Final? Flashcards
According to Campbell, what is the oldest and most fundamental form of human musical expression?
Singing
Why are choral programs able to draw students at any point in their academic career?
Because they usually don’t require any background knowledge in music. They welcome any and all!
What are the main skills and knowledge that make up the focus of the choral curriculum?
Development of singing voice, development of musicianship (both technical and expressive), and a historical/cultural knowledge of rep sung
What are fundamentals of singing that are taught in the warm-up period of a choral rehearsal?
Breath, posture, resonance, vowel formation, range, flexibility, and intonation
What is one of the most prominent challenges in teaching adolescents to sing?
Puberty! Voice changes
What are fundamentals of music that should be included in a comprehensive choral program?
Music reading, stylistic awareness, critical listening, and expressive performance
According to the author, what is the single biggest determinant of the eventual success or failure of a choral program? Why?
Repertoire
When programming repertoire, teachers should seek a balance of what things?
Difficulty, styles/cultures, and tempos
Name several types of choral ensembles.
Large mixed, small selection, jazz, show, men’s, women’s, musical theatre, world vocal, gospel
What are 10 of the school instrumental programs listed by the author?
Beginning instrument class, large concert bands, string orchestras, full orchestras, jazz band, jazz combo, marching, pep chamber, percussion, non traditional
In which ensemble did you find your most ‘peak’ performance experiences while in middle school and high school?
Band! Performing in honor bands and choirs!
In what ways did these experiences depend or not depend on the setting, the audience, or the type of literature you performed?
Varied greatly by setting: high school band rooms, school gyms, school auditorium, colleges. Audience can affect the vibes: nursing homes, veterans, in school/out. If it’s not fun music and music that does not resonate with the players it will not be sparkly.
Is there a specific experience that you had as a school musician that you would want to replicate for your own students? If so, what is it?
I was never really exceptional at anything. Most things I tried, I was good or ok at (except sports). Seeing my hard work pay off gave me confidence. Being acknowledged as exceptional by exceptional people. Working with an awesome teacher with a band of people who truly cared about music and succeeding with them while having a great time. Expressing myself through a really tough time in my life.
What are 9 factors that may influence a young student’s choice of an instrument?
Size, convenience, role models, sound, looks, peer pressure, adult pressure, teacher pressure, or just random chance
Why did you choose the instrument you did? What effect do you think your choice has had on your identity as a musician?
I couldn’t make a sound on reeds and the flute made me dizzy, so my teacher recommended euphonium. Socially a little bit outlier. Most low brass dude.
Can you identify any specific opportunities or experiences made available to you because of the instrument you play?
More scholarships, less competition because I play a less common instrument….but the competition was also better so I’m not sure how valid of an argument this is.
If you had it to do all over again, would you make the same choice?
I don’t know! I think so, but I often wish I had more gigging opportunities!
Who were you in your school music program? What identities did you take on?
I was bragging rights at times. I was also told I carried the weight of my school’s music program on my shoulders. I was drum major and I often helped with small groups in choir. I was also student aid for the music teachers.
Which ensemble do you look forward to teaching the most? Which ensemble are you most worried about teaching? Why?
I’m looking forward to teaching high school band the most. You can really get into expression and character! I’m most worried about teaching choir! I have so little experience with singing and I’m not confident in my piano skills!
Experience as musician that you want to replicate for future students
I wasn’t exceptional at anything. Popular kids sports. Arts. Hard work pay off
9 factors that may influence a young students choice of instrument
Size, convenience, role model, sound, looks, peer pressure, adult pressure, teacher pressure or just change
Why I chose my instrumen
How after my identity
No sound on Reed
Flute made me dizzy
Teacher recommended euph
Socially a bit of outlier. Most low brass are dudes
Specific opportunities because of the instrument I play
More scholarships
Technically less competition, but we are competing for less spots soooo
Do it all again would I
I want to gig anf be in more enselmeb
Who was I in schools music program
Bragging rights, “carried weight of ECs music program on my shoulders, drum major, student aid, section leader, è
What ensemble do I look forward to teaching the most?
The least?
High school band. Humor and expression over rote learning
Choir. Little/bad singing experience and bad at piano
What is multiculturalism
Movement for racial/ethnic equity in all of society
Multicultural vs world music education
Cultures within community
Expressions of culture
All encompassing more geared towards stylistic aspects
How music teachers reduce ethnocentrism in classrooms
Incorporation and education of other cultures ESPECIALLY those in community
Exceptional learners
Differnet intellectual emotional and physical needs. Those who may need accommodation and modifications to learning and daily life
How can music teachers provide music education for exceptional learners
IEPs and discussing with caregivers and SPED teachers
Modified instruments, simplified instruction, more repetition, extra activities for those hyperactive
What can best music classes be traced back to
Good planning
5 specific nonmusical behaviors students would need to know to be successful members of your class
Preparation
Participation
Persistence
Responsibility
Ask questions. Rachel thing
What key behavior for your classroom may need to be taught
Responsibility
Pet peeve
Lying to me and themselves
People allowed to make mistakes, more willing if honest
Behavior of success
Intrinsic motivation vs extrinsic
Self motivated
Rewards system verbal or physical
What risk of teacher responds personally and emotional to inappropriate behaviors
Overstepping professional boundaries
Further aggravate
Loss of respect
Tara Fouts
Student vs teacher directed classroom
Students decide and enforce expectations and reward systems. Encourage to take greater responsibility in the efficiency of class periods.
Additive vs subtractive behavior systems
Additive: punishment last resort. Positive behavior- positive response
Negative largely ignored
Subtractive: desired things taken away
Proactive va reactive classroom management
Proactive is putting systems in place to avoid negative behaviors in the first place
Reactive: student does x, teacher does y
Difference between philosophical and methodological models
Philosophical is based on human behavior and experiences. It functions on principals. Methodology is based on procedures
Why is assessment challenging in a music classroom
Quite easy to assess the whole group but on the individual level it’s much harder especially because having a blended sound is so important
What is diagnostic assessment
Decide level and extent of instruction needed
Audition
Summative assessment
Presence or absence of particular skill or understanding. Written tests, keeping beat test and playing test to see if they have part learned
Evaluation
Judging an achievement in relation to standard or expectation
Assigning numerical rating/grade to the areas already identified and assessed
Why is assessment important to music education
Measures progress
To know where needs improvement, especially in the event of a low grade.
Directs instructional time
So we can articulate what they have learned to educate parents, etc
Ethnocentrism
When we evaluate music of other cultures largely through the traditions and standards of OUR OWN musical heritage
World music pedagogy
Approach to reaching music that encourages students to look at music or another culture through its own lens
