Final Flashcards
(106 cards)
1
Q
Part 1 of course about?
A
representationalism; evidence for human being
2
Q
what’s materialism(brief)
A
only things that exist are physical(see and feel)
3
Q
what’s representationalism?(brief)
A
not in contact w/physical world; what we exp is in mind
4
Q
*Descartes redefinition of matter
A
3d objects
5
Q
CS look at hand
A
color, solid, warm, stationary
6
Q
sci look at hand
A
no color, almost all empty space, subatoms moving,
7
Q
*Aristotle/Desc on soul
A
anything alive has soul; vegetative, animal, human life
8
Q
*2 dif meanings of soul (Aristotle)
A
life principle, seat of consciousness
9
Q
thinking according to Watson
A
thinking = talking out loud or silently (overt/covert)
10
Q
radical empiricist principle
A
can’t have idea of something never exp
11
Q
argument against radical empiricist principle
A
how do you know you cant have an idea of something never exp; take on faith
12
Q
*Pope John Paul II: when do we exist
A
exist when God creates soul
13
Q
*Aquinas: when soul is created
A
soul not created at conception but when resemblance of human body
14
Q
*CS view of matter
A
what we see/feel (sense)
15
Q
*Desc problem with CS view of matter
A
representationalism says not in contact with physical world; cant see/touch
16
Q
*2 kinds of behaviorism
A
radical(we study) and methodological
17
Q
*Psych studies what according to Meyers
A
mental processes (infer), observe behavior
18
Q
wat do telescopes and microscopes do
A
create larger images in eyes
19
Q
method for psych as sci
A
empirical introspection/reflection
20
Q
Lock’s term for introspection
A
reflection
21
Q
Watson on introspection
A
wouldn’t work; can you think without images?
22
Q
what do behaviorists study
A
how dif organisms react to stimuli
23
Q
types of conditioning
A
classic (from childhood), operant(from env)
24
Q
*phenomenalists
A
James(live by cs) and Hume(go by cs), Berkeley
25
human being acc to phenomenalists
present stream of consciousness
26
Clifford Commandment
wrong always for everyone everywhere to believe something w/insufficient evidence
27
Socrates' motto
the unexamined life is not worth living
28
where is knowledge found, if it exists
in each individual's mind
29
ex of mental processes
thoughts, feelings, etc
30
*2 reasons to find truth
self (Desc) don't take on faith, want proof; for others: can't pass on without knowing truth
31
*argument 4 soul
what happens at death; consciousness
32
*3 materialist theories
RB, BMI, EPI
33
*problem with Meyers psych
doesn't talk about concepts; don't get ideas from others but through exp
34
*1st response to proof 4 soul
do you have proof for phys world
35
*RB what is consc
consciousness in brain; thinking = behavior; consciousness is behavior
36
quote on human thought
the history of human thought is what people have said and done
37
RB on what are we
conditioned robot, highly evolved animal (materialist) +BMI+EPI
38
*BMI consc
brain processes/functions; firings of neurons in brain
39
*EPI consc
immaterial; useless byproduct of brain
40
if people are streams of consc (phenomenalist view) then?
can't have sci; must be public
41
what am i through elimination
i am combo of body and soul (dualism Aquinas)
i am soul and there is no body (idealist-Berkeley)
i am soul and have a body (Plato)
i am a body and there is no soul (materialis)
42
fog and clouds?
same reality (water droplets) yet seem different (Place)
43
*materialist and free will
no free will; acts in accordance w/laws of physics, chemistry, biology, psychology; programmed robots
44
Plato on ideas in this lifetime
where do we get ideas from; ideas of essences(reincarnation); learning is recollection
45
*sky is blue
begin w/world as perceived naively: blue ; meet contradictions: in plane
46
*substance
exists in and of itself(on own)
47
*accident
can't exist on own
48
*types of change
accidental (wt, ht), substantial(death), mixing and unmixing(car)
49
soul by Aquinasvs Plato
substantial principle vs substance
50
common sense principle
never give up cs belief unless extensive proof for otherwise
51
can you exist without a body
yes doing so now; bod sensations in mind; repres (phantom limbs)
52
materialists agree on
existence of thoughts; humans are highly evolved animals
53
consc
SD(colors, sounds, odors, h/s, h/c, taste)
54
argument for evolution
fossils, homology: similarities in living creatures
55
*argument against free will
atoms/molecules=brain no room for realism (obey laws of sci/nature); psych: actions determined by likes/dislikes produced by DNA/biology and conditioning
56
*3 errors to avoid
anthropomorphism(proj onto nonhuman things human exp), correlation=identity=causation
57
*what exists acc to Aristotle
substance or accident
58
*Aquinas on soul
substantial principle (1 substance (human) made of 2 substantial principles = act+potency)
59
*apple
Berkeley apple is combo of ideas/collection of SD (color, texture, shape, taste, etc)(phenom->what exists in mind)
60
*problem with materialism
must be immaterial self to perceive (agent)-what exp consc (Berkeley); must be soul aware of SD, MI, thoughts (have but are not)-> we are agents experiencing
61
inner speech
tactile images vs auditory images
62
language
spoken(overt thinking)
63
phrase relating to representationalism
think movie
64
faith
anything you believe that you don't have absolute conclusive evidence for
65
LAL: true answer for what we see
hallucination
66
who cares about actions
how much of a future do you plan for(death, eternity)
67
*4 types of thinking
imagine, remember, think, anticipate
68
reductionism
simplify world view; dif names for same reality
69
*don't have body, why worry
future sensations of pain
70
dif btw humans and animals
thinking and reasoning; animals(sensations, consc), trees(phys, alive) rocks
71
most important thing in phys world
brain
72
*BMI person
U.T. PLace
73
*idealism person
Berkeley
74
*lie vs truth
lying is more complicated: aware of truth and how to trick someone
75
*EPI on brain
brain is product of sensations; how would you know about brain
76
against BMI
how could material produce immaterial
77
*Santa,personality, etc
useful concept in mind w/no exact counterpart in reality (logical fictions, constructs, theoretical constructions
78
universal/ontological dualism
2 things (physical and nonphysical or material and nonmaterial)
79
psych/anthropological dualism
body and soul (substances)
80
epistemological dualism
everything experienced in mind (repres)
81
do colors exist?
yes; light at dif freq hits eyes to create color; absorb freq but reflect color seen
82
Thales
everything is water
83
5 concepts
agents(individual), habits, objects(thing acted upon), acts(actions, eating), powers(ability to act)
84
personality quote
nobody in its priv life, seriously doubts that personality exists
85
what does the thinking
1. unity of consc: I feel, see, etc. (arist, aqui) contradiction: sensing dif than thinking(think w/mind, need organs to hear/snse; can't have sensation w/out body)
2. total person does thinking(body and soul)
3. soul does thinking
86
if phys sensations are phantoms then?
brain is phantom->phantom brain prod phantom body?
87
*changes after LAL NDE
before body more imp and now mind more imp; took away fear of death(some don't want to return)
88
*Aquinas/aristotle on what i am + contradiction
I am combo of soul and body; problem: soul must be substance for immortality
89
*political debate on
what is a human being
90
*matchbook exp
not image but shadow; not enought light to hit eye so what is seen in mind is upside down (disprove NI)
91
Russel on rep
experience effects in us
92
were you you at beg of life
you were you before memories/exp
93
*q not is color i see blue
q is where is the color i see
94
*where are things we sense
1 phys world(cs)
2 organ of sense (IO) (cant exp things further from us)
3 brain (NI) (see 2 upside down)
4 mind
95
animal rights bible
Animal Liberation
96
animal rights bible author
Peter Singer
97
parts of time
past, present, future
98
*quinatalism
stream of consciousness(most certain)
MI
thoughts(interpret sensations in light of memory)
self(I think therefore I am) ; cant be deceived if dont exist
if phys world: subatoms
99
determinism
everything done is determined by past/nature; cant blame anyone for anything
100
Newton's laws of motion
inertia: all bodies remain at rest/motion in st line unless acted upon by outside force
universal gravitation: all bodies attract all other bodies
for every action there is an eq/opp reaction
101
*to know what God knows
what exists
what do existent things do
why do they do what they do
102
4 forces
gravity, electromag, nuclear forces
103
against determinism
cant prove phys world; faith; can prove everything obeys laws?
104
*red laser pointer shows
dif btw light and color; see color not light; light has dif freq
105
stream of consc from
mind (no), brain, God, or nothing
106
RB person
Skinner
