Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PNP > midterm > Flashcards

midterm Flashcards

1
Q

chemical medication name

A

provides the exact description of medications composition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

generic medication name

A

the manufacturer who first developed the drug assigns the name ex. acedominiphone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

trade medication name

A

also known as the brand name, the name under which a manufacturer markers the medication ex.tylonol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Medication classifications

A

-effect of medication on the body system
-symptoms the medication receives
-medications desired effect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

medication forms

A

solid, liquid, buccal, sublingual, topical, parenteral, suppositories

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

absorption

A

passage of medication molecules into the blood from the site of administration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

factors that influence absorption

A

-route of administration
-ability of a medication to dissolve
-blood flow to the site of administration
-body surface area
-lipid solubility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

distribution of medication

A

circulation, membrane permeability, protein building

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

medication metabolism

A

-medications are metabolized into a less-potent or an inactive form
-biotransformation occurs under the influence of enzymes that detoxify, break down, and remove active chemicals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

excretion

A

kidney, liver, bowel, lungs, exocrine glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

therapeutic effect

A

expected or predicted psychological responce

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

adverse effect

A

unintended, undesirable, often unpredictable
- side effect, toxic effect idiosyncratic reaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

side effect

A

predictable, unavoidable secondary effect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

toxic effect

A

accumulation of medication in the bloodstream

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

idiosyncratic reaction

A

overreaction or underreaction or different reaction from normal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

medication interactions

A

one medication modifies the action of another

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

medical dependence

A

physical and psychological

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

physical dependence

A

body shaking and symptoms bc your body needs it withdraws symptoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

psychological dependence

A

brain wants it for other reasons then need

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

biological half life

A

how long it takes for meds to hit peak

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

four major sites of injection

A

intradermal, subcutaneous, intramuscular, intravenous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

other parenteral routes

A

epidural, intracathrcal, intraosseous, intrapleural, intracardiac, intraarticular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

nasal instillation methods

A

spray, drops, tampons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

pressurized metered-dose inhalers

A

require hand strength and hand-breath coordination, may be used with spacer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

breath-actuated metered-dose inhalers

A

release depends on strength of patients breath on inspiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

dry powder inhalers

A

activated by patients breath, deliver more medication to the lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

preparing an injection from an ampule

A

use a filter needle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

before injecting, what do you need to know?

A

volume of meds, viscosity, and location of site, minimize pt discomfort

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Subcutaneous injections

A

-placed into loose connective tissue under dermis
-arms, abdomen, thigh
-25-gauge at 45 degree angle
ex. insulin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

intramuscular injections

A

ex. flu, penicillin
-90 degree angle
-23-gauge
-depending on age and size of pt, use different length and amount
psa-you can split into different injections

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

z-track method

A

pull back skin, inject and release the skin to “close it” so the meds don’t come back up

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

IM injection sites

A

-ventrogluteal site is #1 spot
-vastus lateralis, used for adults and children
-deltoid, not well developed in many adults and can cause injury if given

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

intradermal injections

A

ex. tb test
27 gauge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

nurses administer medications intravenously by the following methods

A

-infusion of large volumes of IV fluid containers that contain medications mixed, labeled and dispensed by pharm ex. iv fluids
- injection of a bolus or small volume of medication through an existing IV infusion line aka iv push
-piggyback- infusion of a solution containing the prescribed medication and a small volume of iv fluid through an existing line

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

continuous iv fluids vs saline lock

A

continuous is connected to something where a saline has nothing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

needle safety with intravenous administration- blunt tip must be capped when?

A

-adjusting dose
-removing air bubbles
-labeling syringe
-transporting medications
-blunt tip goes straight to Sharpe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

osmosis

A

passive transport where the lower solute transport into higher solute for equal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

osmolality

A

the concentration of solutes in body fluids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

filtration

A

higher to lower

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

medical history assessment for volemia

A

-burns and heart failure can cause hypo bc it docent pump right

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

hypovolemic pt symptoms

A

small veins, low bp, eye bags, dark urine, delay of capillary refill, high heart rate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

hypervolemic pt symptoms

A

swollen, high bp, clear urine, fluid sound in lungs

43
Q

acute care for volemic pts

A

-replacements of fluids to increase drinking
-restriction of fluids
-total parenteral nutrition ( goes straight to veins)

44
Q

IV access

A

-peripheral- hand, arm, foot
-centeral venous catheters- goes straight to heart (central line)

45
Q

how do you know the infusion rate?

A

lexicomp

46
Q

how do you manage a line?

A

know when it is done, flush clean and make sure its safe and check for reactions

47
Q

complications of Iv therapy

A

-circulatory overload of IV solution
-infiltration (extravasation)
-phlebitis
-local infection
-air embolism
-bleeding at venipuncture site

48
Q

extravsastion

A

when damage occurs atom infiltration

49
Q

phlebitis

A

inflammation of the vein- red, swollen, tender

50
Q

albumin

A

protein, keep fluid where it is

51
Q

universal recepient

A

AB+

52
Q

universal donor

A

O-

53
Q

blood implementation

A

-2 IV sites
- filter tubing with saline
-2 RN check
- stay with pt for 15 min
-increase rate after 15 min
-rate and hang time max 4 hrs

54
Q

hemolytic transfusion reaction

A

-low back pain
-hypotension
-tachycardia
-fever and chills
-chest pain
-tachypena
-hemoglobinuria
-immediate onset

55
Q

AC

A

before meals

56
Q

ad lib

A

as desired

57
Q

bid

A

twice a day

58
Q

pc

A

after meals

59
Q

prn

A

when needed

60
Q

q am

A

every morning

61
Q

Qh

A

every hour

62
Q

q4h

A

every 4 hours

63
Q

qid

A

4 times per day

64
Q

tid

A

3 times per day

65
Q

angles of injections

A

muscular- 90
subcutaneous- 45 or 90
-dermal- 15

66
Q

who makes the patient safety goals?

A

Joint commission

67
Q

what are the joint commission goals?

A

-2 pt identifiers
-improve staff communication
-med saftey
-use alarms safely
-prevent infection
-identify pts at risk for suicide
-prevent mistakes in surgery

68
Q

promoting safety

A

-encourage collaberation
-acknowledge high risk situations
-encourage blame-free environment
-commitment to addressing safety concerns

69
Q

oxygen tanks

A

-highly flammable!!!
-store in side bc if falls over will explode because its pressurized
-avaliability when traveling
-carbon monoxide
-proper ventilation

70
Q

temperature

A

-hypothermia
-frostbite
-heat exhaustion/ stroke

homeless, no air or heater

71
Q

physical hazards

A

-stairs, lose rugs, chords, climbing on counters, furniture, pets
-kids away from meds/ cleaning supplies, kitchen appliances/ utensils

72
Q

hazards in work environment

A

-construction, health care, work outside

73
Q

fall risk factors

A

-occupations with height
-alcohol/drugs-bp meds, opioids, muscle relaxers
-socieconomic factors- crowded home
-underlying factors-orthostatic hypotension (-20/-10)
-polypharmacy
-physical inactivity
-poor mobility
-unsafe env. physical hazards
-feet and shoes

74
Q

fire rescue

A

R- rescue
A- alarm
C- contain
E-evacuate

75
Q

fire extinguish

A

P- pull
A-Aim
S-squeeze
S-sweep

76
Q

natural disaster

A

-disaster plan
-away from windows
-staffing issues
-supplies
-communication

77
Q

HAI

A

healthcare associated infection

78
Q

CAUTI

A

Cath. associated uti

79
Q

CLABSI

A

central line associated blood stream infection

80
Q

HAPI

A

healthcare associated pressure injury- check pt/more q2h or more

81
Q

colonization

A

presence/grown of microorganisms that live within a host without tissue damage/invasion

82
Q

chain of infection

A

-infectious agent
-reservoir
-portal of exit
-modes of transportation
-portal entry
-susceptible host

83
Q

reservoir

A

food, oxygen, water, temp., ph, light

84
Q

portal of exit

A

skin and mucous membrane, respiratory tract, go tract, urinary tract, reproductive, blood

85
Q

body defenses against infection

A

-normal flora(gut biomes)
-body system defenses
-inflammation

86
Q

inflammation defenses

A

-vascular and cellular responses
-inflammatory exudate (pus)
-tissue repair (responding)

87
Q

HAI’s occur as the result of

A

-invasive procedures
-antibiotic administration
-multidrug-resistant organisms
-breaks in infection prevention and control activities

88
Q

factors influencing infection prevention and control

A

-age
-sex
-nutritional status
-stress
-disease process

89
Q

health promotion

A

-nutrition
-hygiene
-immunization
-adequate rest and regular exercise

90
Q

medical asepsis

A

-control or elimination of infectious agents (cleaning and sterilization)
-protection of the susceptible host
-control and eliminate of reservoirs of infection
-control of portals of exit/entry (cough correctly)
-control of transmission

91
Q

isolation

A

-standard precautions
-transmission based precautions
-psychological implications of isolation
-isolation environment
-PPE
-specimen collection
-bagging trash
-transporting patients

92
Q

transmission based precautions

A

-airborne, droplet, contact, and protective environment

93
Q

airborne precautions

A

wash hands, N95, close door, neg. air in room

94
Q

droplet precautions

A

wash hands, mask, goggles/shield, usually combination with contact

95
Q

contact precautions

A

dedicated disposable equipment

96
Q

order of putting equipment on

A

gown, mask, goggles, gloves

97
Q

order of taking PPE off

A

gloves, goggles, gown, mask

98
Q

airborne diseases

A

measles, chickenpox, rubeola

99
Q

droplet diseases

A

flu, strep, meningitis, rhinovirus, tdap, pneumonia,

100
Q

contact diseases

A

VRE, MRSA, c-diff, shingles, scabies

101
Q

protective environment diseases

A

allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplants

102
Q

lozenge

A

cough drop

103
Q

exposure issues

A

-accidental needlesticks
-blood or other potentially infectious materials
-airborne and droplet diseases

104
Q
A

PNP (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions