Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PULMONARY REHABILITATION > MIDTERM > Flashcards

MIDTERM Flashcards

1
Q

A ______ helps achieve specific programming objectives with the selected group of participating patients.

A

good design / program design

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Key design considerations involve both ___ and ____, with emphasis on patient ___ and ______.

A

format and content

reconditioning and education

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Two types of format

A

open-ended and closed design,

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Programs can use either an____ or a _____ , with or without _______.

A

open-ended or a closed design / planned follow-up sessions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

With an ______ format, patients enter the program and progress through it until they achieve certain predetermined objectives.

A

open-ended

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

There is no set time frame.

Depending on his or her condition, needs, motivation, and performance, an individual patient can complete an ____ program over weeks or months.

A

open-ended

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

This format is good for self-directed patients or patients with scheduling dif- ficulties.

A

open-ended

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

It also may be the best format for patients requiring individual attention.

A

Open-ended

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

The major drawback of the ____ format is the lack of group support and involvement.

A

open-ended

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

______ may be a factor when the program is open-ended.

A

insurance reimbursement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The more traditional _____ uses a set time period to cover program content.

A

closed design

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

These programs usually run 6 to 16 weeks, with classes meeting one to three times a week.

A

closed design

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

_____ may dictate how many sessions make up the program.

A

insurance coverage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

______ covers 36 initial sessions with possible cov- erage of another 36 sessions if the patient qualifies and would benefit from the additional rehabilitation sessions.

A

Medicare

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Class sessions usually last up to _____.

A

2 hours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Presentations are more formal and group support involvement is encouraged.

A

closed design

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

A major draw- back to this format is that the schedule determines program completion, rather than the objectives.

A

closed design

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

most programs allow patients to____ if the anticipated improvements are not achieved.

A

reenroll

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Regardless of the format used, long-term improvements cannot be expected without_______

A

planned follow-up.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

_____ must be ongoing and available to all patients who complete the program

A

Follow-up

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Frequently, this essential element of the process is difficult, especially when it is not covered by most _______, but program coordinators must ensure that it is routinely ______.

A

insurance plans / scheduled

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

_______ could be open-ended (available during regular rehabilitation sessions and offering open attendance) or could be scheduled weekly, monthly, bimonthly, or quarterly. The important thing is to have some type of _____ available.

A

Follow-up or reinforcement / follow-up

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

The _____ of the rehabilitation program usually combines physical reconditioning with education activities.

A

content

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Programs providing ________alone are unlikely to be effective.

A

reconditioning or education

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

the ideal rehabilitation session should last about _____.

A

2 hours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

____, ______ and _____dictate session length.

A

Group size, available equipment, and group interaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Patients should arrive _______ before a scheduled session to allow for infor- mal group interaction and support.

A

10 to 15 minutes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Classes should begin on____ and ______ as scheduled.

A

time and conclude promptly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

_______ should be brief and to the point.

A

Educational presentations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

The use of ____ or _____ should enhance understanding.

A

audiovisuals or demonstrations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

To facilitate patient comprehension, the ______ should be simple and unnecessary technical terms or concepts should be avoided.

A

language

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

_____ that enhance certain points made during a presenta- tion are both useful and desirable.

A

Handouts

33
Q

A folder or notebook in which program activities may be recorded and handout materi- als kept should be maintained by_____

A

each patient.

34
Q

The ______ component of the pulmonary rehabilitation program consists primarily of an exercise prescription with target heart rate based on the results of the patient’s initial exercise evaluation.

A

physical reconditioning

35
Q

For most patients, an initial target heart rate is set using ________, or estimated as ______ greater than resting rate.

A

Karvonen’s formula / 20 beats/min

36
Q

Because of the severity of ventilatory impairment, some patients begin exercise recon- ditioning without a _________

A

prescribed target heart rate.

37
Q

Target heart rate = [(MHR − RHR) × (50% − 70%)] + RHR

A

Karvonen’s formula

38
Q

the exercise prescription includes the following four related components:

A
  1. Lower extremity (leg) aerobic exercises
  2. Timed walking (6- or 12-minute walk)
  3. Upper extremity (arm) aerobic exercises
  4. Ventilatory muscle training
39
Q

To ensure success with________, patients must actively participate both at the rehabilitation facility and at home.

A

physical reconditioning

40
Q

While exercising at the facility, patients should be monitored by ______

A

pulse oximetry

41
Q

______ measurements may also be made, but these are usually done at the start and end of each session unless a patient’s condition dictates other- wise.

A

Blood pressure

42
Q

exercise sessions should be ____

A

upbeat

43
Q

_____ helps to maintain a positive atmosphere.

A

Lively music

44
Q

Clinicians must remember that these patients are ill and require a ______ attitude from team members, family, and the group itself.

A

nurturing

45
Q

To ensure compliance with the program, a daily __ or ___ is completed.

A

log or diary sheet

46
Q

These___ or ___ forms are reviewed each time the patient attends a session.

A

log or diary

47
Q

_____ may include either walking or bicycling.

A

Lower extremity exercises

48
Q

Patients can walk on a ______ (with set goals for distance or time and grade) or on a ______

A

stationary treadmill / flat, smooth surface.

49
Q

With the treadmill or stationary bicycle, patients are required to cover a certain ______ every day that they are in the program.

A

distance or duration

50
Q

Commonly, the duration is set to_______, with patients encouraged to increase both their distance and equipment ten- sion or resistance as tolerated.

A

30 minutes daily

51
Q

Patients with significant ortho- pedic disabilities can participate in_______.

A

aerobic aquatic exercises

52
Q

_____ also improves overall conditioning; this usually takes the form of a ______ walk performed once a day, depending on the patient’s condition and tolerance.

A

Walking / 6- or 12-minute

53
Q

These _____ exercises are a convenient way for patients to carry out a well- defined amount of activity with increasing vigor and results over a number of weeks.

A

walk

54
Q

During the ______ patients should walk on flat ground for as far as possible.

A

6 or 12 minutes,

55
Q

If _____ occurs, they should stop and rest, with the rest time included as part of the time interval. After resting briefly, they should try to continue walking at a comfortable pace.

A

dyspnea

56
Q

The objective is to____ as far as possible during the allotted time.

A

walk

57
Q

Landmarks such as ____ can be used to quantify progress.

A

telephone poles, city blocks, or actual distance measures

58
Q

Under adverse weather conditions, _____ can be done indoors in shopping malls, stores, or long hallways.

A

walking

59
Q

Patients should record their progress in their ___

A

manuals or diaries.

60
Q

Aerobic _______ improve rehabilitation outcomes for patients whose regular activities involve lifting or raising the arms.

A

upper extremity exercises

61
Q

______ or rowing machines are available for this purpose; however, simple calisthenics using either a ___ or ____ (by prescription and with training) are a satisfactory alternative.

A

Arm ergometers / broomstick or free weights

62
Q

Upper body endurance generally is more ___ , with many patients capable of only ______ of daily activity to start.

A

limited / 2 to 3 minutes

63
Q

This limitation usually is related to the fact that patients may revert to using ______ for breathing while doing the upper body exercise.

A

accessory muscles

64
Q

Patients need to breathe ______ and perform the ______ at the same time.

A

diaphragmatically / exercises

65
Q

Arm exercises should get progressively longer, up to _______ if possible.

A

20 minutes

66
Q

____ conditioning helps patients perform numerous useful activities at home and can increase overall physical endurance.

A

Upper body

67
Q

Although controversy exists, _________ probably can enhance the benefits of these more traditional exercises.

A

ventilatory muscle training

68
Q

Ventilatory muscle training is based on the concept of _______

A

progressive resistance.

69
Q

By imposing progressively greater loads on the inspiratory muscles (mainly the diaphragm) over time, the patient’s ___ and _____ should increase.

A

strength and endurance

70
Q

These improvements should increase the patient’s ______

A

exercise tolerance.

71
Q

_______ The device is an adjustable flow resistor with a one-way breathing valve.

A

inspiratory resistance breathing device.

72
Q

The_____ is created by forcing the patient to inhale through a restricted orifice.

A

inspiratory load

73
Q

Varying the size of this orifice varies the ______ , as do changes in the patient’s inspiratory flow.

A

inspiratory load

74
Q

During expiration, gas flows unim- peded out the one-way ______

A

exhalation valve

75
Q

One model replaces the variable size orifice with an adjustable _______. This valve ensures a constant load regardless of how quickly or slowly the patient breathes.

A

spring-loaded valve

76
Q

Because variations in breathing strategy during ventilatory muscle training can affect outcomes, proper _____, ____ and _____ are required.

A

patient evaluation, training and follow-up

77
Q

The RT initially measures the patient’s maximum inspiratory pressure (PImax) using a______

A

calibrated pressure manometer.

78
Q

Before beginning _______, the patient should assume a position that relaxes the abdominal muscles, such as the position used for cough training.

A

ventilatory muscle training

PULMONARY REHABILITATION (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions