect their rights and patrimony, recognize their traditional knowledge and resource management practices and enroll them in full global partnership
Indigenous people
76
They for a network in both developed and developing countries and play a vital role in the shaping and implementation of participatory democracy which is integral to the implementation of sustainable developmet
Non-Governmental Organization
77
Such as the municipal governments, should consult citizens and community, business and industrial groups on local programs, policies, laws and regulations to achieve Agenda 21's objectives
Local authorities
78
Workers will be among those most affected by the changes needed to achieve sustainable development. Through elected representatives, workers must be involved in promoting socially responsible economic development
Workers and trade unions
79
Responsible behavior in the private sector is a prerequisite to achieving sustainable development. Entrepreneurship can play a major role in improving the efficiency of resource use, minimizing wastes and protecting human health and environmental quality
Business and industry
80
Scientists and technologists have special responsibilities to search for knowledge and to help protect the biosphere
Science and technology
81
They are directly responsible for one third of the land surface of the Earth. They require economic and technical assistance that will encourage them to implement self- sufficient, low-input and low-energy agricultural practices. Women, who do much of the world's farming, should have access tenure and the use of land, to credits and technologies
Farmers
82
Developing nations need free trade and access to markets in order to achieve sustainable economic growth. Special attention should be given ti nations whose economies are in transition.
Financial resources
83
Scientific knowledge can help prevent shortages of energy, water and non-renewable resources. Developing countries should access environmentally-sound technology and know-how through a collaborative international network of laboratories.
Transfer of technology
84
In the face of threats of irreversible environmental damage, improved knowledge of the Earth's systems is crucial as well as integration of the natural, social and engineering sciences
Science for sustainable development
85
It gives people the environmental and ethical awareness, values, and attitudes, skills, and behavior needed for sustainable development because it must ultimately involve everyone, access to education must be increased for all children and adult illiteracy must be reduced
Education and public awareness
86
All countries share the need to strengthen national capabilities. Developing countries especially need to build their own capacity to implement Agenda 21 in cooperation with UN organizations, developed countries with each other
Creating capacity for sustainable development
87
A large responsibility for following-up with Agenda 21 rests with the United Nations orgamizations. It is recommended that the UN create a high-level Commission on Sustainable Development which would draw on expertise of UN organizations, international financial organizations and NGOs, industry, business and scientific groups.
International Institutional Arrangements
88
It is essential that all countries and all sectors within countries, participate in the negotiations of international agreements that create effective international standards for environmental protection
International law and mechanisms
89
In order to base decisions on sound information, the availability, quality and accessibility of data needs to be improved between developed and developing countries
Sharing information and data for decision making
