Midterm 2 Lecture Notes

Question 1

According to Harris (1993, p. 327), groups have nine elements:

Answer 1

1. face-to-face communication
2. among a group of people,
3. who share a common purpose or goal
4. and perceive a sense of belonging to the group
5. who have interdependence
6. create and enforce norms and shared standards
7. exert influence upon each other
8. over a period of time,
9. through some structured patterns

Question 2

What is groupness?

Answer 2

a collection of people must have a history and a future.Develops over time

Question 3

What is Group shift

Answer 3

is a situation in which we see groups making decisions that are more conservative or liberal than the individuals would have made. The lack of accountability in the group may cause its decisions to wander from the norms individuals in the group hold. This differs from Groupthink only in degree

Question 4

What are the 3 Transactional Theories

Answer 4

1) Trait leadership is the first, and most primitive model. It is actually the one most of us still use. Ask most people to describe a leader, and they will give you the traits of a leader
2) Behavior theories
3) Contingency (situations) theories