Midterm Flashcards
1
Q
The Saro
A
- The descendants of the Sierre Leone project
-Lived throughout western Africa - the Christian and English-speaking cultural elite that dominated the capital of Nigeria, Lagos.
2
Q
Sierra Leone
A
- British man, Henry Smeathman, proposed the idea for Sierre Leone to extend the British Empire into Africa.
- Black British loyalist, Thomas Peters, pioneered the project.
-launched in 1792
3
Q
Indirect Rule
A
- Invented by British man, Frederick Lugard.
-British philosophy to acknowledge the authority of the Black elite.
-Provided the adherence to English culture as the key method for Africans to advance in society.
4
Q
Isaac Babalola Thomas
A
- Member of The Saro
- Editor of Akede Eko, a newspaper based in Lagos
- Published Segilola of the Facinating Eyes in Yoruba in 1930.
5
Q
Tippu Tip
A
- From Zanzibar
- Built a slave trading empire in eastern Africa.
- Warlord who created a new criteria for how political power was measured (guns).
6
Q
The Scramble for Africa
A
- European countries sought to plant their flags in different parts of the African continent based on natural resources.
- Disputes between leaders over allotments/ borders.
7
Q
Berlin Conference
A
- Conference to settle the disputes of the Scramble for Africa.
- Held in 1885
- devised borders of European colonies in Africa
- Only one African man was present at the conference, but he was not allowed to speak.
8
Q
Kikuyu Central Association
A
- Founded in 1924 in Kenya
- created in response to the British implementation of the native reserves system
- created the newspaper titled Mwigithania to serve as a platform for public political discussion and a mouthpiece for their ideas
9
Q
Johnstone (Jomo) Kenyatta
A
- Member of the Kikuyu Central Association
- Editor of Mwigithania
- First generation Christian convert
- The first President of Kenya
10
Q
Sol Plaatje
A
- Spoke multiple languages, including SeTswana and English
- Edited two newspapers
- Founding member of the South African Native National Congress
- Wrote Native Life in South Africa and Mhudi
11
Q
Jan van Riebeek
A
- “Discovers” South Africa in 1652
- Set up a refreshment station in what is now Cape Town
12
Q
Great Trek
A
- Migration of the Dutch and enslaved people from the cape to the north of South Africa
- Done in response to Britain outlawing slavery
-Land they would occupy was densely populated by the Matebele.
13
Q
The Voortrekker Monument
A
- Large monument that depicts the Dutch narrative of the Great Trekk
- Created as a symbol of the Africaaner manifest destiny
- Represents the Dutch as noble and civilized, and the native people of Africa as wild and dangerous through a wall that depicts the carriages used in the Battle of Blood River.
14
Q
Cecil Rhodes
A
-British businessman
-Founded the diamond mining company called DeBeers
- Advocate for railroads and proposed the Cape to Cairo Railway project.
- Served as Prime Minister of Cape Colony from 1890-1896.
15
Q
Native Land Act
A
- Implemented in 1913
- Restricted Black South Africans to 7 percent of the land of the Union of South Africa, or reserves.
16
Q
Pass laws
A
- Informally implemented in the 1870s to control the movements of Black South Africans
- More extensive pass laws were implemented during the apartheid era to keep Black South Africans out of urban areas out of fear of them unionizing.
- Required Black South Africans to carry a piece of paper with them at all times stating their tribe of origin and the name of their employer
17
Q
DeBeers
A
- Diamond mining company created near Kimberly
- Founded by Cecil Rhodes
- Implemented mining compounds for its Black laborers, the Shaagans
18
Q
Apartheid
A
- Means “apart” or separate
- Established in 1948 after the election of the National Party.
- At the heart of apartheid was the notion that South Africa was composed of 4 racial groups
19
Q
Population Registration Act
A
- Established in the 1950s
- Defined each Black South African as citizens of their respective group area
- This deprived Black South Africans of citizenship of the Union of South Africa
20
Q
Group Areas Act
A
- Established in 1950s
- Designated residential areas for 4 racial groups
- Divided urban areas into zones where only one racial group could live
21
Q
Freedom Charter
A
- Similar to the Declaration of Independence, but applied to South African politics
- Created on the idea that all racial groups in South Africa should have equal rights
- Linked the prospect of a new government with the current changes in the South African economy
22
Q
Sharpville Masacre
A
- South African police opened fire on a peaceful protect led by the Pan Africanist Congress
- 69 people were murdered, most of them shot in the back
23
Q
Ithaka na wiathi
A
- Translates simply to “land and freedom”
- Translates more accurately to “gardens won from the wilderness title to self respect”
- equivalates owning land with waithi
- also equivolates wiathi with freedom
24
Q
Dedan Kimathi
A
- Leader of the Mau Mau movement
- Strickly enforced political preservation of the Mau Mau
- Led gorilla operations against the British
25
Stanley Mathenge
- Opposed Kimathi and his way of leading Mau Mau by establishing his own organization, Riigi.
- accused Kimathi of using illiterate followers for his own selfish ends
- Promoted resolve at a local level, rather than large scale gorilla warfare
26
Operation Legacy
- The organized destruction of thousands of files at the hands of the British Government
- Many of these files were evidence of the British government's torture of the Kikuyu people in concentration camps.
- The UK government admitted this in 2010
27
Mau Mau
