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Midterm 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Interregnum

A

Between the kings

Ends when Charles II returns from France.

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2
Q

Hotel de Bourgogne

A

First permanent theater in France

Notable because built by Confrerie de la Passion, but before construction finished religious plays were banned.

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3
Q

Comedy of Humours

A 
Developed by Ben Johnson in early 1600s
Characters dominated by "humours" to point of obsession
RESTORATION
4 humours:
Blood
Phlegm
Yellow Bile
Black Bile
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4
Q

Historimax quote

A

“Crossed dressed actors perverse one principle use of garments

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5
Q

Master of Revels

A

Had to overlook every script and censor for the gov’t

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6
Q

Phlegm

A

Cold, moist, slow moving, dull

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7
Q

Storm and stress

A

18th century Germany

Anti neoclassicism literature art drama movement

Breaks verisimilitude

Violence onstage

Goethe writes rules for actors

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8
Q

Enlightenment

A

Middle class suddenly have mobility

Plays like middle class Tragedy pulls heroes or heroines from non-royalty

Rationality and reason with paradoxical embrace of sentimentality by upper class then rising new middle class and lower class

Experimentation in diff genres, in scenery like idea of fourth walls, new acting styles

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9
Q

Acting Style in restoration

A

Actors standing at lip of stage, declamatory.

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10
Q

Blood

A

Hot, moist, passion

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11
Q

Beaumarchais

A

Satirized aristocracy in France, pitting lower and middle class against aristocracy, precursor to French Revolution

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12
Q

Salles de machines

A

Largest theatre in Europe, 140’ stage

Royal family could be flown above the stage

Rarely used

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13
Q

Largest theater in France

A

Salles des machines

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14
Q

Charles Macklin

A

Argument with Thomas Hallam led to Hallams death

More natural, lifelike style of acting, successful as Shylock

Rivalry with Garrick’s increasing fame

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15
Q

Jon Webb

A

Son in law of Inigo Jones, designer

Brings back italianate style and staging, England opts for Groove System

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16
Q

France during 18th century

A

All theaters under govt control, The Opera and the Comedi Francaise

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17
Q

Drury Lane

A

One of two licensed theaters in England due to licensing act of 1737.

Thomas Killigrew, who built the first Drury Lane theater

Partially destroyed in fire

Built new one with King Charles II and queen in attendance

Killigrew mismanaged, theater was closed. Thomas Betterton merged two acting troupes and reopened DL.

Christopher Rich received patent, only interested in money, theater went bankrupt again in 1709.

Passed off to Fleetwood who bankrupted again due to riots.

David Garrick becomes manager in 1747, ended practice of audience members sitting on stage. Theater was prosperous.

Control went to Richard Brinsley Sheridan (The Rivals), enlarged DL.

DL burned down in 1808, reopened, then bankruptcy etc

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18
Q

Black Bile

A

Cold, dry, analytical, melancholic

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19
Q

Theatre Du Marais

A

Converted indoor tennis court

Platform stage at one end, installing additional temporary galleries

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20
Q

Ballad Opera (English)

A

Parody of Italian opera

Took well known songs of time, changing lyrics to tell story

21
Q

Sentimental Comedy

A 
Enlightenment
Like restoration comedy except it reaffirms middle class morality
Virtuous rewarded, wicked punished 
Based on comedy of manners
Satirize social conventions and norms
Contrived happy endings
Highly dramatized emotions 
Popular because population becoming more middle class
The Rivals by Richard Brinsley Sheridan
22
Q

What is poetry?

A

Spontaneous overflow of emotion recollected in tranquility

23
Q

Droll

A

Genre during interregnum (1600s)

Compresses already written play like Shakespeare to 1/5 of its size, so if police came they can get through rest of play.

24
Q

Proper language of poetry

Romanticism manifesto

A

Proper language is that of the rural man

25
How acting companies operated during restoration
Contract system - actors hired for specific time at set salary Benefit performance - a performance where they would keep all of the profits Playwrights not members of troupes
26
Sentimental Comedy
18th century England Reaffirmed middle class morality: virtuous rewarded evil punished Enlightenment Like restoration comedy, especially comedy of manners, satirize social conventions and norms but in the middle class
27
Comedy of Manners
``` Gentle parody of upper society Fashion, foibles of upper class Witty dialogue Double entendres, joyous, self congratulatory since upper class/aristocracy are in power and feel no constraints Character names on the nose RESTORATION ```
28
Drury Lane itself
Pit for audience Two doors on side of stage Gallery, upper gallery Back half had proscenium that contained scenic elements
29
Denise Diderot
One of first encyclopedias in western culture Develops domestic Tragedy "Paradox of Acting"
30
Manifesto of romanticism about
Rural natural world
31
Elements of neoclassicism
Verisimilitude - nothing can happen onstage that can't happen in real life, which brings 3 unities Can't mix Tragedy and comedy No deus ex machine Moral lesson 5 acts
32
Comedy of Intrigue
Restoration Daring exploits of romance and adventure with complicated plots Mistaken identity Swordplay Based on Capa Y Espada Machismo themes, love, honor, betrayal, rivalry The Rover by Aphra Behn
33
What is a poet, what is poetry?
A poet is a man like other men Poet could be anyone removes magic from artist
34
Laughing comedy
Antidote to weeping comedy Happy enjoyment based on display of wit
35
Actor Paradox
Any actor that truly feels emotion of character will not survive, should be better trained to develop skills to imitate emotions on stage, illusion of experiencing it
36
Palais Cardinal
First proscenium arch theater in France
37
Costuming
Contemporary clothing, whatever actors thought looked good on them.
38
William Davenant
Friend of Charles II Playwright Puts on Siege of Rhodes designed by Jon Webb, son in law to Inigo Jones
39
Yellow Bile
Volatile, hot, dry | Opposite of phlegmatic
40
Heroic Tragedy
Restoration Exotic locals Love, honor, threat that family of country would be dishonored Main character idealistic Contrived happy ending despite being a tragedy Written in ranting rhyme couplets Military theme, either returning or heading off to war Hard to fit under neoclassicism
41
Bibiena Family
Pioneers in "angle perspective/2 point perspective" Can achieve more depth with two point perspective in less space Bring baroque style to theater, ornamental, extravagant, asymmetrical Restoration
42
Domestic Tragedy
Enlightenment, part of Drame, a serious play that did not fit the neoclassical definition of Tragedy Broke neoclassical traditions of Tragedy, drew tragic heroes from emerging middle class, eschewing neoclassical rule of royal protagonists Rewarding the virtuous and punishing the wicked Sentimental, melodramatic Openly appealed to emotions, pitted good against evil
43
Comedie Francaise
Housed the French national theater Another converted tennis court Better sightlines to due horseshoe shape
44
Aphra Behn
First female playwright in classical era Criticized for being too bawdy, says it's bawdy for men who have a choice but for women it's everyday life.
45
Comic opera
Lower class Opera as revolution against legitimate theater, pulls from pantomime Actors help audience sing along
46
Weeping comedy
Comedie larmoyante Next step after sentimental Comedy Good protagonist pushed to tipping point, audience worried protagonist will be pushed to evil leading audience to tearjerking until last moment Experience catharsis "Bathetic" Eventually becomes melodrama
47
First proscenium arch in France
Palais Royale
48
David Garrick
Strove for realness as director of company and actor Strict reforms about rehearsals, 6-8 weeks in rehearsals Breaks up stage space
49
Hotel De Bourgogne
Constructed by confraternity of the passion, was sole permanent indoor theater building in Paris. Not proscenium Long narrow Competed with Theatre du Marais

Theatre History (4 decks)

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