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NYCC Public Health > Midterm 2 Review > Flashcards

Midterm 2 Review Flashcards

1
Q

unusual sensory experience such as hearing voices is a(n) ____

A

hallucination

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2
Q

these are included in the DSM 5 for hate crime statuses on the federal level
A) somatoform
B) dissociative
C) sexual & gender identity
D) obsessive compulsive

A

sexual & gender identity

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3
Q

Obsessive compulsive disorder is a type of ____ disorder

A

anxiety

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4
Q

Delusions and hallucinations are diagnostic for _____

A

schizophrenia

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5
Q

what approximate percentage of people arrested in the US for homicide and assault test test positive for illicit drug use?

A

50%

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6
Q

at what age is the individual considered an addict if they begin using drugs early in life?

A

18

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7
Q

the use of which drug is associated with teeth clenching?

A

ecstasy
(MDMA)

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8
Q

one of the most abused drugs among high school seniors is ____

A

over the counter cough syrup

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9
Q

a maladaptive pattern of substance use that leads to tolerance and withdrawal symptoms is ____

A

substance dependence disorder
(leads to physiological dependence)

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10
Q

____ believe that prescription drugs are ____ than street drugs

A

adolescents; better/safer

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11
Q

____ allows the clinician to rate the clients overall level of functioning

A

assessment of functioning

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12
Q

What percentage of AIDS cases have been linked to injection drug use in the US?

A

25%

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13
Q

____ can produce drowsiness, constipation, and depressed breathing

A

opioids
(including heroin)

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14
Q

____ is the state of successful performance of mental function

A

mental health

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15
Q

the current handbook for diagnosing of mental illness is the ____

A

DSM-5
(diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders)

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16
Q

the single most common barrier to seeking treatment is ____

A

shame

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17
Q

a change in cognition that has gradual onset and does not improve is ____

A

dementia

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18
Q

a variety of herbal mixtures that produce effects similar to marijuana is ____

A

spice

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19
Q

Treatment expansion under the affordable care and patient protection act is targeting
A) primary care facilities
B) juvenile detention facilities
C) unemployment of mentally ill

A

(All of the above)
- treatment in primary care facilities
- juvenile justice facility screening
- employment of ppl w/ serious mental illness

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20
Q

Adolescents born outside of the US had a ____ rate of alcohol or illicit drug use

A

lower

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21
Q

____ are health conditions that are characterized by alteration in thinking, mood, and/or behaviour

A

mental disorders

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22
Q

depression is characterized as a ____ disorder

A

mood

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23
Q

classification of mental illnesses that cause significant impairment fall under ____ of the previous handbook

A

axis I
(clinical syndromes)

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24
Q

what is the drug of exchange at the end of the heroin highway?

A

oxycontin
(not in the notes & the 2 docs are different)

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25
Q

a rapidly growing population with a unique set of mental health issues are ____

A

returning military personnel (veterans)

(also communities w/ natural disasters, older adults)

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26
Q

alcohol ____ is a pattern to drinking that results in harm to ones health as tolerance requires more alcohol over time to be consumed thus causing greater physical damage

A

abuse
(Can lead to tolerance & dependence)

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27
Q

____ is the term that refers collectively to all diagnosable mental disorders

A

mental illness

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28
Q

trichotillomania involves…

A

pulling out hair and eating it

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29
Q

hypochondriasis is a type of ____ disorder

A

somatoform

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30
Q

which drug originally was designed as an IV anesthetic but was later discontinued due to harmful effects which mimicked schizophrenia?

A

phencyclidine
(PCP)

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31
Q

suicide rates are highest in ____

A

older white males (65+)

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32
Q

what neurotransmitters in the brain are affected by alcohol and other drugs?

A

(both of the above)
serotonin & dopamine

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33
Q

____ is the leading preventable cause of disease in the US

A

tobacco

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34
Q

what age group has the highest rates of drug use in the US?

A

18-25

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35
Q

GHB and Rohypnol has a(n) ____ effect

A

sedating

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36
Q

____ adolescents had the lowest use of alcohol or illicit drugs

A

Asian

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37
Q

users may experience 12 hour “trips” of delusion and hallucinations when taking ____

A

LSD
(can distort perceptions of reality & produce hallucinations)

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38
Q

Managed care pays for how many days of inpatient treatment for substance abuse on average?

A

7 days

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39
Q

mental health involves the interaction of social, environmental, and ____ factors throughout the lifespan

A

genetic

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40
Q

the group that seeks mental health treatment is ____

A

white females

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41
Q

a ____ is a false belief that is persistent and organized

A

delusion

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42
Q

what is the most commonly used drug by children and adolescents?

A

alcohol
(probably?)

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43
Q

____ increases body temperature, blood pressure, and heart rate to dangerous levels and may cause death upon first use

A

cocaine

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44
Q

the greatest opportunity to reduce or prevent mental illness is among ____

A

young people

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45
Q

a period of abnormally elevated or irritable mood is known as ____

A

mania

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46
Q

All types of abuse and neglect of a child under the age of 18 by a parent, caregiver, or another person in a custodial role is known as ____

A

child maltreatment

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47
Q

Who is more likely to die in a residential fire?
A) people aged 75+
B) people aged 65-74
C) people aged 6-64
D) children aged 5 and under

A

people aged 75+

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48
Q

stalking is a type of intimate partner violence by form of ____ threat or harm

A

psychological

49
Q

The willful desertion of an elderly person by caregiver or other responsible person is known as ____

A

abandonment

50
Q

This form of traumatic brain injury is seen in infants

A

shaken baby syndrome
(a leading cause of child maltreatment deaths in US)

51
Q

The single most important cause of death and disability in the US is ____

A

motor vehicle accidents

52
Q

For African-Americans age 10-24, what is the leading cause of death?

A

homicide

53
Q

Which gender is more commonly involved with physical fighting on school grounds?

A

males

54
Q

The group that has the highest level of child maltreatment is ____

A

African-American

55
Q

Most residential fires occur in what season?

A

winter

56
Q

____ are the leading cause of death for Americans age 1-44

A

injuries

57
Q

80% of homicide-caused deaths occur in children aged ____

A

4 years and younger

58
Q

____ are the leading cause of death for Americans aged 70+

A

falls

59
Q

most work related deaths occur in the ____ industries

A

agriculture/forestry/fishing

60
Q

rape rates have been ____ in the US over the past 20 years

A

decreasing

61
Q

the leading cause of death for infants under 1 year is ____

A

suffocation

62
Q

the most common method used in homicide is ____

A

firearm

63
Q

what is the leading cause of residential fires in the US?

A

cooking

64
Q

elder maltreatment is abuse and/or neglect of a person aged ____ and older

A

60

65
Q

the type of injury event that is responsible for the majority of American deaths age 1-4 is ____

A

drowning

66
Q

what is the leading cause of traumatic brain injury in the US?

A

falls

67
Q

which gender is bullied more frequently on school grounds?

A

females

68
Q

this is the leading cause of death due to injuries from ____ in those aged 0-19

A

motor vehicle accidents

69
Q

electronic aggression is the politically correct term for ____

A

cyber bullying

70
Q

the leading cause of death for children age 1-4 is ____

A

drowning

71
Q

the group that has the highest level of infant homicides is ____

A

Caucasian

72
Q

In behavioral health, researchers identify what 2 factors?

A
  • risk factors, which predispose individuals to mental illness
  • protective factors, which protect them from developing mental disorders
73
Q

the term for a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder resulting in substantial impairment in carrying out major life activities is ____

A

serious mental illness

74
Q

what social or environmental problems that may impact Axis I or Axis II disorders are accounted for in Axis IV?

A

unemployment
relocation
divorce
death of a loved one

75
Q

a change in cognition that develops over a short period of time and fluctuates over the course of a day is ____

A

delirium
(eg. “sundowning” in Alzheimer’s)

76
Q

a maladaptive pattern of substance use leading to failure to fulfill roles and using a substance in hazardous situations is ____

A

substance abuse disorder
(leads to clinically significant impairment)

77
Q

what is the most common anxiety disorder?

A

generalized anxiety disorder

78
Q

a chronic pain disorder without medical findings as to a cause is called ____

A

somatization disorder

79
Q

a functional neurological symptom disorder with a psychological stressor is called ____

A

conversion disorder

80
Q

worrying about having a serious illness is termed ____

A

hypochondriasis

81
Q

____ involves a perceived and/or exacerbated physical flaw

A

body dysmorphic disorder

82
Q

Is suicide a mental disorder, disease, or illness?

A

NO

83
Q

early-onset, regular ____ use is linked to IQ decline

A

marijuana
(ha you dumb bitches)

84
Q

among racial and ethnic groups, ____ adolescents had the highest rate of alcohol or illicit drug use

A

American Indian or Alaska Native

85
Q

among racial and ethnic groups, ____ adults had the lowest rate of binge drinking

A

Asian

86
Q

among racial and ethnic groups, ____ adults had the highest rate of binge drinking

A

Hispanic or Latino

87
Q

among education groups, adults age 25 and over with ____ had the lowest rate of binge drinking

A

an advanced degree
(followed by “some college education”)

88
Q

what 2 factors are believed to have led to the increase in prescription drug abuse?

A
  • ^availability of prescription drugs (fam medicine cabinet, internet, Drs)
  • adolescents believe they are safer than street drugs
89
Q

alcohol is a central nervous system ____

A

depressant

90
Q

____ is a diagnosable disease characterized by a strong craving for alcohol, and/or continued use despite harm or personal injury

A

alcoholism or alcohol dependence

91
Q

cocaine is a central nervous system ____

A

stimulant

92
Q

mixing ____ with street-sold heroin or cocaine markedly amplifies their potency and potential dangers

A

fentanyl
(effects: euphoria, drowsiness/resp. depression & arrest, nausea, confusion, constipation, sedation, unconsciousness, coma, tolerance, addiction)

93
Q

irreversible effects of ____ can be hearing loss, limb spasms, CNS/brain damage, or bone marrow damage

A

inhalants

94
Q

what are the physical effects of LSD?

A
  • ^body temp, HR, BP
  • sleeplessness
  • loss of appetite
95
Q

____ is the most commonly used illegal(?) drug in the US

A

marijuana

96
Q

ecstasy is a synthetic drug that has ____ properties

A

stimulate & psychoactive

97
Q

____ is a very addictive stimulant that is long-lasting and toxic to dopamine nerve terminals

A

methamphetamine

98
Q

what are the long-term effects of methamphetamine?

A
  • mood disturbances
  • violent behavior
  • anxiety
  • confusion
  • insomnia
  • severe dental problems
99
Q

PCP is a “____” drug, distorting perceptions of sight and sound and producing feelings of detachment

A

dissociative

100
Q

today, the preferred CNS depressant (other than alcohol) is ____

A

Xanax (Alprazolam)

101
Q

what is the most commonly prescribed drug for ADHD?

A

Adderall (amphetamines)

102
Q

what are the major and irreversible effects of steroid abuse?

A
  • liver damage
  • jaundice
  • fluid retention
  • ^BP
  • ^ “bad” cholesterol
103
Q

What are examples of school violence behaviors?

A
  • bullying
  • fighting
  • weapon use
  • electronic aggression
  • gang violence
104
Q

Where does school violence occur?

A
  • school property
  • school-sponsored events
  • to/from school or school-sponsored events
105
Q

youth violence typically includes persons between the ages of ____

A

10-24

106
Q

what is the 2nd leading cause of death for young people ages 10-24?

A

homicide

107
Q

what is the second leading cause of death for Hispanics?

A

homicide

108
Q

which gender has slightly higher victimization rates for child maltreatment?

A

girls

109
Q

rates of child maltreatment were highest among what age group in 2008?

A

infants less than 1 year old

110
Q

by race, child maltreatment deaths are highest among what group?

A

white children

111
Q

____ occurs when an elder experiences trauma after exposure to threatening acts or coercive tactics

A

psychological or emotional abuse

112
Q

____ is the failure or refusal of a caregiver or other responsible person to provide for an elder’s basic physical, emotional, or social needs, or failure to protect them from harm

A

neglect

113
Q

What are the forms of elder maltreatment?

A
  • physical abuse
  • sexual abuse or abusive sexual contact
  • psychological/emotional abuse
  • neglect
  • abandonment
  • financial abuse or exploitation
114
Q

What are the forms of intimate partner violence?

A
  • physical violence
  • sexual violence
  • threats of physical or sexual violence
  • psychological/emotional violence
115
Q

A ____ traumatic brain injury is one caused by movement of the brain within the skull, which may be due to falls, MVA, or being struck with an object

A

closed

116
Q

A ____ traumatic brain injury is one caused by a foreign object entering the skull, such as firearm injuries or being struck with a sharp object

A

penetrating

117
Q

what age group has the highest rates of TBI-related hospitalizations and death?

A

75+

118
Q

deaths from ____ are the third leading cause of fatal home injury

A

fires and burns

119
Q

____ is the leading cause of fire-related deaths

A

smoking

NYCC Public Health (3 decks)

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