Midterm 2 Flashcards
the desire to achieve a goal or a certain performance level, leading to goal-directed behavior
Motivation
having the skills and knowledge required to perform the job
Ability
external factors that affect performance
Environmental Factors
Maslow’s physiological and safety needs
Existence
Maslow’s social needs
Relatedness
Maslow’s esteem and self-actualization
Growth
Factors on the job such as company policies and working conditions
Hygiene Factors
factors that are intrinsic to the job, such as achievement, recognition, interesting work, increased responsibilities, advancement, and growth opportunities
Motivators
Wanting to be liked and accepted by others
Need for affiliation
Strong need to be successful
Need for achievement
Wanting to influence others and control their environment
Need for power
A person we compare ourselves to in equity theory
Referent
Individuals who give without waiting to receive much in return
Benevolents
Those who expect to receive substantial compensation for relatively little input
Entitleds
the degree to which the outcomes received from the organization are perceived to be fair
Distributive Justice
the degree to which fair decision-making procedures are used to arrive at a decision
Procedural Justice
the degree to which people are treated with respect, kindness, and dignity in interpersonal interactions
Interactional Justice
whether the person believes that high levels of effort will lead to outcomes of interest, such as performance or success
Expectancy
the degree to which the person believes that performance is related to subsequent outcomes, such as rewards
Instrumentality
The anticipated satisfaction that will result from an outcome
Valence
Making sure that behavior is met with positive consequences
Positive Reinforcement
Removal of unpleasant outcomes once desired behavior is demonstrated
Negative Reinforcement
The removal of rewards following negative behavior
Extinction
presenting negative consequences following unwanted behaviors
Punishment
breaking down jobs into their simplest components and assigning them to employees so that each person would perform a select number of tasks in a repetitive manner
Job specializaiton
moving employees from job to job at regular intervals
Job Rotation
expanding the tasks performed by employees to add more variety
Job Enlargement
a job redesign technique that allows workers more control over how they perform their own tasks
Job Enrichment
the changes employees make to their own job description
Job Crafting
