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psy270 > midterm > Flashcards

midterm Flashcards

1
Q

perception

A

how stimulus gets represented in our mind so we can act upon whats going on around us

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2
Q

agnosia

A

deficit in recognition despite normal vision due to brain damage

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3
Q

appreceptive agnosia

A

cant name, match, copy, or discriminate visual stimuli\ncant combine basic visual information to form an image\nlike glancing at something and looking away really fast

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4
Q

associative agnosia

A

cant recognize the objects they are looking at \ncan copy bc they can combine features\nthey can guess but its not real perception

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5
Q

steps to visual perception as indicated by agnosia

A
  1. input\n2. assemble basic visual components (appreceptive agnosia)\n3. meaning is links to visual input (associative agnosia)
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6
Q

experience error

A

assumption that what you see is accurate because perception is so effortless\nex. visual illusion show that we dont always perceive an accurate representation of visual stimulus

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7
Q

smooth pursuit

A

the smooth trail your eyes take when youre following a moving object with your eyes

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8
Q

fixation–saccade

A

a type of experience error in which your eyes jump between stationary objects \nreal visual perception is suppressed to avoid a blur when your eyes move aka gaps in your visual every time your eyes move aka not actually perceiving what were seeing aka experience erro\nwe get visual info during fixation not saccade

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9
Q

Distal stimulus

A

something perceived at a distance that we cannot access

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10
Q

proximal stimulus

A

mental representation of distal stimulus

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11
Q

computational approach to perception

A

concerned with discovering how the brain represents and interprets distal stimulus (the physically objective reality of the object) aka proximal stimulus

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12
Q

gestalt approach to perception

A

uses organizational principles to create meaningful perception of the environment \n”the whole is different than the sum of its parts”\naka gestalt is about grouping not breaking features down\nnot predictive

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13
Q

bottom up processing

A

data driven\nwe recognize patterns my analyzing stimulus piece by piece

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14
Q

top down processing

A

conceptually driven\nperception is influenced by past experience and prior knowledge

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15
Q

template matching theory

A

computational approach\n according to template theory we have a mental ‘stencil’ for an array of different patterns (especially for letters) \nIt would be impossible to have so many templates in our mind\n\nworks for computers not people

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16
Q

feature matching theory

A

computational approach\n we have a system for analysing each distinct feature of a visual item\n\neg. pandemonium

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17
Q

pandemonium model

A

selfridge\nfeature matching theory\nimage, feature, cognitive, and decision demons\ncapture image, identify their feature, yell for most likely letter, and choose letter\nserial processing

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18
Q

problems with pandemonium model

A

doesnt explain how features come together, just that cog demons know how\ndoesn’t try to understand 3D perception

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19
Q

physiological support for feature matching theoru

A

feature detector neurons\nstill doesnt explain configuration problem

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20
Q

structuralism

A

wundt and titchener\nanalyatic introspection\ncontent of thoughts\nwas pretty scientific but titchener got rid of repeatability so not great

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21
Q

functionalism

A

william james\npurpose of thought

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22
Q

4 principles of scientific methos

A
  1. empiricism (conclusions based on data)\n2. determinism (observation has a cause)\n3. testability (falsification)\n4. parsimony (simplest theory that explains all data)
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23
Q

behaviourism

A

watson and skinner\nblack box

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24
Q

latent learning

A

tolman rat experiment

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25
Q

problems with behaviourism

A

no latent learning (tolman)\nno language explanation – ppl come up with new stuff all the time they weren’t taught like kids saying \i hate you mommy/ for dramatic affect (chomsky)

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26
Q

Newell and Simon

A

first designed a computer program Logic Theorist which was better than humans\nfirst thinking machine\nsuggested brains are a symbol system

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27
Q

neisser

A

coined the term cognitive psychology\nfirst to think of human brains as information processes\nfirst to use suggest computer models to explain human brain functions

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28
Q

representationalism

A

Describes how the unobservable mind can act on the real world

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29
Q

Aboutness

A

the conscious experience we have about the world; mental representation is what our consciousness holds about our surrounding reality \nlike a stage\nassumes all thoughts are mental representations about something real

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30
Q

Marr

A

proposed that if computers process information and so does our mind, then our mind must be computational

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31
Q

Modern understanding of cognitive psychology

A

Mind stores symbols representations from an input which are manipulated with rules to produce an output.

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32
Q

connectionism

A

alternate theory of computing\nseries of neurons connected instead of symbols

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33
Q

embodied cognition

A

believes info is given by real world interaction and not representation, therefore you cannot study perception in a vacuum without real body interaction\nex. ppl carrying heavy books thought staircase was steeper than ppl who didnt

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34
Q

grounding problem

A

issue for AI and cog psych\ncan never actually define a symbol without another symbol\nonly way around is to actually hold the thing

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35
Q

machine learning

A

Machine learning is a type of AI programming in which computers learn from data to improve their performance on tasks without explicit instructions for each step.

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36
Q

artificial neural networks

A

a rtificial neural networks are a key machine learning technique modeled on the structure and function of the human brain.They allow computers to learn complex patterns and adapt to new information, offering a potential path to replicating human cognitive abilities

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37
Q

what are some of the key challenges in developing human–like AI?

A

complexity of the real world (hard to predict every thing), hard to replicate human ability to filter important info, hard to replicate human flexibility

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38
Q

The “cognitive revolution” led to the idea of cognition as a form of ______

A

computation

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39
Q

operant vs classical condioning

A

active vs passive particpant

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40
Q

science works on the premise of…

A

pragmatic materialism

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41
Q

materialism is a type of…

A

monism

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42
Q

To say two functions are doubly dissociated indicates that those two functions ______.

A

involve different mechanisms\nlike how speech production and comprehension are doubly dissociated (broca and wernickes aphasia)

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43
Q

parietal lobe

A

attention and sensory processing

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44
Q

temporal lobe

A

meaning of sensory info and language

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45
Q

This technique simulates the basic architecture of the human brain.

A

artificial neural network

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46
Q

This type of neuron receives information from neurons and sends information to other neurons.

A

association

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47
Q

specificity vs distributed vs sparse encoding

A

one neuron one task, group of neurons at different rates, combo of two (some same some dif)

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48
Q

biedermans recognition by components

A

type of feature matching\ngeons (3d shapes) are viewpoint invariant (can be recognized from any angle) because they have nonaccidental properties (things that belong to the object regardless of viewpoint)\n\nBUT recognition is impaired when we view objects from noncanonical viewpoints\nbasically, we break down features to identify unless the feature is hidden – not true for humans

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49
Q

viewpoint invarient

A

can be recognized from any angle\nbiederman

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50
Q

nonaccidental properties

A

properties that belong to the object regardless of viewpoint\nex. parallel lines on a phone are nonaccidental and shadows are accidental (sometimes there)\nbiederman

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51
Q

noncanonical viewpoints

A

unconventional viewpoints in which nonaccidental properties are hidden and so they are hard to identify

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52
Q

view based recognition

A

top down\nagainst biederman – ppl are not viewpoint invariant, we are view point sensitive/centered and context does matter in how we perceive its not just the geons (feature matching)\nsuggested by the fact that we recognize faster from familiar viewpoints

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53
Q

is biederman bu or td

A

bottom up

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54
Q

arguments agianst bottom up processing

A

too long to analyze feature by feature\ncant explain within category descrimination

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55
Q

patter recognition depends on (top down/bottom up)

A

top down

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56
Q

light from above heuristic

A

example of top down processing \nevolutionarily, we assume all light comes from above, so we perceive depth based on this assumption

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57
Q

gestalt bu or td

A

top down

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58
Q

law of proximity

A

gestalt \nif close, we group

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59
Q

law of similarity

A

gestalt\nif similar in feature, we group

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60
Q

law of common region

A

gestalt\nif enclosed, we group

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61
Q

why is gestalt not predictive

A

bc we cannot predict what laws will win out in every occasion, depends on each image

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62
Q

role of experience in gesalt

A

if youve associated it before, you will group it again in the future

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63
Q

direct perception approach

A

gibson\nembodied cognition approach\nargued that classical perception study focuses on ‘indirect’ representation of objects (distal) whereas we should focus on the direct representation (proximal)\ngoal of perspective is action

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64
Q

ambient optic array

A

Because we are always moving around, the ambient optic array is all that is needed to gain information about the world

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65
Q

what is motion

A

optic flow (continuous change in optic array)\nif flow, observer in motion\ndirection of flow indicates the direction the observer is mover

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66
Q

object affordances

A

gibson’s direct perception approach\nthe knowledge of how to interact with things in the world that we learned from interactions with our body\nex. look at a chair and know it “affords” sitting

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67
Q

in Gibsons direct perception approach, affordances directly connect ____and ____ without the need for ____ processes. \nthere is no ___ stimulus and no role of ____

A

perception, action, cognitive\nproximal (perceptual representation), memory (top–down processing)

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68
Q

dorsal stream for object recognition

A

“where/how” stream – how do i act on this\nlateral occipital cortex to parietal\naction affects perception\nideomotor apraxia

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69
Q

temporal stream for object recognition

A

“what” stream – what is this\nllateral occipital cortex to temporal\naction does not affect perception\n associative agnosia pt have damage here

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70
Q

ideomotor apraxia

A

damage to dorsal stream of recognition\nknow what it is but not how to use it\nopposite of associative agnosia

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71
Q

blind sight

A

damage to the occipital cortex\ndissociation/independence of visual recognition and vision for action

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72
Q

facial recognition brain area

A

fusiform face area – FFA

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73
Q

Constructive Perception

A

the brain builds a mental model of the world based on sensory input and prior knowledge. This model accounts for the stability of perception despite constantly changing sensory information.\n “These observations suggest that our brains take an unstable, divided sensory input and turn it into a stable, unified model of the world.”

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74
Q

Transduction

A

the process of converting a physical stimulation into a neural code

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75
Q

Exteroception

A

The sensing and processing of information from the external environment by the five senses

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76
Q

Interoception

A

The sensing and processing of information from inside the body

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77
Q

Figure–group assignment

A

the determination of which side of a boundary contains the shape versus the background Our brain has a bias for identifying convex and symmetrical figures as the figure

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78
Q

phonemic restoration effect

A

An auditory illusion where missing sounds in speech are “filled in” by the brain based on the context and expectations of the language\ntop down

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79
Q

What are figure–ground cues?

A

Cues used by the brain to determine figure and ground, including convexity, symmetry, and smaller region.

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80
Q

scene schemas

A

Our knowledge of what objects typically appear in certain scenes

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81
Q

exogenous attention

A

stimulus driven – something catches our attention

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82
Q

endogenous attention

A

deciding to pay attention to something

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83
Q

overt attention

A

Overt attention involves directly focusing our eyes on the object or location we’re attending to.\nalways happens with exogenous attention, its very hard to not look at something that catches our attention

84
Q

covert attention

A

Covert attention involves shifting our attention without moving our eyes, allowing us to attend to something in our peripheral vision without directly looking at it like looking away when eavesdropping\nalways endogenous, hard to not attend to something that you are paying attention to so it has to be purposeful

85
Q

automatic vs controlled attention

A

continuum of how much attention is needed to perform the given task

86
Q

stimulus saliency (attention–grabbing) drives attention is a bu/td theory

A

bottom up

87
Q

attenion is driven by goal–directed information is a bu/td theory

A

top down

88
Q

change blindness

A

the effect that happens if changes occur to something you are attending to but because the change isn’t salient (attention grabbing) you will not be CONSCIOUS of it

89
Q

inattention blindness

A

Inattentional blindness is the failure to notice unexpected stimuli when our attention is focused elsewhere. This demonstrates that we are often unaware of things outside our attentional focus.\n\nno change involved

90
Q

dichotic listening task

A

broadbent
people could recognize sensory information of the auditory stimuli they were NOT attending to but not the meaning\nproblems: they could hear their own name or follow a message

91
Q

early selection filter model

A

broadbent\nsensory memory of features like pitch (stored briefly) –> filter for relevant info–> detector –> LTM\nbasically, we don’t even pick up unattended information, just its sensory features\nFILTER EARLY

92
Q

triesmans experiment

A

will people follow a message if important info is playing in the unattended ear

93
Q

triesmans attenuation model

A

attenuator (adjusts volume of all stimulus according to relevance) –> dictionary unit –> memory\nbasically, everything is picked up regardless of intention and is adjusted based on whether you intend to attend to it, intensity, importance, etc. \nUnattended information is weakened, not completely blocked. \nmiddle selection

94
Q

capacity theories of attention

A

fixed amount of attention resources\ntasks take different amounts of cognitive load (amount of attention required) which affect our additional resources available

95
Q

cognitive load

A

amount of attention the task requires

96
Q

flanker compatibility task

A

supports divided attention theory\nin low load condition, where there were no distractors, the flanker took all the ppt extra available attention and they were slower at identifying target

97
Q

features of automatic processes

A

dont require attention, fast, can be done in parallel with something else, cannot be modified once started

98
Q

features of controlled processes

A

require attention, slow, serial, under conscious control, can be made automatic with practice

99
Q

stroop task

A

reading the word blue in yellow\nharder to identify because reading is automatic and identifying colours is not\nwe must finish reading before we can identify colour

100
Q

capacity of attention

A

4 plus or minus 1 items at a time

101
Q

vigilance

A

attention as a spotlight through space\nfaster at identifying things if we were primed to look there\neven more effective for objects, not just space

102
Q

halle berry experiment

A

single neurons can encode for highly specific information\nsparse encoding

103
Q

binding problem

A

is one role of attention to bind features? how does attention combine separate features into an object? \nconclusion through visual search experiments: feature binding is a result of focused attention

104
Q

feature search

A

visually search for a single unique feature\n”jumps out at you”

105
Q

conjunction search

A

visually search for two features\nlonger than single feature search

106
Q

IV and DV for visual search task

A

IV: type of search (conjunction or feature), number of distractors, presence of a target\nDV: RT to respond

107
Q

feature integration theory

A

visual search is a two–step process\n1. preattentive stage (single feature pops out)\n2. focused attention stage (attention bind features at that location to cause recognition)\nif that object isn’t the target, then you move to another location and restart

108
Q

preattentive stage

A

single feature pops out– no attention needed\nfirst step of feature integration theory

109
Q

focused attention phase

A

attention bind features at that location to cause recognition\nsecond stage of feature integrative theory

110
Q

multitasking

A

rapid task switching\ncauses time costs for readjustments and decreased costs

111
Q

_____ errors occur when attention fails to bind features of unattended objects.

A

conjunction

112
Q

cueing task shows that attention does what?

A

prepares the brain to process specific stimuli, speeding up response times

113
Q

How does attentional load affect filtering?

A

Under high load, the attentional filter is more strict, and less unattended information gets through. Under low load, the filter is more flexible, and more unattended information may be processed

114
Q

How does attention guide visual search?

A

attention helps us selectively process information in the visual field, guiding our search for the target. In conjunction search, attention is needed to bind features together and compare each item to the target’s features

115
Q

T value

A

relative difference between the means, the bigger the t value the larger the difference

116
Q

within vs between subject studies

A

different people in each group vs one group of people

117
Q

individual samples t test is for…

A

b/w subject

118
Q

paired samples t test

A

within subject

119
Q

anova

A

tells you which t test to run

120
Q

atkinson–shiffrin multi modal memory model

A

sensory input (everything) –> sensory memory (unattended info is lost) –>through attention–> short term memory (unrehearsed info is lost) –>through encoding/retrieval–> LTM\nsimplistic

121
Q

sensory memory

A

different memory stores for each sense\nattention passes info from sensory memory to STM

122
Q

iconic memory

A

visual sensory memory

123
Q

whole report technique

A

recall as much as you can

124
Q

sperling sensory store investigation

A

with whole report, 3–4 sensory items were recalled\nwith partial report, 76% were recalled\ntherefore, 3–4 was due to short duration\ncaps out at 12 items, therefore capacity is 9

125
Q

iconic (sensory) memory capacity

A

around 9 items

126
Q

duration of iconic memory vs limit of sensory memory in which it becomes WM or STM

A

150 ms vs 1s

127
Q

within a second, what number of items can move from sensory memory to STM? Why?

A

4 because attention transports b/w sensory and STM and its capacity is 4

128
Q

duration of echoic and tactile sensory memory? capacity?

A

around 4–5 seconds\ndoesnt really have a capacity bc items are arbitrary in touch/sounds, its just how much fits in 5 secs

129
Q

when you ask someone to repeat themselves but then understand what they said before they do, the sound is stored in ___ and understood because ___

A

sensory memory\nyou went back to attend to it

130
Q

STM duration

A

10–20 sec WITHOUT rehearsal

131
Q

STM capacity

A

7 plus or minus 2 items or MEANINGFUL chunks\ndepending on person\nlike slots

132
Q

different ____ have different digit span capacities because ___

A

languages\nwe rehearse things verbally and some languages have longer numbers

133
Q

STM span is smaller for ___ lists

A

rhyming

134
Q

what suggested that STM is stored acoustically?

A

stm is smaller for rhyming lists\nstm is smaller for languages with multisyllabic numbers

135
Q

default is to ___ code something to STM, if not ___

A

verbally\nvisual

136
Q

change detection paradigm

A

present pictures, respond yes/no if they are the same or not

137
Q

STM capacity for VISUAL info\nwhy?

A

4 items\nbc attention, for verbal rehearsal, items are not relevant

138
Q

working memory

A

baddeley\nalternative to STM that was actually predictive of performance in everyday tasks bc it proposes that WM actually manipulates the information as well as stores it\nmade up of central executive, phonological loop (verbal info), visuo–spatial sketch pad

139
Q

WM capacity and duration

A

capacity depends on the task\nnot limited by duration, as long as it is actively being attended to/manipulated, it will stay

140
Q

phonological loop aka

A

verbal STM

141
Q

phonological loop storage depends on

A

phonological store and articulatory rehearsal process

142
Q

articulatory rehearsal process converts __ into ___

A

visual info, verbal code

143
Q

articulatory suppression

A

saying lalala while youre trying to remember something – preventing articulatory rehearsal and therefore encoding\nhas to occur DURING encoding

144
Q

word length effect

A

more syllables = remember less

145
Q

phonological similarity effect

A

sound similar/rhyme = remember less

146
Q

articulatory suppression eliminates ___ effect and ___ effect because…

A

phonological similarity, word legnth\nit forces you to code the information visually not verbally so these things cant take effect

147
Q

central executive

A

where processing occursattentional control mechanism\nrequired for initiating recall, integrating info, planning actions\nregulates relevant and irrelevant info

148
Q

high WM capacity is associated with better ____ and therefore more ___

A

ability to disregard irrelevant info\nfree memory slots available at any time

149
Q

operation span

A

how many words you can remember while doing algebra in between each word

150
Q

span tasks correlate with ___, including ___

A

everyday tasks\nacademic performance

151
Q

baddeley’s revised WM model

A

CE connects to PL and VSS and an episodic buffer which all connect to LTM\nCE higher level

152
Q

episodic buffer

A

baddeley revised model\nused to integrate info from different modalities (verbal, visual) into a complete memory\nbinds info from WM and LTM

153
Q

domain general and parallel activation WM model

A

one LTM “cloud” \nWM is when we attend to info in the cloud in 3–4 items at a time

154
Q

visual change detection task

A

yes/no did the display change\nnear perfect at 4 items or less, after that, performance drops\nchunking can help

155
Q

VSTM capacity

A

3–5 items

156
Q

Both ___ and ___ contribute to forgetting in STM

A

decay\ninterference

157
Q

Proactive Interference

A

Proactive interference happens when information you learned previously interferes with your ability to remember new information\nold info affects new

158
Q

ppt were better at remembering auditory information when they responded visually (pointing) and better at remembering visual information when they responded verbally (speaking) because of…

A

interference

159
Q

Retroactive interference

A

refers to cases in which newer information causes you to forget something from the past\nnew info affects old

160
Q

Working memory capacity has been correlated with, and shown to predict, what?

A

general intelligence, mathematical and reasoning abilities

161
Q

duration and capacity for LTM

A

unknown

162
Q

broadly, LTM is stored…

A

semantically

163
Q

serial position effects

A

primacy effect\nrecency effect

164
Q

evidence that primacy and recency effects involve separate memory systems comes from the fact that…

A

we can eliminate one at a time\n beginning is LTM, end is STM

165
Q

how to make recency effect worse? primacy effect worse?

A

increase delay after finishing list\ndecrease time between items

166
Q

poor memory in the middle of lists can be explained by…

A

decay and both proactive and retroactive interference

167
Q

Squire memory system framework

A

LTM split into nondeclarative and declarative down to the brain systems

168
Q

examples of declarative memory

A

facts, events

169
Q

examples of nondeclarative memory (4)

A

procedural skills (muscle memory), priming (better second time), classical conditioning, nonassociative learning (learning without stimulus like desensitization)

170
Q

explicit memory tasks

A

recognition, recall

171
Q

serial recall

A

recall in the order provided

172
Q

implicit memory tasks

A

procedural (muscle memory), priming (repetition and semantic)

173
Q

repetition priming

A

faster at responding to the same stimulus after repetition

174
Q

semantic priming

A

faster at responding to stimulus that is semantically related (like cat and dog)

175
Q

retrograde amensia is worse ____ and better ___

A

recently before the injury, long before the injury

176
Q

anterograde amensia

A

memory loss for events AFTER trauma

177
Q

memory consolidation

A

forming new memories

178
Q

H.M demonstrated normal ____ learning, like ____

A

implicit\npriming (word completion tasks), procedural tasks

179
Q

synaptic consolidation

A

consolidation of memories occurring at the neuronal level (between two adjacent neurons)\nfast (around 1 min)

180
Q

systems consolidation

A

consolidation of memories occuring between multiple brain structures ex. semantic memories\ncan take decades to form long lasting stable memories\n Involves the hippocampus and cortex

181
Q

reconsolidation

A

consolidation of a memory that occurs when memory is reactivated (relearned)\nfaster than if it were truly new info

182
Q

long term potentiation (LTP)

A

LTM increases the sensitivity of postsynaptic neurons by causing structural changes\naka after repeated presentation of a stimulus, the synapse changes structurally to be more sensitive\n a neural process that strengthens the connections between neurons, making it easier for them to fire together in the future

183
Q

H.M has his ____ removed, which is particularly important for systems consolidation

A

medial temporal lobe

184
Q

consolidation is ___ but retrieval is ___ (standard model)

A

hippocampal dependant\nhippocampul independant

185
Q

hippocampal dependant consolidation

A

hippocampus binds info across different cortical areas that are strengthened over time. cortex maintains these connections independent of the hippocampus

186
Q

multiple trace theory (MTT)

A

hippocampal dependant consolidation and hippocampal independent retrieval but for SEMANTIC MEMS ONLY\nfor episodic memory, both are hp dependant

187
Q

why is standard consolidation theory and MTT still in debate

A

hard to falsify because we often compensate for a missing episodic memory with semantic memory (facts about the event)\nit seems true that ppl with hp lesions do NOT have episodic memories and are just compensating (consistent with MTT)

188
Q

generally believed that all ___ memories start as ____ memories. This is disproved by ____

A

semantic\nepisodic\nyoung ppl with episodic anterograde amnesia who were still able to have a normal language development and IQ – this would not be possible if all his semantic memories started as episodic

189
Q

levels of processing LTM theory

A

processing view of memory instead of systems view\nhow we encode info affects the likelihood of retrieval, rather than where it is stored or how long it was stored for – “deep processing”\nemphasis on maintenance and elaborative rehearsal\nsupported by better memory when you are tested on meaning

190
Q

maintenance rehearsal

A

processing system\nkeep info active in STM

191
Q

elaborative rehearsal

A

link info in STM with info already in LTM\nbasically add meaning

192
Q

levels of processing experiment

A

ask yes/no about two words based on font, rhyme, and meaning\nin a surprised recall task, meaning words are best remembered\n”deep processing”

193
Q

problems with levels of processing theory

A

circular logic – what is “deep processing” other than it leads to better memory\nsometimes, shallow processing is better than deep processing

194
Q

isolation effect/von restoff effect

A

distinctiveness is easier to rememeber\none cue tells us exactly where to find information

195
Q

forgetting LTM is often due to ___ failures, not ___

A

retrieval\nthat was not encoded

196
Q

encoding specificity principle

A

memory better for meaningless cued recall than for meaningful category recognition\neven weirder bc recognition is usually easier than recall\ntherefore, learning is better when any condition present during the encoding of information can help with later retrieval, even seemingly irrelevant details

197
Q

transfer appropriate processing

A

encoding specificity theory\nmatch between the type of processing used at encoding and retrieval

198
Q

context depending learning

A

environmental context effects\nencoding specificity theory

199
Q

state depedant learning

A

mood dependant effects\nencoding specificity theory

200
Q

how to improve LTM

A

imagery, distributed practice, elaborative rehearsal

201
Q

STM retains ____, while LTM primarily stores ____

A

specific sensory details\n the meaning and abstract representation of information.

202
Q

Hippocampal Replay

A

Reactivation of neural activity patterns observed during initial encoding, contributing to systems consolidation.

203
Q

Which type of memory is least prone to forgetting?

A

procedural

204
Q

encoding specificity vs transfer dependant

A

specific cues or contexts present at encoding and retrieval vs match between the type of processing used at encoding and retrieval\n Transfer–appropriate processing is like using the same tool for both building and disassembling something. Encoding specificity is like having a specific key that unlocks a particular memory.

205
Q

Digit span task average

A

8

206
Q

brown–peterson task

A

trigrams\ntest STM duration without rehearsal

psy270 (2 decks)

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