midterm Flashcards
test battery considerations for (C)APD
sensitivity and specificity, test reliability, ease of administration, population characteristics, symptom specific considerations and patient specific considerations
what does it mean by symptoms specific considerations
test battery should be motivated by the referring complain and the relevant information available to the audiologist
-working with the symptoms
what does it mean by patient specific considerations
does the patient have the abilities to do the test
-do they have the developmental maturity
-looking into cognitive issues, memory issues, any history of TBIs, trauma and concussions
for a (C)APD test battery, what central processes should be assessed
dichotic processes, temporal processes, binaural interaction and monaural low redundancy speech/auditory closure processes
dichotic processes test assess…
binaural integration or binaural separation
-sensitive to lesions of the corpus callosum and cerebral cortex
temporal processes and pattern tests assess …
pattern perception and temporal functioning abilities
-sensitive to a compromised right hemisphere however if the test requires a verbal response it is sensitive to left hemisphere lesions
binaural interaction/fusion assess …
interaction between two ears
monaural low redundancy speech/auditory closure processes assess …
involving modification of the signal in order to assess auditory closure
-sensitive to auditory closure abilities
-not sensitive to brainstem lesions
recommendations for a (C)APD evaluation
case history, pre-test standardization questionnaires, behavioral measures, electrophysiologic measures, psychoeducational measures, speech and language evaluation
(C)APD screening questionnaires
CHAPS, SIFTER and fishers auditory problem checklist
children’s auditory performance scale (CHAPS)
evaluates listening behaviors within diverse listening situations
-assess the child’s ability in comparison to child’s peers
-created by smoski, brint and tanhill
ages for the CHAPS
7 years and older
screening instrument for targeting educational risk (SIFTER)
compares the child’s functional abilities to the peers within academics, attention, communication, class participation and social behavior
-created by anderson
ages for the SIFTER
first through fifth grade
fishers auditory problem checklist
itemizes behaviors of a child within the classroom including failure to attend instructions, need for repeated instructions, how easily they are distracted, degrading processing in a competing acoustic environment and addresses attention and memory issues
-created by fisher
ages for fishers auditory problem checklist
according to wilson et al, what was the relationship that was found between the screeners and behavioral tests
poor ability was found of the screeners to predict the individual diagnostic test results or their overall risk for (C)APD
-they concluded that screeners should be used to highlight concerns about a child but not to determine whether a diagnostic (C)APD assessment is warranted
-deficits were found in short term/working memory that could impact performance on (C)APD tests
(C)APD behavioral tests
PSI, ACPT and the SCAN-3C
pediatric speech intelligibility test (PSI)
a low redundancy speech test that has the child point to the image corresponding to the sentence that is heard in competing noises
-created by jerger and jerger
ages for the PSI
3 to 6
what does the PSI assess
auditory figure ground and auditory closure
-sensitive to lower brainstem deficits
auditory continuous performance test (ACPT)
a attention test that requires the patient to press the button when they hear the word dog, is it presented 96 times for 6 trials
-created by keith
ages for the ACPT
6 to 11 years
what does the ACPT assess
selective attention and sustained attention
SCAN-3C
a test that can identify processing disorders in all areas including temporal processing, listening in noise, dichotic listening and listening to degraded speech
-created by keith
ages for the SCAN-3C
5 to 12.11 years
-except for the gap detection test is 8 to 12.11 years
what tests are given as part of the SCAN-3C
3 screeners (gap detection, AFG+8 and CWFR), 4 diagnostic tests (AFG+8, FW, CWDE and CS) and 4 supplementary tests (CWFR, AFG+0, AFG+12 and TCS)
gap detection test
a binaural test that assess for any disorders within the auditory system
-a pass if they get 3 or more consecutive 2’s in the shaded area
-8 to 12.11 years
auditory figure ground +8 (AFG+8)
a monaural test that assess auditory closure ability through identifying words in noise
-5 to 12.11 years
competing words free recall (CWFR)
a dichotic test that assess auditory maturation or developmental delay’s
-5 to 12.11 years
filtered words (FW)
a monaural test that has the child repeat back the words that are heard but have been altered that assesses auditory closure skills
-5 to 12.11 years
competing words directed ear (CWDE)
a dichotic task that has the child repeat back both words that are heard that assesses development and maturation of the auditory system
-5 to 12.11 years
competing sentences (CS)
a dichotic test that has the child repeat back sentences that are hear din both ears at the same time that assesses development and maturation of the auditory system and hemispheric specialization
-5 to 12.11 years
auditory figure ground +12 (AFG+12)
a monaural test that has the child repeat words that are heard within noise that assesses auditory closure
-5 to 12.11 years
auditory figure ground +0 (AFG+0)
a monaural test that has the child repeat words that are heard within noise that assesses auditory closure
-5 to 12.11 years
time compressed sentences (TCS)
a monaural test that has the child repeat back sentences that are sped up that assesses ability to process speech presented at a rapid rate
-5 to 12.11 years
behavioral monaural tests for (C)APD
GIN, PPST and DPT
gaps in noise test (GIN)
a monaural test that has the patient identify if it is one tone or two
-created by musiek
age for GIN test
7 years to adults
what does the GIN test assess
temporal processing
what determines the gap threshold
at least 4 out of 6 gaps are correctly identified
-gaps larger cannot score worse than the recorded one
pitch pattern sequence test (PPST)
a monaural test that has the child identify the pitch of tones that are present
-created by musiek and pinherino
ages for the PPST
7 years to adults
what does the PPST assess
temproal ordering
-cerebral hemispheric disorders, corpus callosum dysfunction and neuromaturation issues
duration pattern sequence test (DPST)
a monaural test that has the child identify if the tones presented were long or short
-created by musiek, baran and pinheiro
age for the DPST
9-10 years to adults
what does the DPST assess
temporal ordering
-cortical lesions and disruptions of interhemispheric transfer
low redundancy speech test for (C)APD
time compressed sentence test and SSI-ICM/CCM
time compressed sentence test
monaural test for repeating back sentences that have been compressed (made faster)
ages for time compressed sentence test
7 years to adults
what does time compressed sentence test assess
speech processing deficits at the cortical level
synthetic sentence identification (SSI-ICM/CCM)
a two test presentation test that has the patient report what sentence is heard in the presence of another story being told either in the same or different ear
-the sentences are synthetic and the first 3 words make sense and the rest does not
-these are printed out and given to the patient
-created by jerger and jerger
SSI-ICM
ipsilateral competing message test
-the sentences are presented to the target ear with the competing message to the same ear
CCM
contralateral competing message test
-the sentences are presented to the target ear with the competing message to the opposite ear
ages for the SSI-ICM/CCM
8 and above
what does the SSI assess
ICM : auditory recognition, memory and figure ground and lower brainstem lesions
CCM : binaural separation and temporal lobe deficits
behavioral binaural tests for (C)APD
SSW, dichotic digits, RGDT, BMLD or MLD and LiSN-S
staggered spondaic words test (SSW)
an early test of (C)APD and one most frequently administered however does snot have a strong evidence base
-involves words being split between ears and being split in timing and the patient has to repeat the two complete words
-created by Katz
ages for the SSW
5 years to 70 years
what does the SSW assess
as a result of the score, there can be 4 subtypes that can be assessed:
-decoding type
-tolerance fading memory type
-integration type
-organization type
dichotic digits
a dichotic test that presents digits to both ears at the same time and requires the patient to repeat back all 4 numbers regardless of the order
-created by musiek
age for the dichotic digits
7 years to adults
what does dichotic digits assess
binaural integration at the hemispheric level
random gap detection test (RGDT)
a binaural test that has the patient identify if one or two tones were heard with varying amounts of gaps
-created by keith
age for RGDT
5 years to 11.11 years
what does RDGT assess
temporal sequencing and temporal integrity at the cortical level
what is the norm for RGDT
20 ms
-anything over 20 is an indication of a temporal processing disorder
binaural masking level difference (MLD or BMLD)
conducted under headphones as binaural hearing enhances our ability to detect, identify or discriminate signals in noisy environments
-auditory segregation as seen within the cocktail party effect
when talking about MLD, what are the different presentations that occur
monotic : both signal and noise on one side, hard condition
dichotic : masker on one side and signal on the other side, easy to detect the signal
diotic : masker on both sides with signal on both sides, signal is easily masked
dichotic (M0Sπ) : masker on both sides with signal on both sides however the signal is out of phase so the signal pops out of the masker
age for MLD
5 years to adults
what does MLD assess
binaural interaction at the brainstem level
what are the norms for the MLD short test? MLD recorded test?
short : 10 dB or better
recorded : 14 dB or better
-anything at or over these indicate a release from masking, which is normal
-if below these levels, that is abnormal
LiSN-S
measures the ability of children to separate a targeted speech signal from simultaneously presented competing speech signals (auditory stream segmentation)
-created by cameron and dillon
age for the LiSN-S
6 years, 2 months to 30 years, 3 months
what does the LiSN-S assess for
spatial processing disorder (SPD)
what is one major pattern that helps with the diagnosis of (C)APD
unilateral deficits
-specifically left ear unilateral
deficits
-if we see a unilateral deficit or a left unilateral deficit we can be confident that in (C)APD
if a child fails the gap detection screener, what should they be further evaluated for
possible temporal processing disorders
if a child fails the AFG+8, what should they be further evaluated for
speech in noise listening
if a child fails the CW-FR, what should they be further evaluated for
further assessment
what are the four categories of auditory processes
dichotic processes, temporal processes, biaural interaction and monaural low redundancy speech/auditory closure processes
what tests asses dichotic processes
dichotic digits, competing sentences, SSI-CCM and SSW
what tests asses temporal processes
gaps in noise, RGDT, duration pattern test and pitch pattern test
what tests asses binaural interaction
auditory fusion and MLD
what tests asses monaural low redundancy speech/auditory closure processes
filtered words, time compressed sentences, SSI-ICM and speech in noise
what occurs with dichotic process issues
speech in noise issues, difficulty following rapid speech or instructions
classroom concerns with dichotic process
miss what teachers say with background noise, miss what people say if they speak fast and need instructions repeated especially in group settings
when would dichotic process tests be indicated
reports of difficulty with binaural integration or separation, complains of unilateral or uneven hearing
what occurs with temporal processing issues
difficulty understanding fast speech, issues following rhythms or patterns, trouble processing rapidly changing sounds, difficulties hearing in noise, missing steps in instructions, asking for repetition
classroom concerns with temporal processing issues
miss steps if instructions are given, if they do not write instructions down they will miss parts and they cannot read out loud or they get stuck on similar sounds
when would temporal processing testing be indicated
difficulty perceiving gaps between sounds and challenges understanding pitch or timing dependent cues
-not understanding sarcasm
what occurs with binaural interaction issues
issues localizing sounds, issues hearing in noise, issues with spatial awareness and imbalance between ears
when would binaural interaction testing be indicated
difficulty understanding in dichotic listening situations and struggles with auditory fusion or temporal disparity cues
what occurs with auditory monaural low redundancy speech/auditory closure process issues
issues with distorted or muffled speech, difficulties in hearing on the phone, issues in noise, issues with accents or rapid speech, issues with reverberant spaces, issues following lectures if they cannot see their face and they may miss instructions or not hear clear in group meetings
when would auditory monaural low redundancy speech/auditory closure process testing be indicated
difficulty with incomplete or low redundancy speech and struggles with auditory closure
-if cannot guess what someone said or cannot fill in the blanks
low redundancy vs. high redundancy
with low redundancy, speech signals have been altered to create the low redundant speech
