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Psychia > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

is a state of emotional, psychological, and social wellness evidenced by satisfying interpersonal relationships, effective behavior and coping, positive self-concept, and emotional stability.

Fulfill life responsibilities, function effectively and are satisfied with their Interpersonal relationship and themselves.

A

MENTAL HEALTH

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2
Q

A clinically significant behavioral or psychological syndrome or pattern that occurs in an individual and is associated with present distress or disability or with significantly increased risk of suffering or death, pain, disability or an important loss of freedom (APA)

A

Mental Illness

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3
Q

It is when someone lacks the ability to manage day to day events and/or control their behavior so that basic physical and emotional needs are threatened or unmet.

A

mental illness

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4
Q

an extreme mental disturbance involving distorted perceptions of reality and irrational behavior; basically, a complete break with reality.

A

psychosis

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5
Q

“Mental Health Nursing is a specialized field of nursing which focuses on meeting the mental health needs of the consumer, in partnership with family, significant others and the community in any setting. It is a specialized interpersonal process embodying a concept of caring….”

A

The Psychiatric/mental Health Nursing

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6
Q

– is an interpersonal process that promotes and maintains pt behavior that contributes to integrated functioning.
- a specialized area of nsg practice, employing the wide range of explanatory theories of human behavior as its science and purposeful use of self as its art (ANA 2000)

A

PSYCHIATRIC NURSING

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7
Q

Cause: Punishment of wrongdoing
- divine or demonic
- (Aristotle 382-322 BC) amounts of blood water, and yellow and black bile control emotions
- aimed at resorting balance through bloodletting, starving, and purging

A

Ancient Times

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8
Q

Primitive beliefs and superstitions were strong
Priest performed exorcisms to rid evil spirits; incarceration, flogging & starving.

A

EARLY CHRISTIAN (1-1000AD)

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9
Q

St Mary of Bethlem Hospital in England (1547)
- charge visitors for amusement; bleeding, bathing, vomiting, purging, forced feeding, ridiculing; Tx: ABC
Bicetre (France) – attendants “ringmasters

A

RENAISSANCE (1300-1600)

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10
Q

Philippe Pinel ( France) and William Tuke ( England) pioneered humane tx of mentally ill.

ASYLUM – safe refuge or haven offering protection; unchained, fed, clothed & abolished whips
- upheld human dignity

DOROTHEA DIX (1800s , U.S.A)
- State hospitals; alleviate suffering with adequate shelter, nutritious food & warm clothing

A

Benchmark 1:PERIODS OF ENLIGHTENMENT (1790s)

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11
Q

pioneered humane tx of mentally ill.

A

Philippe Pinel ( France) and William Tuke ( England)

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12
Q

safe refuge or haven offering protection; unchained, fed, clothed & abolished whips
- upheld human dignity

A

asylum

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13
Q

State hospitals; alleviate suffering with adequate shelter, nutritious food & warm clothing

A

DOROTHEA DIX (1800s , U.S.A)

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14
Q

Sigmund Freud (1856-1939): focused on
understanding the mind and mental illness; focus on life experience
- introduced: motivation, catharsis (release from emotions), meaning of dreams, psychoanalysis, id, ego, supergo, free association
- challenged society to view person objectively.
Emil Kraepelin (1856-1926) : began classifying mental
disorders according to their symptoms; brain pathology
Eugene Bleuler (1857-1939) : coined the term
Schizophrenia

A

Benchmark 2: Period of Scientific Study

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15
Q

focused on
understanding the mind and mental illness; focus on life experience
- introduced: motivation, catharsis (release from emotions), meaning of dreams, psychoanalysis, id, ego, supergo, free association
- challenged society to view person objectively.

A

Sigmund Freud

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16
Q

began classifying mental disorders according to their symptoms; brain pathology

A

Emil Kraepelin (1856-1926

17
Q

Chlorpromazine ( Thorazine); Lithium
Imipramine (Tofranil)
MAOI ( Monoamine oxidase inhibitor)
Haloperidol ( Haldol)
Tricyclic antidepressants, were introduced 10 years after
Benzodiazepines
Advantages:
Shorter hospital confinement
Noise and chaos diminished
Reduced agitation, psychotic thinking, depression

A

Benchmark 3:PERIOD OF PSYCHOTROPIC DRUGS ( 1950)

18
Q

were introduced 10 years after

A

Tricyclic antidepressants

19
Q

Benzodiazepines
Advantages

A

-Shorter hospital confinement
-Noise and chaos diminished
-Reduced agitation, psychotic thinking, depression

20
Q

the enactment of the Community Mental Health Center Act.
DEINSTITUTIONALIZATION
A deliberate shift from institutional care in state hospitals to community facilities began (community treatment centers & community living arrangements)

A

Benchmark IV:
PERIOD OF COMMUNITY MENTAL HEALTH ( 1960s)

21
Q

A deliberate shift from institutional care in state hospitals to community facilities began (community treatment centers & community living arrangements)

A

DEINSTITUTIONALIZATION

22
Q

Increase in brain research (funding)
Significant change in public awareness
Nursing more educated

A

Benchmark V: Decade of the Brain 1990s

23
Q

Due to revolving door effect.
A. Community based care
> Cost Containment Managed Care
B. Managed Care
> people receive care based on need rather
than on request
C. Case Management

A

MENTAL ILNESS IN THE 21ST CENTURY

24
Q

The first american Psychiatric Nurse

A

LINDA RICHARDS

25
Q

1ˢᵗ Psychiatric Nursing Textbook (1920)

A

Harriet Bailey “Nursing Mental Disease”

26
Q

1ˢᵗ Psychiatric Nursing Theorist

A

Hildegard Peplau “Interpersonal Relations in Nursing” (1952), Interpersonal Techniques : The Crux of Psychiatric Nursing ( 1962); NPI

27
Q

“Nursing Therapy” 1968
focusing on clients psychosocial needs and strengths

A

June Mellow

28
Q

FIRST TRAINING Hospital for nurses in 1882
Insulin Shock Therapy( 1935)
Psychotherapy ( 1936)
ECT ( 1937)

A

Mc LEAN HOSPITAL, Belmont Massachussetts

29
Q

First school of Nursing to include psychiatric Nursing in its curriculum

A

John Hopkins (1913)

30
Q

-Material and spiritual
- Tx: rituals, ceremonies; “babaylan (shaman). Sorcerer

A

Pre-Spanish

31
Q
  • Act of sorcery “mangkukulam”, “manggagaway”
    • Tx: Herbolarios
A

Spanish

32
Q

Hospicio de san Jose

A

Early 19ᵗʰ Century

33
Q

Civil Hospital
San Lazaro Hospital (Dr. Elias Domingo)

A

American Era (1900s)

34
Q

Japanese Occupation (1941)

A

electroshock

35
Q

first known as INSULAR PSYCHOPATHIC HOSPITAL, situated on a hilly piece of land in Barrio Mauway, Mandaluyong, Rizal and was formally opened on December 17, 1928

later known as the NATIONAL MENTAL HOSPITAL. 1946. On November 12, 1986 - NATIONAL CENTER FOR MENTAL HEALTH thru Memorandum Circular No. 48 of the Office of the President. On January 30, 1987, NCMH was categorized as a Special Research Training Center and hospital under Department of Health.

A

The National Center for Mental Health (NCMH) Public Works Act 3258

36
Q

psychiatrist at the National Center for Mental Health in Mandaluyong City, said one of the most common brain diseases among Filipinos is schizophrenia, which afflicts one percent of the total population.

A

Dr. Noel Reyes

37
Q

president of the Philippine Psychiatrists’ Association, said some of the factors that trigger the disease include stress factors like traffic, loss of loved ones, disasters and even bombings.

Among overseas Filipino workers, she said said seamen were found to be the most vulnerable to mental disorders because they tend to rely on alcohol or drugs to ease their homesickness.

A

Dr. Lourdes Ignacio

38
Q

Drug addicts or substance abusers have dual diagnosis

A

substance addiction or substance dependence, and psychiatric disorder whether it’s depression, anxiety

39
Q

Factors Influencing Mental Health

A

INDIVIDUAL OR PERSONAL
Interpersonal
Sociocultural

Psychia (3 decks)

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