MIDTERM Flashcards
The _____ portion of the program covers topics that are both useful and necessary to the patient.
educational
Introduction and welcome; program orientation
Session (week) 1
-Program administrator or rehabilitation team
Respiratory structure, function, and pathology
Session week 2
-Physician or RT
Breathing control methods
3 PT or RT
Relaxation and stress
management
4 Clinical psychologist
Proper exercise techniques
and personal routines
5 PT or RT
Methods to aid secretion
clearance (bronchial hygiene)
6 PT or RT
Home oxygen and aerosol
therapy
7 RT
Medications—their use and
abuse
8 Pharmacist, physician, or nurse practitioner
Medications—use of MDIs and
spacers
9 RT
Dietary guidelines and good
nutrition
10 Dietitian or nutritionist
Recreation and vocational
counseling
11 Occupational therapist
Activities of daily living
Follow-up planning and
program evaluation Graduation
12 Rehabilitation team
These topics should be presented in an_____, ____ using supplementary _____ and _____ where appropriate.
orderly, coherent fashion / audiovisual tools and demonstrations,
______ should allocate sufficient time both for the class sessions themselves and for setup and breakdown of equipment.
Team members
The _____ or leader must ensure that sessions begin on time and encourage maximum participation by each patient.
program facilitator
If available, health care professionals such as ______ should be invited to present their respective topics and discuss the subject matter with the group.
dietitians, occupational therapists, physical therapists, and psychologists
If available, health care professionals such as dietitians, occupational therapists, physical therapists, and psychologists should be invited to present their respective topics and discuss the subject matter with the group. However, this may add to the overall operating costs of the ______
pulmonary rehabilitation program.
In addition to technical knowledge, session leaders must possess ____ and _____to participate both in class and at home and to adhere to program guidelines.
group facilitation skills and be able to motivate patients
This task is not an easy one, but it can be accomplished with ____ and ____
patience and persistence.
The desired end result is to _____
help patients lead more productive lives with decreased hospitalizations.
This presentation lays the groundwork for the program and gives each patient some basic information about the cardiorespiratory system and related dis- orders. The causes of shortness of breath are presented.
Respiratory Structure, Function, and Pathology, Includ- ing a Discussion of Dyspnea.
This presentation serves as the cornerstone for the physical reconditioning effort.
Breathing Control Methods.
Patients must learn how to control their breathing efforts to ensure maximum result (ventilation) at a minimum of effort (energy expenditure).
Breathing Control Methods.
Diaphragmatic breathing with____ helps to accomplish this, but this technique requires daily practice on the part of the patient and continued reinforcement throughout the entire program by the group facilitator.
pursed lips
Patients must learn to avoid aggravation and upsetting circumstances and to adopt a more relaxed attitude about their particular life circumstances.
Methods of Relaxation and Stress Management.
This attitude can help to reduce unnecessary O2 use, conserve energy, and avoid undesirable cardiovascular and nervous responses to stress.
relaxed attitude
The ratio- nale for and value of exercise should be discussed with sugges- tions for the adoption of personal exercise routines after the rehabilitation program is over.
Exercise Techniques and Personal Routines.
This topic is especially helpful to patients who have secretion clearance problems associated with chronic bronchitis and bronchiectasis.
Secretion Clearance and Bronchial Hygiene Techniques.
Family members and friends may be invited to attend this session to acquire basic skills with these procedures.
Secretion Clearance and Bronchial Hygiene Techniques.
An RT with home care experience should provide this session. The focus should be on the care and use of home care equipment and self- administration of therapy.
Home Oxygen and Aerosol Therapy.
Patients who have not yet been pre- scribed this type of therapeutic regimen may have questions or fears and be unreceptive to the concept. Presenting the modali- ties available and having patients discuss their positive experi- ences with respiratory home care personnel can help alleviate the fears and anxieties of others.
Home Oxygen and Aerosol Therapy.
This is another topic about which patients have numerous questions and concerns. Content should emphasize proper use of ____, along with possible abuses and adverse effects.
medications
Participants’ current prescriptions should dictate which specific drugs to cover. Common categories include _____
beta-adrenergic agents, anticholinergic agents, steroids, diuretics, and methylxanthines.
The session leader should dem- onstrate proper use of metered dose inhalers including ___
spacers or holding chambers, dry powder inhalers and hand-held nebulizers.
Sufficient time should be provided for ___ and ____
questions and answers.
Two sessions should be allotted for this topic.
Medications
This subject focuses on weight man- agement and good nutrition as it relates to cardiopulmonary health.
Dietary Guidelines.
Emphasis should be on the importance of a sound _____
high- protein, low-carbohydrate diet.
The ____ also should cover proper eating habits, methods of gaining and losing weight, foods to avoid, ways to increase appetite, adequate hydration, and daily menu planning.
facilitator
This session can stimulate patients to eat better and supply their bodies with the necessary fuel for increased energy production.
Dietary Guidelines.
This session should motivate participants to participate in recreational activities and, according to ability, return to work.
Recreational and Vocational Counseling.
This topic is often presented at the end of the program when patients have increased their physical endurance and are preparing for a more active and productive lifestyle.
Recreational and Vocational Counseling.
The class may brainstorm ideas for recreational or physical activities, from which members can generate action plans.
Recreational and Vocational Counseling.
_____ and ____ is a common problem for patients with moderate to severe chronic lung disease.
Psychological and emotional stress
_____ can bring in experts to implement ___ and ____ therapies that provide patients with the opportunity to learn coping strategies.
Pulmonary rehabilitation programs / psychosocial and behavioral
This compo- nent is most useful for patients with anxiety or depression or both.
Psychosocial and Behavioral Components
In___ , the___ and the ______ jointly conducted the first national survey of pulmonary rehabilitation programs.
1987 AARC and AACVPR
This National Pulmonary Rehabilitation Survey was published in ____ and showed the variation existing in rehabilitation program _____ throughout the United States.
1988 / structure, content, staffing, and cost
In ___ , the_____, in conjunction with the AACVPR, released new evidence-based guidelines pertaining to the design and implementation of pulmonary rehabilitation programs.
2006 ACCP
Pulmonary rehabilitation is a______
multidisciplinary endeavor.
___ is enhanced by involving various health care professionals in the ____ and ____components of the program
Team care / planning, implementation, and evaluation
It is recommended that any staff conducting pulmonary rehabilitation program sessions be certified in ___ or ____ through the______.
basic life support or advanced cardiac life support / American Heart Association
In addition to professional involvement, _____ are needed to provide feedback and ensure that instructions and the exer- cise prescription are carried out at home.
family members
Location and quality of ___ can directly affect patient attendance.
facilities
____ are less likely to attend programs that are inaccessible to public transportation, have poor parking arrangements, or are physically difficult to reach.
Patients
The facility must be _____ accessible.
wheelchair
For elderly patients who do not drive, arrangements can be made with _____ to provide transportation to and from the program.
community organizations
Ideally, the ____ should provide two separate rooms for the program—one room for ____ and one room for ____
facility / educational activities / physical reconditioning.
Rooms should be ___ and ___ with adequate _____
spacious and comfortable / lighting, ventilation, and temperature control.
____ should be comfortable with good back support.
Chairs
Restroom facilities need to be _____
readily accessible.
A room for _____ is helpful, but any private office would suffice.
individual counseling
It is also preferable to have _____ and _____ capabilities on site.
pulmonary function testing and blood gas analysis
If this space is used by other departments for other functions, _____ of rehabilitation sessions needs to be considered.
proper scheduling
various health care professionals Pulmonary Rehabilitation Team
Nurse Practitioner
Social Worker
Respiratory Therapist
Physical/Occupational Therapists
Medical Director
Clinical Psychologist
Clinical Nutritionist
Exercise Physiologist
Another aspect of program implementation involves timely ____ of the rehabilitation sessions.
scheduling
Most sessions are scheduled______, with programs running _____
one to three times per week for 1 to 2 hours / 8 to 16 weeks.
The length of the program often depends on _____ and ____ for sessions attended.
insurance coverage and expected reimbursement
Class times need to be_____ when the largest number of patients can attend.
scheduled
_____ and _____ are concerns that need to be addressed.
Traffic patterns, bus schedules, and availability of rides
Sessions can be conducted in the_____ and on____ if necessary.
morning, afternoon, or evening / weekends
_____ helps to encourage participation and removes potential stumbling blocks, which could undermine the rehabilitation process.
Proper scheduling
