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Intro To Music Ed > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

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Ultimate Music Theory flashcards
1
Q

384-322. For moral character of young people

A

Aristotle

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2
Q

Music of highest moral character
base of morality

A

Boethius of Rome

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3
Q

People well governed laws be good or bad examine music it practices.
Analects, book of Odes, Book or Changes

A

Confucius of China

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4
Q

Those learn music more civilized and grew into harmonic balance between themselves and the world.
Education in music is sovereign and feeds soul self control

A

Plato

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5
Q

A bishop and prolific writer.
Wildly distracting from the message of biblical and devotional texts.
Echoed more alive in music

A

Aurelius Augustine’s or Saint Augustine

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6
Q

Joy and beauty of paradise

A

Hildegard von Bingen

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7
Q

British
Questioned benefits of musical instruction

A

John Locke

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8
Q

One of greatest advocates for music education
Moral temperamental intellectual whatever improved
School boys singing
Kept devil away discipline modest gentle

A

Martin Luther

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9
Q

President
Connection between music and sociopolitical concerns
Public marches

A

Nelson Mandela

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10
Q

Working musician drawn to possibilities of making music a regular thing everywhere
Father of music ed in schools

A

Lowell Mason

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11
Q

Viewed artistic expression as remaking material of experience
Order and unity for community

A

John Dewey

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12
Q

Fujiwara No Morotada

A

8th century
Minister
Penmanship, zither better than anyone else, memorize poem anthology

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13
Q

Why is it important to understand how music was regarded in ancient cultures

A
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14
Q

Aesthetic education. Primary aim is for youth to grow through program in grasping the beautiful and depth of feeling experienced in life that can also be in music

A

Bennett Reimer

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15
Q

Established “musicing” to refer to musical performance
Concerned with process of music makers themselves
Centers on importance of doing, product and context as diverse practice

A

David Elliot

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16
Q

Types of learning in Scholar Cantorum

A

Pope Gregory
Gregorian chant

Solfège/Guidonian hand/neumes
Symbolic notation/solmization
developed to communicate to young children
Oral by cantor, imitated back
Formal, verbal/gestural

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17
Q

Types of learning in Japanese gagaku

A

7th century- elegant refine music for royalty
Instruments/drums/zithers
“Teacher” decided when they could perform with guild

Formal, symbolic notation/solmization (only outside of lessons), some vocalization
(observe and likely no questions)

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18
Q

Types of learning in West Africa

A

Enculturation, verbal, gestural, vocalization, informed listening
Part of their everyday lives
Story, riddle songs dance games
Drumming ensembles
Mentorship for talent (male)

19
Q

Types of learning in Ireland

A

enculturation, verbal, gestural, vocalization,

Listening to elders
Penny whistles

20
Q

Types of learning in Native American culture

A

Enculturation, vocalization, verbal gestural

Part of identity, rituals/customs, moral lessons, history

21
Q

Types of learning in jazz

A

Formal and informal
symbolic notation, vocalization, verbal and gestural

22
Q

What is the Psychology of music

A

Who we are musically
Why we like what we like
How we process and give meaning to music
What feel in musical experience

Popular now with MRIS and brain research

23
Q

How Does the human ear process sound?

A

Trace the path of sound after it enters the outer ear.
Outer ear captures air pressure sound waves
Move further to ear canal
Membrane of ear drum (very sensitive)
Series of muscles move sound waves to cochlea and Corti of inner ear
Tiny hairs rapidly change length to send signals to auditory nerve
To brain

24
Q

What are the developmental stages according to Jean

A

Sensorimotor (0-2). Motor activity/direct sensory experience
Pre-operational (2-7). Actual events/manipulation of objects and observing consequences. Stimuli to symbols
Concrete operations (7-11). Classifying objects systemically and discovered relationships amongst them. Two different shaped glasses holding same amount of water. Same melody in major vs minor
Formal operations (11+). Abstractly. Logic/deductive reasoning

25
Q

Jerome Bruners educational theory

A

Importance of mental structure and it’s transfer to other situations and concepts
Less and less guidance through learning

26
Q

Lev Vygotsky educational theory

A

Adult brings child to valued intellectual concepts
Participates in child’s discovery and manipulation of it
Verbal comments or facial expressions to reinforce or guide to appropriate learning behaviors
Pair experienced with non experienced

27
Q

B.F. Skinner

A

Positive reinforcement is core of behavior change
Stimulus, response, stimulus to reinforce response

Teacher- again!
Student- plays
Teacher- good!

28
Q

Howard Gardner educational theory

A

Multiple intelligences/learning styles
Linguistic, musical, logical-mathematical, spatial, bodily-kinesthetic, interpersonal, intrapersonal

Maybe also natural and spiritual

29
Q

Jean Piaget educational theory

A

Interaction and investigation of environment
Make life experiences into structured system
Organization
Adaptation

30
Q

Why is it important for music educators to be aware of stages of development and different learning theories

A

Impacts our lesson planning and it’s effectiveness

31
Q

List most important elements of elementary music education

A

Experiential- variety of types of music
Playful- children learn through play
Positive- carry this experience the rest of their lives
Enabling student success
FUN!

32
Q

Dalcroze methodologies

A

Eurhythmics, movement , literacy.
Switzerland

33
Q

Kodaly methodologies

A

Movement, sound to symbol, hand signs
Hungary

34
Q

Orff methodologies

A

Body percussion, movement, improv, literacy.
Germany

35
Q

Edwin Gordon

A

Music learning theory
Audition is focus, musical literacy, creativity and improv
Singing/ listening for phrases/patterns

36
Q

Countries discussed for methods of education

A

Japan, West Africa, Ireland, Native America

37
Q

List the 5 types of activities that musically nurture young children

A

Children use senses to explore
Exploring sounds
Exploring rhythms- Important for language development
(Perceptive) Listening to music
Singing to and with children- imitation and improve
Moving to music

38
Q

Confucius of Chinas 6 arts

A

Six arts- ritual, music, archery, horseback riding, calligraphy and computation

39
Q

Four stages of orff

A

Four stages: imitation, exploration, literacy and improv

40
Q

What are the types of learning
And definitions

A

Formal, informal, enculturation
Symbolic notational systems- lines spaces on staff; tablature
Verbal and gestural means- hand signs with stuff
Vocalization- echo singing
Solmization- associating each note of scale with particular syllable- solfege

41
Q

Learning in institutions in Ireland

A

Competition
Arranging, oral/literate
Structured group lessons-notation, verbal gestural, vocalization

42
Q

Jerome Bruner 3 modes of representation

A

Enactive- set of action- body high/low
Iconic- images- line graphs for melodic contours
Symbolic- abstract constructions- notation

43
Q

Solmization

A

Solfège- syllable for scale degress

Intro To Music Ed (2 decks)

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