midterm Flashcards
A ___________ transducer may provide optimal images well into the third trimester on a thin patient.
5.0 MHz
A correctly filled bladder allows for imaging of the ________________ and lower placental edge.
Cervix
A fetus positioned wit the cranium in the superior uterus, rump in the inferior uterus, and spine at the maternal right uterus is labeled:
breech, left lateral
A normal gestation last approximately:
280 days
A sonogram at 8 weeks of gestation demonstrates a cystic area within the posterior cranium. This appearance most likely represents which one of the following?
Normal rhombencephalon
At what age have the rudimentary forms of all embryonic organs and structures developed?
Almost 11 weeks menstrual/GA
Choose the position that is the same as a cephalic presentation.
vertex
Endovaginal transducers aid the clinician in determing all except:
fluid in Morison pouch
Identify the blastocyst layer that eventually develops into the embyryonic portion of the placenta.
Trophoblast
In early pregnancy, the gestational sac size grows at a rate of ___________ mm/day.
1-2
In the breech fetus with the transverse spine and orientation marker to the right of the monitor, the fetus is lying __
on it’s right side
in the first trimester, herniated bowel will return within the abdominal cavity by the ____________ week
12th
Name the solid ball of developing cells that occurs after fertilization.
morula
Select the normal chromosome number for an ovum
22X or 22Y
The blastocyst typically enters the uterus ___________ days after fertilization.
6 to 8
The crown-rump length measurement is considered most accurate through the _________ gestational week.
Twelfth
The diameter of the normal yolk sac should never exceed____________ mm.
6mm
The embryonic heart begins to beat at _________ days after conception.
23
The inability of some females to lay supine during weeks 20 - term pregnancy because of a hypotensive state is known as:
aortocaval compression syndrome
The interface between the decidua capsularis and echogenic vascular endometrium is which one of the following?
Double decidual sign
The portion of the endometrium that surrounds the blastocyst is:
decidua capsularis
The villi on the myometrial side of the conceptus are known as which one of the following?
Decidua basalis
To calculate the mean sac diameter of a gestational sac, which one of the following formulas should be used?
Length x Width x Height) / 3
Ultrasound in the first trimester is mostly performed to demonstrate:
EDD, GA, and likelihood of continuing to term
Using Naegele’s rule, what would be the estimated due date for a woman with a LMP of September 10th ?
June 17th
Using a transvaginal approach, the first structure visualized within a gestational sac is which one of the following structures?
Secondary yolk sac
What is the area between the myometrium and the placenta?
Retroplacental
What is the formula to calculate gestational age in weeks?
Menstrual age in days/7
What portion of the fallopian tube does fertilization generally occur in ?
ampullary
What prevents more than one sperm from entering an ovum?
Zona pellucida
What structure images after the secondary yolk sac?
Embryo
What would be the correct formula to calculate gestational age in days?
MSD + 30
What would be the gestational age of an embryo with a CRL of 0.38 cm?
6.3 weeks
When the fetus is vertex and the transverse spine is on the left side of the monitor, the fetus is lying__
on it’s right side
Where does implantation of the embryo occur?
endometrium
Which hormone triggers ovulation?
LH
Which of the following contributes to the maternal portion of the placenta?
basal decidua
Which of the following laboratory tests is used to indicate pregnancy when the values are elevated?
hcg
Which one of the following structures forms early in gestation and surrounds the embryo?
amniotic cavity
or “footling” breech indicates the fetus has one foot or both feet down (towards the cervix), so it’s legs are poised to deliver first.
incomplete
__ breech refers to when the buttocks present first (toward the cervix) and both hips and knees are flexed.
complete
___refers to when the head is down towards the cervix.
vertex
Select the procedure used to obtain a fetal blood sample.
pubs
Which procedure allows for sampling of the amniotic fluid?
amniocentesis
Which of the following can be done in the first six weeks of gestation?
coelocentesis
Which of the following is the most common maternal disorder?
diabetes mellitus
All of the following are recognized as part of the double decidual sac sign except:
A cresent shaped sonolucent collection of blood between the gestational sac and the uterine wall is ___
subchorionic hemorrhage
A deficiency of red blood cells is __
anemia
A gestational sac in which the embryo fails to develop is described as which one of the following?
anembryotic pregnancy
Which one of the following is the most common pelvic mass seen in a first-trimester pregnancy?
corpus luteum cyst
Which location of ectopic pregnancy would have an increased risk of massive hemorrhage?
abdomen
Theca Lutein cysts are usually stimulated by excessive levels of hCG and are related to:
The term for having an abnormal number of chromosomes is _____
Aneuploidy
The term for an abnormally rapid heart rate is __
tachycardia
The spontaneous failure and expulsion of an early pregnancy is _
abortion
The serum level of beta hCG is __________________ with gestational trophoblastic disease.
the most common cause of vaginal bleeding in the first trimester is which one of the following
spontaneous abortion
Ectopic pregnancy most often implant in the:
fallopian tube (ampullary)
Early onset intrauterine growth restriction is defined as crown rump length at least ______________ standard deviations below the mean for the expected gestational age.
two
