Midterm 2

Question 1

What is intellectual property?

Answer 1

Any intangible creative work (but not its particular physical form) can be considered intellectual property.

Question 2

According to Intellectual Property Laws, the value of intelligence and artistic work comes from:

Answer 2

Creativity,Original and implemented ideas,Specific Research or Original Experiments,Individually acquired skills (that are not widely shared),Labor,Non-material efforts (intellectual design),Any attributes provided solely by the creator.

Question 3

Copyright holders have exclusive rights to:

Answer 3

Make copies,Distribute copies,Perform the work in public (live music, plays…),Display the work in public (artwork, movies, computer games, video or other content on a web site…),Produce derivative works, such as translations or movies based on books.

Question 4

Copyrights vs Patents:

Answer 4

Copyrights are exclusive rights to a particular expression, idea, information or original creationPatents are granted for some original work that can also be identified as a non-obvious invention or discovery.

Question 5

First copyright law passed in what year and how long were copyrights protected?

Answer 5

1790, it protected books, maps, and charts for 14 years.

Question 6

The fair use doctrine was passed in response to:

Answer 6

Widespread use of PCs by businesses

Question 7

The fair use doctrine identified several conditions for determining copyright violation:

Answer 7

• Nonprofit vs Commercial use- Creative vs Factual material- Amount and significance of content to be used- Effect on potential market value of original work

Question 8

The fair use doctrine was revised to include __________ and ____________ that exhibit intellectual authorship. This was done in response to what?

Answer 8

Software and databases. Done in response to the first chess program, which copied another program’s code and used a different logo to distribute it.

Question 9

What is the digital millenium copyright act?

Answer 9

Prohibits making, distributing or using tools to bypass copyright protection for copyrighted work. Protects against lawsuits by granting a short time period for website owners to remove violating material before they could be sued.

Question 10

What are the 3 types of media?

Answer 10

Print, broadcast, and common carriers.

Question 11

What is network neutrality?

Answer 11

ISPs should be required (among other things) to treat all data equally and avoid blocking any legal data from users.

Question 12

What type of content, if any, needs to be blocked from the Interwebz?

Answer 12

Child pornography,Footage of crimes being committed, etc.

Question 13

Internet can be blocked in public access points but only through _______________. The ISP must allow ___ __________ ____________ to be accessed from anywhere.

Answer 13

Personal firewalls,All lawful content.

Question 14

What is wisdom of the crowd?

Answer 14

The collective opinion of a group of individuals, rather than a single expert to answer a question.

Question 15

What is an example of “wisdom of the crowd”?

Answer 15

Wikipedia, it’s written by volunteers

Question 16

What is the Neo-Luddite view of technology?

Answer 16

Focuses on the shortcomings of technology and see the Digital Divide as a widening problem.-Technology causes massive unemployment-There is no real need for new technology (we use it because it is there, not because it satisfies a need)-Technology causes social inequity and class systems-Technology separates people from nature and leads to us destroying the environment.

Question 17

What is outsourcing?

Answer 17

when one company pays another company to either build parts for its products or to perform services instead of handling those tasks itself.

Question 18

What is offshoring?

Answer 18

the practice of moving self-managed business processes or services to another country, usually overseas, to reduce costs.

Question 19

Benefits of offshoring/outsourcing?

Answer 19

Ability to avoid one country’s technical, ethical or manufacturing regulations, while continuing to operate within that country’s economic system.Some companies that wouldn’t otherwise be able to hire workers can now compete for business.

Question 20

Problems with offshoring/outsourcing?

Answer 20

Companies that do this may eventually have to answer to social standards, which they may not be prepared for.Increased domestic unemployment rate (at least, initially).Increased demand for high-skilled workers in other country forces domestic salaries to drop

Question 21

What is onshoring?

Answer 21

When a foreign company employs workers in a domestic fashion (ex. A German company that employs workers in the US).

Question 22

Early employee monitoring was mostly used in what types of jobs?

Answer 22

blue-collar (factory) and pink-collar (telephone and clerical) jobs.

Question 23

Some examples of modern employee monitoring are in the following jobs:

Answer 23

Data entry, Phone work, and Retail.

Question 24

What is the Electronic Communications Privacy Act (ECPA)?

Answer 24

Prohibits interception of email without a court order.

Question 25

Who is excused in the Electronics Communications Privacy Act?

Answer 25

Systems that are company owned, like laptops, phones, etc.

Question 26

Names two forms of media that can lead to the digital divide?

Answer 26

Email. Social networking. Video. Audio. Print media (the onion).

Question 27

Who’s a vulnerable viewer online?

Answer 27

Old peopleUninformed peopleChildren The losing side of the digital divide.

Question 28

What are the 3 types of faults?

Answer 28

Responsibility, Liability, Accountability.

Question 29

What are the 3 types of faults?

Answer 29

Responsibility, Liability, Accountability.

Question 30

Which is the easiest form of media to regulate?

Answer 30

Print is easy. Broadcast is medium. Common carriers is hard.

Question 31

Which is the easiest form of media to regulate?

Answer 31

Print is easy. Broadcast is medium. Common carriers is hard.

Question 32

Three technologies or inventions that make copyright infringing easier?

Answer 32

DVR, CD burning, torrents.

Question 33

Three technologies or inventions that make copyright infringing easier?

Answer 33

DVR, CD burning, torrents.