midterm Flashcards
perception
how stimulus gets represented in our mind so we can act upon whats going on around us
agnosia
deficit in recognition despite normal vision due to brain damage
appreceptive agnosia
cant name, match, copy, or discriminate visual stimuli\ncant combine basic visual information to form an image\nlike glancing at something and looking away really fast
associative agnosia
cant recognize the objects they are looking at \ncan copy bc they can combine features\nthey can guess but its not real perception
steps to visual perception as indicated by agnosia
- input\n2. assemble basic visual components (appreceptive agnosia)\n3. meaning is links to visual input (associative agnosia)
experience error
assumption that what you see is accurate because perception is so effortless\nex. visual illusion show that we dont always perceive an accurate representation of visual stimulus
smooth pursuit
the smooth trail your eyes take when youre following a moving object with your eyes
fixation–saccade
a type of experience error in which your eyes jump between stationary objects \nreal visual perception is suppressed to avoid a blur when your eyes move aka gaps in your visual every time your eyes move aka not actually perceiving what were seeing aka experience erro\nwe get visual info during fixation not saccade
Distal stimulus
something perceived at a distance that we cannot access
proximal stimulus
mental representation of distal stimulus
computational approach to perception
concerned with discovering how the brain represents and interprets distal stimulus (the physically objective reality of the object) aka proximal stimulus
gestalt approach to perception
uses organizational principles to create meaningful perception of the environment \n”the whole is different than the sum of its parts”\naka gestalt is about grouping not breaking features down\nnot predictive
bottom up processing
data driven\nwe recognize patterns my analyzing stimulus piece by piece
top down processing
conceptually driven\nperception is influenced by past experience and prior knowledge
template matching theory
computational approach\n according to template theory we have a mental ‘stencil’ for an array of different patterns (especially for letters) \nIt would be impossible to have so many templates in our mind\n\nworks for computers not people
feature matching theory
computational approach\n we have a system for analysing each distinct feature of a visual item\n\neg. pandemonium
pandemonium model
selfridge\nfeature matching theory\nimage, feature, cognitive, and decision demons\ncapture image, identify their feature, yell for most likely letter, and choose letter\nserial processing
problems with pandemonium model
doesnt explain how features come together, just that cog demons know how\ndoesn’t try to understand 3D perception
physiological support for feature matching theoru
feature detector neurons\nstill doesnt explain configuration problem
structuralism
wundt and titchener\nanalyatic introspection\ncontent of thoughts\nwas pretty scientific but titchener got rid of repeatability so not great
functionalism
william james\npurpose of thought
4 principles of scientific methos
- empiricism (conclusions based on data)\n2. determinism (observation has a cause)\n3. testability (falsification)\n4. parsimony (simplest theory that explains all data)
behaviourism
watson and skinner\nblack box
latent learning
tolman rat experiment