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NURSING INFORMATICS > MIDTERM > Flashcards

MIDTERM Flashcards

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1
Q

defined as all of the physical components of a computer.

A

Computer Hardware

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2
Q

It is a machine that uses electronic components and instructions to the components to perform calculations, repetitive and complex procedures, process text, and manipulate data and signals.

A

Computer

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3
Q

title that evolved from the
French word “informatics” which referred to the field of
applied computer science concerned with the processing of information such as nursing information (Nelson,
2013).

A

Nursing Informatics

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4
Q

It has evolved from huge, room-sized electronic calculators developed with military funding during World War II to palm-sized machines available to virtually everybody.

A

Computer Technology

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5
Q

It composes the computer’s architecture, and includes the electronic circuits, microchips, processors, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), and graphic and sound cards.

A

Basic hardware of a computer

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6
Q

It is a square or rectangular board with circuits into which are plugged the main electronics of the computer.

A

Motherboard

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7
Q

Devices that may be inside the computer case but are not part of the architecture

A

Main Storage Device

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8
Q

It is is usually an internal hard drive, the cooling system, a modem, Ethernet connectors, optical drives, universal serial bus (USB) connectors, and multiformat media card readers.

A

Main Storage Device

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9
Q

keyboard, touch screen, mouse, printer, and fax.

A

input and output devices

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10
Q

These are external hard drives, thumb drives, floppy drives, tape drives, sound systems (earphones, microphones, speakers, subwoofers), and the computer monitor.

A

Storage components

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11
Q

These are composed of many different components that enable the user to communicate with the computer, and with other computers to produce work.

A

Computer systems

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12
Q

It advances during the late 1900s and into the 2000s have made possible many changes to the healthcare industry.

A

Computer hardware

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13
Q

It enabled surgeons to insert endoscopy tools that allow for both visualization and precise removal of diseased tissues, leaving healthy tissues minimally damaged and the patient unscarred (Botta et al., 2013; Gumbs et al., 2009).

A

Computer-enhanced surgical instruments

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14
Q

These have greatly enhanced the scope and complexity of surgeries that are now amenable to much less invasive surgeries (Volante et al., 2014).

A

Virtual reality programs in surgery

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15
Q

It is now being used to reduce the impact of distance and location on the accessibility and availability of healthcare.

A

Telemedicine

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16
Q

It is a thin, flat sheet made of a firm, nonconducting material on which the internal components—printed circuits, chips, slots, and so on—of the computer are mounted.

A

Motherboard

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17
Q

It is made of a dielectric or non-conducting plastic material.

A

Motherboard

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18
Q

It contains the microchips (including the central processing unit [CPU]), and the wiring, and slots for adding components.

A

Motherboard

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19
Q

It includes the locations of the computer’s internal or main working storage.

A

Memory

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20
Q

refers to the electronic storage devices or chips on the motherboard of a computer.

A

Memory

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21
Q

It is a form of permanent storage in the computer. It carries instructions that allow the computer to be booted (started), and other essential machine instructions.

A

Read-only memory (ROM)

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22
Q

used by the control unit of the CPU to oversee computer functions.

A

Firmware

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23
Q

It refers to working memory used for primary storage. It is used as temporary storage. Also known as main memory.

A

Random access memory (RAM)

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24
Q

It is the work area available to the CPU for all processing applications.

A

RAM

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25
Q

It is a smaller form of RAM. Its purpose is to speed up processing by storing frequently called items in a small, rapid access memory location.

A

Cache

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26
Q

These are wired to a controller that is plugged into the slots or circuit boards of the computer. Some devices can serve as both input and output devices—for example, the hard drive in which most of the programs are stored receive and store information as well as send their programs to the computer.

A

INPUT AND OUTPUT DEVICES

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27
Q

These devices allow the computer to receive information from the outside world. The most common input devices are the keyboard and mouse.

A

Input Devices

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28
Q

Others commonly seen on nursing workstations

A

touch screen
light pen
voice
scanner

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29
Q

These allow the computer to “sense” when a particular part of the screen is pressed or touched

A

Electronics

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30
Q

It displays information back to the user, just as does any computer monitor.

A

Touch Screen

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31
Q

It is a device attached to a computer that has special software that allows the computer to sense when the light pen is focused on a particular part of the screen. It allows smaller screen location discriminations than does a touch screen.

A

Light Pen

32
Q

(CAT)

A

Computerized axial tomography

33
Q

(MRI)

A

medical resonance imaging

34
Q

These devices allow the computer to report its results to the external world.
defined as any equipment that translates the computer information into something readable by people or other machines.

A

Output Devices

35
Q

Most obvious output devices

A

monitor (display screen)
printer

36
Q

Other commonly used output devices

A

USB drive (also known as flash or thumb drive) optical media.

37
Q

output devices recording and displaying heart rhythm patterns, and initiating alarms when certain conditions are met.

A

Heart monitors

38
Q

includes both images on a screen and fluids infused into the patient’s body.

A

Volumetric infusion pump output

39
Q

includes the main memory but also external devices on which programs and data are stored.

A

Storage

40
Q

most common storage device

A

computer’s hard drive

41
Q

It is a peripheral device that has very high speed and high density.

A

Hard Drive

42
Q

It is actually a form of a small, removable hard drive that is inserted into the USB port of the computer.

A

USB flashdrive

43
Q

USB drive is also known as

A

pen drive
jump drive
thistle drive
pocket drive

44
Q

includes CDs, DVDs, and Blu-ray.

A

Optical Media

45
Q

These are rigid disks that hold a higher density of information and have higher speed.

A

CD-ROMs
DVDs

46
Q

Data stored “in the cloud” are still stored on commercial computers called

A

Servers

47
Q

It is An extension of the online storage service offered by individual vendors

A

Cloud Storage

48
Q

refers to a distributed system of many commercial, networked servers that communicate through the Internet, and work together so closely that they can essentially function as one large system.

A

Cloud

49
Q

refer to how the machine stores information at the lowest, or “closest to machine registers and memory,” level.

A

Bits and Bytes

50
Q

is a unit of data in the binary numbering system.

A

bit (binary digit)

51
Q

Binary means

A

two

52
Q

basic operations of the CPU

A

cycles

53
Q

four types of cycles

A

fetch
decode
execute
store

54
Q

It s measured in cycles per second

A

CPU Speed

55
Q

CPU speed is measured in cycles per second, which are called

A

Clock Speed

56
Q

It is a set of cooperative interconnected computers for the purpose of information interchange.

A

Network

57
Q

networks of greatest interest include

A

local area networks (LANs), wide area networks (WANs), and the Internet,

58
Q

most important components of network hardware

A

adapter or interface card, cabling, and servers.

59
Q

It is a computer circuit board or card that is installed in a computer so that it can be connected to a network.

A

Network Interface Card - NIC

60
Q

is the means by which actual transfer of data from one site to another takes place.

A

Communication medium (cabling)

61
Q

Commonly used communication media include

A

twisted pair cable
coaxial cable
fiber-optics
telephone lines
satellites
compressed video.

62
Q

the use of information and communication technology for health services and information by both healthcare professionals and the public.

A

eHealth

63
Q

three key synergistic advanced hardware elements enabling mobile health (mHealth)

A

physical device size
wireless network access
battery life

64
Q

is accelerating due to the convergence of the infrastructure of adequate processing power and storage available on mobile devices (e.g., smartphones, advanced tablets, and wearable/implantable/injectable devices); large capacity redundant storage typically available through cloud computing services; and long-life batteries.

A

mhEALTH

65
Q

The ability of a mobile device to connect with networks in multiple ways is the foundation of mobile computing and mHealth.

A

Wireless Communication

66
Q

Technology used to wirelessly communicate with a mobile device includes

A

mobile telecommunications technology
Wi-Fi
Bluetooth
Radio-Frequency IDentification (RFID).

67
Q

a standard for wireless communication of high-speed data for mobile phones.

A

Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (Mobile WiMAX) and LongTerm Evolution (LTE),

68
Q

is intended for general local network access

A

WI-FI

69
Q

Wi-Fi is intended for general local network access, called

A

wireless local area network (WLAN).

70
Q

It is intended for a wireless personal area network (WPAN)

A

Bluetooth

71
Q

specifies an application framework

A

Wireless Application Environment (WAE)

72
Q

It is an open standard providing mobile devices access to telephony and information services.

A

Wireless Application Protocol (WAP)

73
Q

Protocols covering wireless devices include

A

WAE & WAP

74
Q

It is a technology that uses radio-frequency electromagnetic fields to transfer data, using tags that contain electronically stored information.

A

Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID)

75
Q

It is a broad, expanding universe that encompasses a wide variety of user stories (use cases) that range from continuous clinical data access to remote diagnosis and even guest Internet access.

A

MHealth

76
Q

these are ubiquitous in the healthcare setting

A

smartphone & tablets

77
Q

One of the latest trends in healthcare IT

A

Concept of Bring Your Own Device (BYOD)

NURSING INFORMATICS (2 decks)

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