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Pharma final written 2nd semester pq > Midterm 2(ecto endo parasites) > Flashcards

Midterm 2(ecto endo parasites) Flashcards

1
Q

Which agent has the longest duration of action n administered in therapeutic dosages?

  • Afoxolaner
  • Fluralaner
  • Sarolaner
  • Their duration is similar
A

Sarolaner

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2
Q

What is the mechanism of action of fipronil?

  • Acetylcoline receptor agonism
  • Acetylcholinesterase inhibition
  • GABA receptor agonism
  • GABA receptor antagonism
A

Gaba receptor antagonism

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3
Q

Fluralaner is effective against…

Flea

Both of them

Demodex spp

None of them

A

Both of them

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4
Q

Which is eliminated with the urine as well?

  • Fluralaner
  • Afoxalaner
  • Sarolaner
  • Lotilaner
A

afoxalaner

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5
Q

What is the mechanism of action of indoxacarb?

  • Na channel blocking
  • Glutamate mediated Cl channel opening
  • GABA receptor antagonsim
  • Acetylcholinesterase inhibtion
A

Na channel Blocking

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6
Q

Ectoparasiticide agents can be given

  • Both of them
  • Orally
  • Topically
  • None of them
A

Both

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7
Q

Which substance is an organophosphate from the followings:

  • None of them
  • Propoxur
  • Dinotefuran
  • Both of them
A

none

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8
Q

How can coumaphos be neutralized if it gets on the skin?

  • With baking soda
  • With tap water
  • With acetic acid
  • With all of them
A

with baking soda

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9
Q

Praziquantel can NOT be used againstthe following helminth:

  • Echinococcus granulosus
  • Heartworm
  • Both of them
  • None of them
A

Heartworm

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10
Q

Which agent is the safest for the environment from the followings:

  • Indoxacarb
  • Imidacloprid
  • Fipronil
  • Permethrin
A

indoxacarb

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11
Q

How can fipronil be used in companion animals?

  • Spot on
  • Pour on
  • Both
  • None
A

both

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12
Q

Imidacloprid can be given:

  • Collar
  • Ijnection
  • None
  • Both
A

collar

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13
Q

Izoxasolines are authorized for

  • Horse
  • Cat
  • Noth
  • None
A

cat

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14
Q

What is characteristic to the mechanism of action of permethrin?

  • GABA receptor agonism
  • Na channel opening
  • Acetlcholine receptor antagonism
  • Acetylcholinesterase inhibition
A

Na channel opening

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15
Q

Which can be the side effect of Amitraz?

  • Hypoglycaemia
  • Both
  • None
  • Paralytic ileus
A

paralytic ileus

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16
Q

How can Amitraz be given?

  • Collar
  • Washing solution
  • Both
  • None
A

Both

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17
Q

Permethrin is effective agianst this parasite:

  • Demodex
  • Tick
  • None
  • Both
A

none

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18
Q

Which agent has activity against fleas?

  • Fipronil
  • Piriprol
  • None
  • Both
A

piropril

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19
Q

Which agent has activity against fleas?

  • Nitenpyram
  • Afoxolaner
  • None
  • Both
A

afoxolaner

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20
Q

Wich side effect is characteristic to organophosphates?

  • Both
  • None
  • Difficult breathing bradycardia
  • Flaccid paralysys, ataxia
A

none

difficulty breathing bradycardia

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21
Q

Propoxur poisoning causes these symptoms:

  • Midriasis
  • Tremor, spams
  • Both
  • None
A

midriasis

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22
Q

What is characteristic to the mechanism of action of permethrin?

  • Gaba receptor agonims
  • Na channel opening
  • Acetylcholine receptor antagonism
  • Acetylcholinesterase inhibition
A

na channel opening

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23
Q

What is the mechanism of action of neonicotinoids?

  • Acetylcholine receptor agonism
  • Acetylcholinesterase inhibtion
  • Gaba receptor antagonism
  • Na channel blocking
A

acetylcholine receptor agonism

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24
Q

What is the characteristic to the spectrum of febantel?

  • Antitrematodal effect
  • Antinematodal effect
  • None
  • Both
A

antinematodal effect

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25
Q

What is the characteristic to the spectrum of oxibendazole?

  • Anticestodal effect
  • Antinematoda effect
  • Both
  • None
A

antinematoda effect

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26
Q

How can albendazole be given?

  • Via injection
  • Both
  • Orally
  • None
A

orally

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27
Q

What is the characteristic to the mechanism of action of benzimidazoles?

  • Tegumentum damage
  • Decreased ATP production
  • None
  • Both
A

both

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28
Q

Which can be the side effect of Amitraz?

  • Tachypnoe
  • Bradycardia
  • None
  • Both
A

bradycardia

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29
Q

Amitraz is effective against this parasite:

  • Tick
  • Demodex
  • Both
  • None
A

both

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30
Q

Which agent is a prodrug from the followings

  • None
  • Triclabedazole
  • Fenbendazole
  • Both
A

none

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31
Q

What is the characteristic to the spectrum of oxfendazole

  • Anticestodal effect
  • Antinematodal effect
  • None
  • Both
A

both

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32
Q

Levamisole can be used against the following helminth

  • Ascaris suum
  • Fasciola hepática
  • Dipylidium caninum
  • All of them
A

ascaris suum

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33
Q

What is the characteristic to the spectrum of fenbendazole

  • Hookworms
  • Tapeworms
  • Both
  • None
A

both

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34
Q

Praziquantel can NOT be used against the following helminth

  • Dipylidium caninum
  • Fasciola hepática
  • None
  • Both
A

none

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35
Q

Repellent effect is important against

  • Mosquito
  • Tick
  • Both
  • None
A

both

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36
Q

What is the characteristic to the pharmacokinetics of praziquantel?

  • Not absorbed from the skin
  • Hydroxy metabolites form quickly
  • Moderate distribution due to high protein binding
  • None
A

hydroxy metabolites form quickly

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37
Q

Which of the following agent belongs to the imidazotiazoles

  • Levamisole
  • Praziquantel
  • Pyrantel
  • Fenbendazole
A

levamisole

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38
Q

Which of the following agent is an endectocid?

  • Permethrin
  • Toltrazuril
  • Levamisole
  • None
A

levamisole

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39
Q

Which substance is an organophosphate from the followings:

  • phoxim
  • Piriprol
  • none
  • Both of them
A

phoxim

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40
Q

What is the antidote for levamisole toxicosis

  • Epinephrine
  • Atropin
  • N-acetylcystein
  • There’s no antidote
A

atropin

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41
Q

Which agent has activity against fleas?

  • Ivermectin
  • Both
  • None
  • Indoxacarb
A

Both

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42
Q

Which can be the side effect of Amitraz?

  • Sedation
  • Emesis
  • Both
  • None
A

sedation

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43
Q

Praziquantel can be used against the helminth

  • Strongylus species
  • Dipylidium caninum
  • None
  • Both
A

Dipylidium caninum

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44
Q

What mechanism of action of organophosphates

  • Irreversible inhibition of acetylcolinesterase
  • Reversible inhibtion of acetylcholinesterase
  • Acetylcholine receptor agonims
  • Acetylcholine receptor antagonism
A

irreversible inhibition of acetylcolinesterase

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45
Q

How can levamisole be given?

  • IV
  • SC
  • Both
  • None
A

sc

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46
Q

Izoxasolines can cause these side effects in case of overdose:

  • Ataxia, muscle weakness, flaccid paralysis
  • Ataxia, tremor, spasm
  • Sedation, hypotermia
  • Emesis, bronchoconstriction, bradycardia
A

ataxia tremor spasm

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47
Q

Which is an IGR

  • Both of them
  • None
  • Novaluron
  • Methoprene
A

methoprene

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48
Q

Which is a chitin inhibitor

  • Lufenuron
  • Methoprene
  • None
  • Both
A

Lufenuron

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49
Q

Which can be an antidote of pyrethroid poisoning

  • Pralidoxime
  • Atipemazol
  • None
  • Atropin
A

Atropin

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50
Q

Which agent can be used to treat flea infection in dogs:

  • Pyrantel
  • Imidacloprid
  • Both
  • None
A

imidacloprid

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51
Q

What is the characteristic to the absorption of benzimidazoles from the GI tract?

  • Their absorption is excellent, bioavailability is nearly 100%
  • Their absorption is por
  • Absorption is moderate
  • They’re not used orally
A

absorption is moderate

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52
Q

What is the characteristic to the mechanism of action of benzimidazoles?

  • None
  • Agonism od the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor
  • Reversible inhibition of the acetylcholinesterase
  • Both
A

none

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53
Q

Which agent is effective against dermanyssus gallinae

  • Pyriproxyfen
  • Fluralaner
  • Flumehrin
  • Allof them
A

fluralaner

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54
Q

Which agent kills fleas most quickly?

  • Fipronil
  • Imidacloprid
  • Methoprene
  • Amitraz
A

imidacloprid

55
Q

Which is true for organophosphates

  • LD50 ORAL > LD50 DERMAL
  • LD50 ORAL < LD50 DERMAL
  • LD50 ORAL
  • LD50 DERMAL

-

A

All of them can be correct, it depends on the substance

56
Q

Deltamethrin is effective against

  • Demodex spp
  • Fly
  • Both
  • None
A

both

57
Q

Which species is sensitive to fipronil

  • Cat
  • Dog
  • None
  • Both
A

none

58
Q

Sarolaner is effective against

  • Scabies mite
  • Tick
  • Both
  • None
A

both

59
Q

Dinotefuran is effective against the following parasite

  • None
  • Scabies mite
  • Tick
  • Both
A

tick

60
Q

What is the mechanism of action of neonicotinoids

  • Acetylcholine receptor agonism
  • Acetylcholinesterase inhibitin
  • Gaba receptor antagonism
  • Na channel blocking
A

acetylcholine receptor agonism

61
Q

Which agent is a prodrug

  • Both
  • None
  • Febantel
  • Netobimin
A

both

62
Q

Which agent is a prodrug

  • None
  • Both
  • Oxfendazole
  • Albendazole
A

none

63
Q

What is the characteristic to the mechanism of action of benzimidazoles?

  • Damage of the endoplasmatic reticulum and mitochondrium
  • Cholinergic effect
  • Both
  • None
A

Damage of the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondrium

64
Q

Benzimidazoles have the shortest duration of action in this species

  • Horse
  • Cattle
  • Swine
  • Sheep
A

Sheep

65
Q

Resistance to benzimidazoles occurs in

  • Canine taenia
  • Both
  • Equine strongylus
  • None
A

equine strongylus

66
Q

Which agent has activity against fleas

  • Nitenpyram
  • Afoxolaner
  • None
  • Both
A

both

67
Q

Which species is sensitive to amitraz

  • Sheep
  • Cat
  • Both
  • None
A

cat

68
Q

What are the symptoms of permethrin poisoning

  • Hyperthermia
  • Tremor
  • Both
  • None
A

tremor

69
Q

How are organophosphates eliminated

  • Mostly with bile
  • Mostly urine
  • Mostly sweat
  • Mostly with saliva and exhalation
A

mostly urine

70
Q

Which drug can be used for the treatment of pyrethroid poisoning

  • Atipemazol
  • Diazepam
  • Both
  • None
A

none

71
Q

What is the characteristic to the mechanism of action of amitraz

  • Monoamine oxidase inhibition
  • Alpha 2 receptor agonist
  • Both
  • None
A

both

72
Q

Which is a systemic ectoparasiticide agent

  • Albendazole
  • Afoxolaner
  • Both
  • None
A

both

73
Q

Fluralaner is effective against

  • Mosquito
  • Tick
  • Both
  • None
A

tick

74
Q

What is the mechanism of action of propoxur

  • Reversible inhibition of acetylcholinesterase
  • irreversible inhibition of acetylcholinesterase
  • acetylcholine receptor agonist
  • acetylchline receptor antagonist
A

reversible inhibition of acetylcholinesterase

75
Q

how does humidity affect the toxicity of diazinon

  • increases
  • decreases
  • doesn’t affect
  • depending on the level of humifity, can increase or decrease.
A

increases

76
Q

What is the characteristic to the mechanism of action of macrocyclic lactones

  • cholinergic effect
  • calcium channel damage and cosequental spastic paralysis
  • teguentum damage
  • opening the glutamate-mediated chloride ion channels
A

opening the glutamate mediated chloride ion channels

77
Q

cross-resistance is possible between levamisole and

  • tetrahydropyrimidines
  • benzimidazoles
  • pyrethroids
  • isoquinoline derivates.
A

tetrahydropyrimidines

78
Q

Which agent can cause hyperpolarization in the parasite

  • moxidectin.
  • Imidacloprid
  • Both of them
  • None
A

none

79
Q

Which is a juvenile hormone analogue from the follwoings

  • Pyriproxyfen
  • Piriprol
  • Pyrantel
  • Permethrin
A

pyriproxyfen

80
Q

Macrocyclic lactone can have the following side effects

  • Muscle weakness, blindness, coma
  • Spastic paralysis, followedby coma
  • Emesis, diarrhea, fetal damage
  • Salivation, bronchoconstriction, bradycardia, urination
A

muscle weakness, blindness coma

81
Q

Which of the following agent belongs to the imidazotiazoles

  • Levamisole
  • Praziquantel
  • Pyrantel
  • Fenbendazole
A

levamisole

82
Q

How can amitraz be given

  • Chewing tablet
  • Injection
  • Both
  • None
A

none

83
Q

What is the characteristic to the mechanism of action of amitraz

  • Alpha 2 receptor antagonism
  • Inhibition of octopamine reuptake from synaptic gap
  • None
  • Both
A

inhibition of octopamine reuptake from synaptic gap

84
Q

Which is the most effective agent

  • Afoxolaner
  • Sarolaner
  • Fluralaner
  • Similar efficacy
A

fluralaner

85
Q

Praziquantel can be used against

  • Ascaris suum
  • Anoplocephala perfoliate
  • Both
  • None
A
86
Q

Praziquantel can be used against

  • Echinococcus granulosus
  • Syngamus trachea (red tracheal worm)
  • Both
  • None
A

Echinococcus granulosus

87
Q

What is the spectrum of fenbendazole

  • Anticestodal effect
  • Antinematodal effect
  • Both
  • None
A

both

88
Q

Which dog breed is sensitive to levamisole

  • Kuvasz
  • Chihuaha
  • Dobermann
  • West highland white terrier
A

Kuvasz

89
Q

How can macrocyclic lactones be given

  • Topically
  • Via inhalation
  • Both
  • None
A

topically

90
Q

This mechanism leads to the selective toxicity of ectoparasiticide

  • Slower metabolism in the parasite
  • Good distribution special barriers
  • Both
  • None
A

Both

91
Q

Juvenile hormone analogues are effective against this arthropod

  • Scabies mite
  • Fly
  • Both
  • None
A

scabies mites

92
Q

Repellent effect is important against this arthropod

  • Demodex
  • Fly
  • Both
  • None
A

demodex

93
Q

Mechanism of action of permethrin

  • Gaba receptor agonis
  • Na channel opening
  • Acetylcholine receptor antagonism
  • Acetylcholinesterase inhibition
A

Na channel opening

94
Q

Izoxasolines can be combined with

  • Pyrethroids
  • Macrocyclic lactones
  • Juvenile hormone analogues
  • All of them
A

macrocyclic lactones

95
Q

Propoxur poisoning causes

  • Emesis, diarrhea
  • Both
  • Difficult breathing
  • None
A

emesis diarrhea

96
Q

Organophosphates are effective against

  • Flea
  • Both
  • Lice
  • None
A

Both

97
Q

How can benzimidazoles be given

  • Via injection
  • Orally
  • All of them
  • Topically
A

all of them

98
Q

What is characteristic to the pharmacokinetics of levamisole

  • Quick absorption, distribution and elimination
  • Poor absorption and distribution, barely crossing the special barriers
A

poor absorption and distribution, barely crossing the special barriers

99
Q

Which is an antidote of formamidine poisoning

  • Pralidoxime
  • Both
  • None
  • Epinephrine
A

none

100
Q

Izoxasolines can be given

  • None
  • Collar
  • Injection
  • Both
A

none

101
Q

Nitenpyram is available in this form for companion animals

  • Tablet
  • Injection
A

Tablet

102
Q

Which is an etiotropic agent

  • Milbemycin oxime
  • Meloxicam
  • Medetomidine
  • Acepromazine
A

Milbemycin oxime

103
Q

Which of the following is an endectocid

  • Flumethrin
  • Triclabendazole
  • Emodepszid
A

Flumethrin

104
Q

Which species is sensitive to levamisole

  • Horse
  • Turkey
  • Chameleon
  • Sheep
A

horse

105
Q

What is the characteristic to the mechanism of action of isoquinolones

  • Reversible inhibition of the acetylcholinesterase
  • Calcium metabolism famage and consequential spastic paralysis
  • Inhibtion of microtubules polymerization
  • Gaba receptor agonism
A

calcium metabolism damage and consequentia spastic paralysis

106
Q

Levamisole toxicosis can cause

  • Sympatic signs
  • Parasympatic signs
  • Svere kidney damage
  • Flaccid paralysis
A

Parasympatic signs

107
Q

Which dog breed is sensitive to ivermectin

  • Only sheperds
  • Only terriers
  • Dogs are not sensitive
  • Any breed with MDR-1 mutation
A

any breed with MDR 1 mutation

108
Q

Izoxasolines can be given

  • tablet
  • none
  • spot on
  • Both
A

tablet

109
Q

Which is true for amitraz

  • In case of poisoning, alpha 2 receptor related symptoms occur
  • Both
  • Increased catecholamine effect elevates…
  • None
A

both

110
Q

Organophosphates are effective against

  • Tick
  • Scabies mites
  • Both
  • None
A

both

111
Q

Fipronil is effective against

  • Demodex canis
  • None
  • Both
  • Ctenocephalides felis
A

ctenocephalides felis

112
Q

Which agent has repellent effect

  • Fluralaner
  • Both
  • Flumethrin
  • None
A

flumethrin

113
Q

Diazinon is metabolised to… in the body

  • Diazoxon
  • Coumaphos
  • Both
  • None
A

diazoxon

114
Q

Which is an effective antidote of coumaphos poisoning

  • Pralidoxime
  • Epinephrine
  • Digoxin
  • Meloxicam
A

pralidoxme

115
Q

What is characteristic to the pharmacokinetics of praziquantel

  • Elimination only in unchanged form
  • Quick and good absorption if given orally
  • Cumulation in fatty tissues due to lipofilic structure
A

quick and good absorption if given orally

116
Q

Which agent has repellent effect

  • Metopren
  • Both
  • None
  • Deltamethrin
A

none

117
Q

Which species is the most sensitive to organophosphates

Sheep

Cat

Dog

Cattle

A
118
Q

Which substance is an organophosphate from the followings:

  • None of them
  • coumaphos
  • Dympilate
  • Both of them
A

both of them

119
Q

Which is not an etiotropic agent

  • Doramectin
  • Dinotefuran
  • Dexamethasone
  • Diazinon
A

dexamethasone

120
Q

How can finopril be used in companion animals

  • Tablet
  • Injection
  • None
  • Finopril can not be used in comapanion animals
A

fipronil can not used in companion animals

121
Q

MDR-1 gene mutation is more frequent in this dog breed

  • German sheperd
  • Bobtail
  • The mutation doesn’t occur in these breeds
  • Its similar in both of them
A

german shepard

122
Q

Which agent does not have adulticide effect

  • None
  • Methoprene
  • Lufenuron
  • Both
A

both

123
Q

Izoxasolines are authorized for

  • Horse
  • Cats
  • Both
  • None
A

cats

124
Q

Which macrocyclic lactone is effective against demodicosis

  • Selamectin
  • Amitrazsel
  • Both
  • None
A

selamectin

125
Q

What is characteristic to the pharmacokinetics of macrocyclic lactones

  • They are hydrophilic substances, so they are eliminated quickly with the urine
  • Their absorption is only good if they are given in injections
  • They cannot cross the blood brain barrier
  • They can cumulate in fatty tissues
A

they can accumulate in fatty tissues

126
Q

Macrocyclic lactone toxicosis has higher risk in

  • Some dog breeds
  • Some cattle breeds
  • None
  • Both
A

some dog breeds

127
Q

What is characteristic to the mechanism of action of benzimidazoles

  • Inhibition of microtubules polymerization
  • Inhibtion of the gaba mediated chloride ion channels
  • Both
  • None
A

inhibition of microtubles polymerization

128
Q

What are the symptoms of permethrin poisoning

  • Myosis
  • Both
  • Spams
  • None
A

none

129
Q

What is characteristic to the mechanism of action of flumethrin

  • Glutamate mediated cl channel opening
  • Hot foot effect
  • Both
  • None
A

hot foot effect

130
Q

Repellent effect is important against

  • Roundworms
  • Scabies mites
  • None
  • Both
A

scabies mites

131
Q

How can diazinon be neutralized if it gets on the skin

  • With soap and water
  • With concentrated alcohol
  • Both
  • None
A
132
Q

Flumethrin is effective against

  • Phlebotomus spp
  • Both
  • Varroa destructor
  • None
A

both

133
Q

How can benzimidazoles be given

  • In premix
  • In intraruminal bolus
  • Both
  • None
A

both

134
Q

Which statement is true? Usage of ectoparasiticide agents is inevitable because

  • Ectoparasites can be vectors, intermediate hosts for other parasites
  • Ectoparasites can make anials stressful
  • Both
  • None
A

both

Pharma final written 2nd semester pq (2 decks)

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