MIDTERM Flashcards
ABSOLUTE CI’S OTHER NAME
GENERAL AVOIDANCE OF APPLICATION- no massage techniques may be performed
Regional CI’s other name
Local CI - massage may be performed, BUT a local area needs to be avoided
Application with caution means what
Condition that requires the RMT to adapt the massage for the clients safety
Method
A way of doing something or a procedure that is performed
All massage applications introduce mechanical force (push or pull) into the soft tissue stimulating various physiologic responses
Rocking (theory of effect)
Reflexive and chemical effects
Parasympathetic responses
Muscle squeezing (type of massage movement and explanation)
Petrissage
Muscle is compressed between palm and fingers or both palms
Pressure directed slightly upwards
Muscle stripping
Petrissage
Thumb, elbow, ulnar border of hand or fingertips are used
Moderate to deep pressure along Fiber direction
Types of Petrissage
Kneading
Muscle stripping
Skin rolling
Pick up
Muscle squeezing
Wringing
Shaking (theory of effects)
Confuses the sensory input- too disorganized for the brain
Reflexive effect
Reflex effects of massage
Functional change mediated by the nervous system
Sedation or arousal
Kneading CI’s
Not used with acute conditions
Not used with severely atrophied or atonic muscles
Not over vericosities
Purpose of kneading is to
Lift tissue, apply bend, shear nod torsion stress to challenge the tissue
Psychoneuroimmunological effects
Altered feeling state
Change in hormone levels or immune function
Decreased anxiety and cortisol levels
Wellness massage
Balance for mind, body and spirit
Self perception of wellbeing
Use Petrissage _______
After the tissue has been warmed up
Because of the increased pressure and focus
Symptoms of panic attacks
Tachy cardia
SOB
GI issues
Chest pain
Etc
Massein meaning
To knead
Often credited with developing Swedish massage
Per Henrik Ling
Developed MLD
Emil fodder and wife
Side lying is used for…
Pergament women
Access lateral upper leg, lower side adductors
Access scalenes, rotator cuff pec minor
Etc
Pillowing side lying
The client gets between the sheets and lies with the side to be treated uppermost
What is a CI
Symptom or circumstance that makes a particular treatment unadvisable
Can affect whole or just part of body
Absolute CI’s to general conditions
Could cause these conditions to flare and make them worse
Acute or severe anything
Intoxication
Absolute CI’s to local
Not recommended to local area
Relative CI’s
Treatment to be modified
Disc herniation
Etc
Draping boundary for side lying
Undrape back to the ILLIAC crest
Undrape leg to the greater trochanter
Ensuring that the genital area and gluteal cleft are covered
Center of gravity
Biomechanics
Force should be applied by shifting body weight and moving COG forward
Table height
1/2 of therapists height
24-28 inches width
Local contraindication vs general CI
Local- certain area
General- (systemic) Andy reason to avoid entire body
Draping boundary line prone
Undrape back to the PSIS
Undrape the leg to the greater trochanter so gluteal muscles are accessible
Draping line- supine
Undrape to pectoral muscles
Female- rise of breast
Closed/open questions
Open ended- invite Reflexion stimulate further conversation
Closed- result in simple, straight forward answers
Gliding stroking and effleurage CI’s
Not used distal to an area of inflammation
Or distal to injury
Not used in open wounds
Not used in limbs of client with
hypertension,
heart disease
Varicose veins
Edema caused by thrombosis
Kneading CI’s
Not used in
- Most Acute conditions and when local massage is contraindicated
- severely atrophied or atonic muscles
- over vericosities
Vibration CI’s
Not with
Uncovered open or contagious skin issues
Course- may cause spastic paralysis
Apical breathing
Inefficient breathing- upper chest of lungs are used
Lateral ribs and scalenes compensate for lack of visceral breathing
Can be seen with
Poor posture
Pain
Stress
Paradoxical breathing
Occurs when stomach does not rise as they breathe in
Stomach muscles do not relax
Outer rib motion and scalenes must compensate for lack of stomach movement
May indicate diaphragm problems
2 factors of body mechanics
Ergonomics
Biomechanics
Ergonomics
Design equipment-work environment and workload to reduce stress on body
Issues can be-
Height and width of massage table
Type of floor covering
And amount of space for table
Biomechanics
Body motions and muscular forces to complete tasks
Concerns can be
Improper use of body areas
Repetitive delivery of mechanical forces
Sequencing and transitioning
Sequencing refers to
Both the sequence of methods (the order)
Transitioning involves
Smooth movements from 1 method to another
Efficient progression of skills when undraping
Sequencing principles
General specific general
Superficial deep superficial
Proximal distal proximal
Peripheral central peripheral
What two sequencing principles should be applied to every technique
General specific general
Superficial deep superficial
Stressed breathing
Apical breathing
Autonomic nervous system
Regulates the internal functions of body
Divided into
PNS
SNS
Oscillation
Any back and forth manner
Vibrations
Shaking
Rocking
Mechanical effects
Increased lymph flow
Reflex effects
Nervous system
Physiologic effects
Biochemical- improved connective tissue
Psychological effects
Mind-emotions-behaviour
Improved self image
Psychoneuroimmunological effects
Altered feeling state
Changes in hormones or immune function
Decreased anxiety or cortisol levels
Energetic effects
Direct effects on bio magnetic field and energy flow
Pathway of Axillary nerve
Part of brachial plexus
Goes through Axillary
Goes out posteriorly to the back of the humerus
Innovates the deltoid and teres minor
Is the SUPERIOR line in the
QUADRANGULAR SPACE
What are the muscle lines for the quadrangular space
Superior line- teres minor
Inferior line - teres major
Right lateral- surgical neck of the humerus
Left lateral- long head of triceps
What runs through the quadrangular space
Axillary nerve
Posterior circumflex humeral artery
What does the cervical plexus innovate
Contains both sensory and muscular nerves
Innervates muscles of the neck
Skin of the head, neck and chest
What forms the cervical plexus
Formed by the
Ventral ramifications of the upper 4 cervical nerves and a part of the 5th FROM THE SPINAL CORD
Where is the cervical plexus located
This network is located deep to the sternocleidomastoid muscle within the neck
