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OB 1 > ch 21 & 22 > Flashcards

ch 21 & 22 Flashcards

1
Q

focal dilatation of the artery

A

aneurysm

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2
Q

placenta where the lobes are nearly equal in size and the cord inserts into the chorionic bridge of tissue that connects the two lobes

A

bilobed placenta

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3
Q

fatal condition associated with multiple congenital anomalies and absence of the umbilical cord

A

body stalk anomaly

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4
Q

very rare condition where there is a massive subchorionic thrombosis of the placenta secondary to extreme venous obstruction

A

breus mole

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5
Q

Attachment of the placental membranes to the fetal surface of the placenta rather than to the underlying placental margin

A

Extrachorial placenta

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6
Q

Bending, twisting, and bulging of the umbilical cord vessels mimicking a knot in the umbilical cord

A

false knot

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7
Q

Periumbilical abdominal wall defect, typically to the right of normal cord insertion that results in free bloating bowel within the amniotic fluid

A

gastroschisis

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8
Q

A condition characterized by multiple complex fetal anomalies and a short umbilical cord

A

Limb-body wall complex

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9
Q

Occurs when the umbilical cord inserts at the placental margin

A

marginal insertion/battledore placenta

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10
Q

Central anterior abdominal wall defect at the site of cord insertion into the fetal abdomen that results in abdominal organs protruding outside the abdominal cavity but contained by a covering membrane consisting of peritoneum, wharton jelly, and amnion

A

omphalocele

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11
Q

Term that refers to a thickened or hydropic placenta

A

Placentomegaly

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12
Q

linear, extra-amniotic tissue that projects into the amniotic cavity with no restriction of fetal movement

A

Synechia (asherman syndrome)

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13
Q

intraplacental area of hemorrhage or clot

A

thrombosis

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14
Q

Result of the fetus actually passing through a loop or loops of umbilical cord creating one or more knots in the cord

A

True knot

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15
Q

Method of assessing the degree of umbilical cord coiling, defined as the number of complete coils per cm length of cord

A

umbilical coiling index (UCI)

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16
Q

Vascular structure connecting the fetus and placenta that normally contains two arteries and one vein surrounded by wharton jelly

A

umbilical cord

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17
Q

failure of the normal physiologic gut herniation to regress into the abdomen resulting in a small amount of bowel protruding into the base of the umbilical cord

A

umbilical hernia

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18
Q

Tubular, anechoic structures found beneath the chorionic plate that correspond to blood filled spaces found at delivery

A

Venous lakes

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19
Q

Placental hydrops produces a
a- thin placenta with venous lakes
b- thick placenta with a ground like appearance
c- annular placenta with irregular contour
d-membranacea placenta with low resistance blood flow

A

Thick placenta with a “ground-glass appearance”

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20
Q

A “jelly like placenta” is associated with
a-venous lakes
b-IUGR
c-adjacent fibroid
d-degeneration

A

IUGR

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21
Q

A succenturiate placenta
a-has increased frequency in primigravidas
b-is ring shaped
c-most often have velamentous umbilical cord insertion
d- is edematous

A

most often have velamentous umbilical cord insertion

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22
Q

Circumvallate placental tissue is
a-flat and noted on approx 20% of placenta
b-associated with a thickened rolled chorioamniotic membrane
c-extremely rare
d-prone to fetal macrosomia

A

associated with thicken rolled chorioamniotic membrane

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23
Q

Risk factor for placenta previa include all except
a-previous c section
b-multiple gestation
c-previous elective abortions
d-hypertension

A

hypertension

24
Q

A placenta is considered low lying if the inferior margin is
a-0.5 cm from internal os
b-adjacent to the interal os
c-within 2 cm of the internal os
d-posterior

A

Within 2 cm of the internal os

25
Q

The most infiltrative form of placenta accreta is
a-percreta
b-accreta
c-increta
d-invasive

A

percreta

26
Q

Attachment problems of the placenta are known as all except
a-morbidly adherent placenta
b-placetnal attachment disorder
c-abdnormally invasive placenta
d-infiltrative myometrial placenta

A

infiltrative myometrial placenta

27
Q

Placental infarction is
a-visualized at the fetal placement surface
b-owing to obstructed spiral arteries
c-multiple mhemorrhages into placental lakes
d-factor in macrosomia

A

owing to obstructed spiral arteries

28
Q

A benign vascular malformation of the placenta is a
a-teratoma
b-septal cyst
c-lacuna
d-chorioangioma

A

chorioangioma

29
Q

Premature separation of all of part of the placenta from the myometrium is
a-hemorrhage
b-subchorionic
c-abruption
d-subdural

A

abruption

30
Q

Linear, extra amniotic tissue projection into the amniotic cavity is noted often in pregnant women with hx of
a-uterine curettage
b-cervical dilation
c-multiples
d-stds

A

uterine curettage

31
Q

amniotic band syndrome is a condition that
a-involves free floating membrane
b- is a result of rupture of the amnion without rupture of the chorion
c- is not revealed in the 3rd trimester
d- involves the uterine septum

A

is a result of rupture of the amnion without rupture of the chorion

32
Q

A condition of pregnancy where the trophoblastic cells produce excessive amounts of beta human chorionic gonadotropin is
a-multiparity
b-fetal entrapment
c- molar pregnancy
d- compression syndrome

A

molar pregnancy

33
Q

SUA is associated with all except
a-cardiovascular malformations
b- central nervous system defects
c- musculoskeletal abnormalities
d- skeletal dysplasia

A

skeletal dysplasia

34
Q

PRUV, a common vascular variant describes
a- a strictured right portal vein
b- a duplicated right portal vein
c- pancreatic right portal vein
d- open right portal vein

A

open right portal vein

35
Q

TTTS is caused by
a- battledore umbilical insertion
b- monochorionic twin pregnancies
c- oligohydramnios
d- discordant fetal size and polyhydramnios

A

battledore umbilical insertion

36
Q

prenatal management of known umbilical pseudo and true cysts
a- is not necessary because resolution is imminent
b- typically referes to MRI for evaluation
c- involves serial us exams
d- displays echogenic characteristis near placenta insertion

A

typically refers to MRI for evaluation

37
Q

Cord prolapse is defined as:

a- compressed umbilical cord
b- presentation of the umbilical cord in advance of the fetal presenting oart during labor and delivey
c- excessive bending and twisting of the umbilical cord
d- focal bulge or vascular protuberance of the umbilical cord

A

Excessive bending and twisting of the umbilical cord

38
Q

Area between the myometrium and placenta

A

retroplacental

39
Q

the functional layer of the endometrium in the gravid woman

A

decidua

40
Q

Uterine contractions that do not lead to labor

A

Braxton-hicks

41
Q

Inhalations and suspension of breath coupled with abdominal muscles contraction to increase abdominal pressure

A

Valsalva

42
Q

white, cheese like coating if fetal skin

A

vernix caseosum

43
Q

extra placental lobe smaller than the placenta

A

Bilobed placenta

44
Q

Mucous tissue surrounding the umbilical cord

A

Wharton jelly

45
Q

lobule or subdivision of the maternal placenta containing fetal vessels, chorionic villi, and the intervillous splace

A

cotyledons

46
Q

The placenta is responsible for all but:
a- hormonal functions
b- nutritive functions
c- respiratory functions
d- excretory functions

A

hormonal functions

47
Q

vascular resistance changes in the umbilical cord can be caused by all except
a- umbilical cord compression
b- maternal hypotension
c- placental tumor
d- maternal diabetes

A

maternal hypotension

48
Q

The umbilical cord originates from fusion of the yolk sac stalk and the omphalomesenteric duct at approx

A

7 weeks

49
Q

The maternal side of the placenta
a- is homogeneous
b- is made of approx 20 cotyledons
c- is bordered by amnion
d- attaches to the chorionic plate

A

is made of approx 20 cotyledons

50
Q

the umbilical cord consists of

A

2 arteries, vein, and wharton jelly

51
Q

The normal at term umbilical cord length is approx

A

52 to 61 cm

52
Q

the normal term placenta weighs between

A

480 and 600 g

53
Q

the normal placental thickness at 24 weeks gestation is less than

A

4cm

54
Q

placental calcification may be caused by all except
a-lung maturity
b- maternal smoking
c- parity
d- season of the year

A

lung maturity

55
Q

a normal mean circumference of the term umbilical cord is

A

3.8 cm

OB 1 (8 decks)

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