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CBT > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

cognitive constructivism

A

we construct learning on top of our previous knowledge

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1
Q

psychoanalytic therapy

A

-Frued
-making unconscious beliefs more conscious & fostering change through different methods
-heal from past experiences/childhood traumas
-still kinda focuses on present
- therapeutic relationship- important not sufficient
- lasts for years

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2
Q

Bandura’s social learning theory

A

-people learn through imitating, observing, modeling others behavior
-bobo doll- therapist beats up bobo doll, client beats up bobo doll

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3
Q

humanistic therapy

A
  • Carl Rogers
  • therapist creates an understanding of clients life
  • trying to teach patient is unconditional self regard- reflect ideas back at them
    -self actualization- realization of fulfillment in ones talents and potentialities
    -relationship is super important / empathetic
    -can last for years, new versions are quicker
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4
Q

behavioral therapy

A
  • Skinner-operant conditioning, Pavlov-classical conditioning, Bandura- social learning theory/ observant learning, Watson- little albert- classical conditioning/ stimulus generalization
  • behaviors changing and improving
    -relatively short
  • relationship not important
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5
Q

three C’s of behavioral therapy

A

Contingency Managment- operant, BF Skinner
- rewards/consequences governing our behavior

Counterconditionings- classical, Joseph Wolpe
-changing our behavior to the stimuli

Cognitive Behavioral Modification- donald michenbaum
- cognitive restructuring, stress inoculation, problem solving

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6
Q

Cognitive Therapy

A
  • Ellis (REBT), Beck (CT)
  • changing thoughts and behaviors
  • decreasing frequency/intensity of IBs / emotional response
    -relationship is important, but not sufficient
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7
Q

stimulus control

A

habits performed in the presence of a specific cue

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8
Q

therapeutic relationship

A

overall most important factor

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9
Q

catharsis

A

therapeutic release of pent up feelings

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10
Q

interpersonal/individuo social conflicts

A

interpersonal- chronic disgreements- intimacy, sexuality, communication

individuo social- btwn individual/society

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11
Q

theory

A

set of statements to explain data

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12
Q

Hawthorne Effect

A

morale, novelty & esteem increases when others are watching them

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13
Q

systematic desensitization

A

anxiety/phobias
- exposed to progressively more anxiety provoking stimuli

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14
Q

assertiveness training

A

used for depression, anxiety
- right to express our thoughts, feelings

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15
Q

aversive counterconditioning-

A

pairs a target behavior/ stimi with a stimuli that naturally evokes an unpleasant response

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16
Q

The Premack Principle

A

high probability behavior used to reinforce a low probability behavior to increase frequency of low prob. behavior

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17
Q

token economy

A

structured system in which desired behaviors are rewarded with tokens that can be exchanged for desired items or activities

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18
Q

how long does it take to teach cognitive model

A

3-5 sessions

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19
Q

cognitive mediation

A

process through which one individual helps another to perceive and interpret significant social or physical features in his/ her current or past experiences in new ways

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20
Q

metacognition

A

process through which individuals think about the thoughts they have or are having and about process of these thoughts

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21
Q

ABCDE

A

A: Activating event or thought
B: Belief
C: Emotional/ Behavioral Consequences
D: Disputing
E: Effective new philosophy

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22
Q

Cognitive Therapy Principles

A

Time Limited
Problem oriented and goal focused
structured
About the present
Collaboration and active participation

23
Q

Feedback Loop

A

environmental events
->cognitions/perceptions-> interpretation self talk -> emotional/physical system

24
Q

Common Factors of REBT

A

statements that awfulize- exaggerating unwanted events
and absolutize- should, must, ought, always, never

25
Q

Refuting Irrational Ideas (3)

A

1) Write the facts
2) Write your self talk
3) Focus on your emotional response

26
Q

timeline to treat acute anxiety or depression

A

3-6 months

27
Q

guided discovery

A

when therapist continues to ask meaning of thoughts in order to uncover underlying beliefs about themselves/world/others

28
Q

socratic questioning

A

helps to reassure patient that therapist is truly interested

29
Q

collaborative empiricism

A

accuracy & utility of ideas via careful review of data

30
Q

Distorted Thinking Styles

A

Fallacy of Fairness
Fallacy of Change
Emotional Reasoning
Being Right
Control Fallacies

31
Q

3 goals of REBT Theory

A

accept own imperfection
stop awfulizing obnoxious conditions which admittedly abound to this world
go after individual goals with as much energy and efficacy as possible

32
Q

Rational Sensitivity

A

more sensitive to and aware of your own and other people’s inefficiencies

33
Q

downward arrow

A

whats the worst if, whats the worst if…..

34
Q

cognitive restructuring

A

whats the evidence, whats another way of looking at it, so what if it happens

35
Q

Key predictor w suicide

A

Hopelessness- associated with feelings of thinking things will never end

36
Q

cognitive schemas

A

deep, relatively stable cognitive structures in our mind

37
Q

Burns 10 Twisted Forms of Thinking

A

1) All or nothing- situation falls short of perfect its a failure
2) Overgeneralization- always or never pattern of defeat
3) Mental Filter- negative detail & dwell on it
4) Discounting the positive- positive experiences “don’t count” because of….
5) Jumping to conclusions- interpreting things negatively when there are no facts to support your conclusion
6) Magnification- exaggerate importance of problems & minimize importance of desirable qualities
7) Emotional Reasoning- assume negative emotions necerssarily reflect the way things really are
8) Should Statement
9) Labeling- I am a failure
10) Personalization & Blame- holding self personably responsible for an event that isn’t entirely under your control

38
Q

discriminative stimulus

A

environmental cue that is going to let you know if you’re getting reinforcement

39
Q

logical positivism

A

all meaningful ideas must be observable and measurable experience

40
Q

Albert Ellis

A
  • REBT Therapy
  • Rational beliefs- flexible, wishes, wants , preferences, moderate evaluation of badness, toleration
    -IB’s - rigid, musts, shoulds, awfulizing, damnation
  • demands about self lead to shame
    -demands about others leads to anger
    both client and therapist have an active role
  • relationship important not sufficient
    -clients recieve homework assignments
41
Q

Aaron Beck

A

Cognitive Therapy
-cognitive schemas
-cognitive profiles- each psych disorder is characterized by a different cognitive profile
- Cognitive Triad of depression- negative view of the self, world, future
- Cognitive Triad of anxiety- excessive form of survival mechanisms
both client and therapist have an active role
-collab empiricism
-present focused
-research emphasis
-tendency to think irrationally is innate and acquired

42
Q

first order change

A

rearranging variables in the same feild into different phrases

43
Q

second order change

A

rearranging variables in the same feild into different sequences

44
Q

processes of change

A

Consciousness raising, Catharsis, Choosing, Conditional stimuli, Contingency control

45
Q

vivo aversion therapy

A

Pairing the target behavior with an aversive stimulus such as electric shock, noxious odor, or emetic (nausea-inducing) drug

46
Q

positive correlation between therapy outcomes and

A

intelligence, education, social class, attractiveness, participation

47
Q

no correlation between therapy outcomes and

A

age, marital status,

48
Q

negative correlation between therapy outcomes and

A

disturbance

49
Q

shame attacking

A

behavioral exposure assignments that have people perform behaviors that they fear or experience shame about doing

50
Q

guilt vs shame

A

guilt- harming another
shame- putting oneself down for acting foolishly or incompetently

51
Q

rational emotive imagery

A

practice imagining this dreaded event and then practice experiencing an appropriate negative emotion instead of the typical, self-defeating negative emotion you normally would feel.

52
Q

specific factors

A

processes of change, consciousness raising, catharsis, choosing, conditional stimuli, contingency control,

53
Q

reciprocal inhibition

A

a technique in which a desired behavioral response is gradually introduced to a stimulus that causes an undesired response

54
Q

common factors of therapy

A

positive expectations, therapuetic relationship, hawthorne effect

55
Q

three steps of fear and avoidance exposure program

A

planning the exposure session, experiencing the exposure, debriefing the session

CBT (2 decks)

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