Midterm 2: Chapters 1 & 10 Flashcards
What are the three types of muscle tissue?
- skeletal muscle
- smooth muscle
- cardiac muscle
_______: voluntary, skeleton.
skeletal muscle
_______: involuntary, hollow organs.
smooth muscle
_______: involuntary, heart.
cardiac muscle
the entire muscle is surrounded by and consists of?
- surrounded by epimysium
- consists of many bundles (fasciculi)
what is the fasciculi surrounded by and consist of?
- surrounded by perimysium
- consists of individual muscle cells (muscle fibers)
what is the muscle fiber surrounded by and consist of?
- surrounded by endomysium
- consist of myofibrils divided into sarcomeres
_________: fuses with tendon, conducts action potential, maintains pH, transports nutrients.
plasmalemma also referred to as the cell membrane.
_______: cytoplasm of muscle cell, has unique features: glycogen storage, myoglobin.
sarcoplasm
______: a protein inside the muscle cell that carries oxygen.
myoglobin
_________: a protein that carries oxygen within the blood system.
hemoglobin
_________: extensions of plasmalemma, carry action potential deep into muscle fiber.
transverse tubules (T-Tubules)
________: calcium (ca 2+) storage.
sarcoplasmic reticulum
_______: muscle -> fasciculus -> muscle fiber -> ? , sections known as sarcomeres.
myofibrils
______: basic contractile element of skeletal muscle, end to end for full myofibril length.
sarcomeres
what are the band parts of the sarcomeres referred to as?
~ a-bands: dark/blue stripes
~ I-bands: light/pink stripes
~ h-zone: middle of a-band
~m-line: middle of h-zone
what is the common boundary of the sarcomeres?
Z-disk (or Z-line)
______: show up lighter under microscope (red), I-bands contains only ?.
Actin (thin filaments)
Actin (thin filaments) actually composed of three proteins what are they?
- actin
- tropomyosin
- troponin
_____: contains myosin-binding site.
actin
_____: covers active site at rest.
tropomyosin
_____: anchored to actin, moves tropomyosin.
troponin
_____: two intertwined filaments with globular heads.
myosin (thick filaments)
______: protrude 360 degrees from thick filament axis, will interact with actin filaments for contraction.
globular heads