Midterm

Question 1

It is one of the most significant among the 20 common amino acids.

It offers energy to your system. It releases into the blood stream during exercise time and induces carbohydrate-consuming effect to the health system.

It promotes enhancement in the area of protein synthesis and nitrogen balance.

Answer 1

Alanine

Question 2

Synthesized normally in the body, _______ is known to be a semi-essential amino acid. Sometimes more is required than normal production.
Deficiencies may include poor wound healing, weakness in muscles, hair loss, irritations in skin, and constipation.

Answer 2

Arginine

Question 3

It is one of the 20 common amino acids. It is needed to maintain homeostatic balance in the nervous system.
Amino acid transformation and ammonia synthesis are largely dependent on.

Answer 3

Asparagine

Question 4

________ is one of two acidic amino acids belonging to the group of 20 common amino acids.
It promotes enzyme activity, maintenance of solubility in the body, as well as homeostasis in ionic characters of proteins.

Answer 4

Aspartic Acid

Question 5

It is present only at the rate of 2.8% into proteins but it provides the 3-dimensional stability of the protein molecule.
It also plays a crucial role in the metabolic process of many important enzymes.

Answer 5

Cysteine

Question 6

It is one of the important amino acids among all 20 common amino acids.
It is responsible for transportation of glutamate and other amino acids to the blood barrier.

Answer 6

Glutamic Acid

Question 7

________ is required for infant development. The deficiency may result in eczema, a kind of skin disease.
There are few genetic disorders that promote non-metabolic state for histidine.
This results in speech disorders and mental retardations among infants and toddlers.

Answer 7

Histidine

Question 8

________ is able to eliminate excess ammonia from the body system.
It enhances immune system. Apart from that, it possesses anti-anxiety property that permits the mind to be relaxed.

Answer 8

Glutamine

Question 9

_______ is known as the second most common among the group of amino acids.
It helps transforming harmful toxic substances within the body to a non-toxic form.

Answer 9

Glycine

Question 10

This amino acid is particularly important for stimulating the brain in order to produce mental alertness.

Answer 10

Isoleucine

Question 11

It is particularly effective in producing other essential biochemical compounds in the body.
These chemicals are important for producing bodily energy and mental alertness.

Answer 11

Leucine

Question 12

_______ is one of the most important amino acid among all 20 common amino acids.
It functions against herpes virus in particular by providing body required nutritional supplements.

Answer 12

Lysine

Question 13

_________ It is an essential amino acid which functions at initiating the translation of messenger RNA.

Answer 13

Methionine

Question 14

This amino acid profoundly affects brain cells at biochemical level.

Answer 14

Phenylalanine

Question 15

It significantly affects human nutrition. It is believed to act as a source of nitrogen.

Answer 15

Proline

Question 16

_______ is intimately related to various bodily functions such as fat metabolism, tissue growth, enhancement of immune system and many more.
It is an essential ingredient of brain protein.

Answer 16

Serine

Question 17

It helps in maintaining protein balance and also in assisting collagen formation.

Answer 17

Threonine

Question 18

This is particularly needed in the body for the production of vitamin B3

Answer 18

Tryptophan

Question 19

This is crucial in building link between dopamine and norepinephrine. It also reduces fat by suppressing appetite.

Answer 19

Tyrosine

Question 20

It is effective in promoting tissue growth and maintaining nitrogen balance in the health system.

Answer 20

Valine

Question 21

________ - have two amino acids bonded together.

Answer 21

Dipeptides

Question 22

________ - have three amino acids bonded together.

Answer 22

Tripeptides

Question 23

________ - have more than two amino acids bonded together

Answer 23

Polypeptides

Question 24

________ – determines shape and function and what protein is made.

Answer 24

Amino acid sequence

Question 25

PROTEIN SHAPE AND FUNCTION

_________ side groups are attracted to water.

_________ side groups repel water.

_________ help to provide stability.

Answer 25

Hydrophilic, Hydrophobic, Coiled and twisted chains

Question 26

________ - A protein that acts as biological catalyst by lowering down the activation energy (the amount of energy required for the reaction to complete)

Answer 26

ENZYME

Question 27

ENZYME STRUCTURE

Enzymes are proteins
They have a globular shape
A complex 3-D structure

Answer 27

ENZYME STRUCTURE

Question 28

COMPOSITION OF ENZYME

________ – protein part
Pure protein part of an enzyme

________ - non-protein part
A cofactor that is a nonprotein organic molecule.

________ – consists of protein and non-protein

Answer 28

Apoenzyme, Coenzyme, Holoenzyme

Question 29

Bilirubin is produced by the breakdown of red blood cells. Normally bilirubin passes through the liver. it occurs when bilirubin builds up faster than a newborn’s liver can break it down and pass it from the body

Answer 29

Jaundice

Question 30

The spinal cord begins to develop within the first 28 days of pregnancy. Since folate makes new cells, it is vital that the mother’s body already has a supply of folate in her system to prevent this tragic condition.

Answer 30

Spina Bifida

Question 31

An inability to absorb niacin (vitamin B3) or the amino acid tryptophan may cause it, a disease characterized by scaly sores, mucosal changes and mental symptoms

Answer 31

Pellagra

Question 32

is a treatment with a special light that helps rid the body of the bilirubin by altering it or making it easier for the liver to get rid of it.

Answer 32

Phototherapy