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Philosophy Midterm > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

3 things not to confuse

A

language, thought, reality

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2
Q

what’s language

A

symbols for ideas(spoken or written)

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3
Q

what’s thought

A

belief about reality(in mind)

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4
Q

reality

A

whatever exists period

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5
Q

truth

A

thought/belief that matches reality

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6
Q

what am i (Darwin)

A

highly evolved animal

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7
Q

goal of life (darwin)

A

to eventually decay

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8
Q

brain’s use (Aristotle)

A

to cool the blood; consciousness in breast

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9
Q

philosophy

A

“science of all things”; doesn’t exist; if anything, in plural, each person has one

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10
Q

theology

A

“faith and revelation”; doesnt exist

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11
Q

speed of light

A

186,000 mi/s

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12
Q

synonyms for philosophy

A

belief system, world view

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13
Q

science different from philosophy

A

no; doesnt exist; part of philosophy

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14
Q

before 1800s what was psychology

A

part of philosophy

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15
Q

what do you see (laser)? color or light

A

“color”, never see light; can’t see color but experience caused by brain

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16
Q

sky blue?

A

no; what freq of light hits eyes

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17
Q

representational dualists

A

Descartes, Galileo, Einstein, Will James

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18
Q

souls and bodies

A

I am soul and have body(plato)
i am soul there is no body (Berkeley/idealist)
I am a body and there is no soul(materialist)
I am a combo of soul and body (dualism-Acquinas)

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19
Q

what evidence do you have for anything

A

subjective to you(in mind)(Desc)

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20
Q

definitions of death

A

heart stops, brain shuts down, soul leaves body

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21
Q

Einstein: people of common sense

A

plebeian illusion

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22
Q

how people refer to mind

A

soul, what brain does, part of intellect (and will)

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23
Q

central q of course

A

what am i

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24
Q

if no free will?

A

no responsibility

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25
Q

syn for representationalism

A

2 world theory, epistemological dualism

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26
Q

things that exist because we believe exists

A

marriage, property, money, government (Searile)

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27
Q

Parts of philosophies

A

naive realism(belief of phys things/world), truth v error, right v wrong

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28
Q

3 proofs of not reading minds

A

criminal trials, spies, con artists

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29
Q

Russel’s main works

A

cause and effect

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30
Q

soul accord to Plato

A

immaterial conscious being

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31
Q

3 q of existence

A

what exists, what do existent things do, why do they do what they do

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32
Q

cognitive nonsensory acts

A

thinking, remembering, imagining

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33
Q

Miller on important q’s

A

good and bad(ones can’t answer); imp q is mind and brain relation

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34
Q

access to brain?

A

no direct access apart from stream of consciousness

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35
Q

Plato on learning

A

never get idea from other people; learning is recollection

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36
Q

how do you get thoughts and language

A

lang doesn’t exist; senses and intellect (soc/plato)

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37
Q

cognitive concepts

A

sensory and nonsensory(think, remember, imagine; indep of phys nature)

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38
Q

ways of talking about ideas

A

ideas as ideas and ideas as thought objects(1 is statue ie represents something else)

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39
Q

other important q

A

how do you get ideas/knowledge into mind

40
Q

language doesnt exist but what does

A

purely phys things: body lang, gestures, braille; sense data(psychic images), memory images

41
Q

man and squirrel

A

“go around” squirrel

42
Q

inner speach

A

auditory images

43
Q

helen keller’s inner speach

A

tactile images

44
Q

naive realism

A

phys world/things exist, known with senses

45
Q

parts of soul

A

intellect and will

46
Q

what can you be most certain of?

A

mind(colors you see?)

47
Q

Russel/einstein on whats experienced

A

effects produced in us

48
Q

what do we see/hear/taste/etc

A

1 things in physical world(NR)
2 stimuli/particles reaching sense organs (Interorganic)
3 effects produced in brain by stimuli in env (nerve-impulse)
4. colors/taste/etc in virtual reality in mind (sense-data theory)

49
Q

objective reality

A

exists indep of you

50
Q

objects of nonsensory knowledge

A

images, thought objects

51
Q

3 objects of sense (Aristotle)

A

proper objects (color, sound, odor, taste, h/s h/c), common (size, shape, location (w/1 sense)), incidental(not rlly sensed learn w/intellect (fake rose or person(what colors are attched to))

52
Q

speed of sound

A

1100 ft/s

53
Q

mi from earth to sun

A

93 million

54
Q

time it takes light to travel from sun to earth

A

8 mins

55
Q

how to go through what you see/taste/feel/etc

A

process of elimination

56
Q

Russel on NR

A

leads to physics

57
Q

how do you do psychology (Locke)

A

reflection/introspection (looking into mind)

58
Q

contradiction

A

can you think without images

59
Q

image

A

copy/reproduction of what’s been sensed

60
Q

Meyers on psych

A

behavior(dir observation) and mental processes(questionnaire, inferred)

61
Q

theoretical schizophrenia

A

hold 2 contradictory theories; simultaneous acceptance of 2 contradictory beliefs

62
Q

against NR

A

can’t sense things further from us

63
Q

against IO

A

would see 2, upside down; brain between you and organs;if nerves from brain to organ severed cant exp anymore

64
Q

against NI

A

denies color and sound; no/color/sound in brain

65
Q

if exp do sounds/tastes/etc exist

A

yes; exist if experience in some form; senses dont deceive us; interpretations could have error

66
Q

the boundary

A

experiences in common sense to actual sci reality

67
Q

common sense principle

A

dont give up common sense beliefs unless good reason

68
Q

why care if we revert to NR

A

Desc:soul, prove God dont have to take on faith; most sure of nonphys;

69
Q

how to live life (desc)

A

based on morality, immortality

70
Q

how do you know what’s outside of mind

A

by whats in mind

71
Q

stream of consciousness

A

sd, mi, thoughts/concepts/ideas

72
Q

dualism

A

ontological(total belief), psych dualism(body, soul), epistimelogical (dir/indir exp objects)

73
Q

kant other imp things outside mind

A

others and their consciousness(golden rule)

74
Q

everyone can agree on(aristotle)

A

all want to be happy(not include morality)

75
Q

list to be happy

A

awake and conscious, know what’s happening

76
Q

need brain to be happy?

A

keep alive

77
Q

be moral to be happy?

A

no, Dahmer

78
Q

ways of talking about in mind

A

imaginary(crazy), in head(theater of mind)

79
Q

color of sheet(orange, blue)

A

after images

80
Q

nature of agent?

A

thing that thinks

81
Q

desc: what does thinking

A

self(soul)

82
Q

phenomenalists

A

Hume(james?)

83
Q

phrase for represent.

A

think movie

84
Q

at conception

A

vegetative, animal, human, soul

85
Q

when does life start?

A

not good q; alive not conscious

86
Q

know whats outside of mind?

A

through inference

87
Q

Watson rabbit, child, sound

A

can’t see feeling but infer; must have concept of fear

88
Q

sci public or private

A

must be public

89
Q

hume:person

A

collection of thoughts/perceptions; for every idea must be impression or exp

90
Q

radical empiricist principle

A

all ideas from exp; dont have exp of soul, can’t see soul

91
Q

what’s a human(James)

A

present slice of stream of consciousness

92
Q

law of association

A

exp things in close approx and simult. and combine in mind/link; exp1 remember other

93
Q

2 world theory

A

naive world, objective reality

94
Q

3 argument for rep

A

nonsensory objects, lang, sensory objects

95
Q

4 conclusions

A

consciousness, dont dir exp bodies, responsible for creating own immediate world, others consciousness

96
Q

what are you (phenom)

A

stream of consciousness or cluster of sd and images

Philosophy Midterm (2 decks)

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