Midterm Flashcards
Hazard
A phenomenon, substance, human activity or condition thatmay cause loss of life, injury or other health impacts, propertydamage, loss of livelihoods and services, social and economicdisruption, or environmental damage
Hazard Triggers
ecological, accident, malfunction, planned outage, intentional attack, negligence
Sub-Categories of Hazards
agricultural/food emergency, environmental, extraterrestrial, hazardous materials, health, public safety, structural, supply/distribution, transportation
Disaster
A serious disruption to an affected area, involving widespread human, property, environmental and / or economic impacts, that exceed the ability of one or more affected communities to cope using their own resources
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Types of Disaster
Human-caused and caused by natural forces
Natural Disaster
An act of nature of such magnitude as to create a catastrophic situation in which the day-to-day patterns of life are suddenly disrupted and people are plunged into helplessness and suffering, and, as a result, need food, clothing, shelter, medical and nursing care and other necessities of life, and protection against unfavourable environmental factors and conditions
How can natural hazards turn into natural disasters?
Rapid onset or progressive onset
Emergency
A situation or an impending situation that constitutes a danger of major proportions that could result in serious harm to persons or substantial damage to property and that is caused by the forces of nature, a disease or other health risk, an accident or an act whether intentional or otherwise (Emergency Management and Civil Protection Act)
Who has the authority to declare an emergency?
Only the head of council of a municipality (or their designate) andthe Lieutenant Governor in Council or the Premier
Associated Property
Items found on the remains, worn by the deceased, or found within other associated items
Methods of identifying victims
Open Mass Fatality Event
The identity and the number ofthe missing and presumed deadis primarily unknown becausethere is no list or manifest
What can we get from post-mortem data?
Fingerprints, odontology, DNA profiling, physical indications
Closed Mass Fatality Event
The identities of allthe deceased are known, andthe identification processinvolves matching the identitywith the body
What does CBRNE stand for?
Chemical Biological Radiological Nuclear Explosives
What is a CBRNE Event?
Any incident or event involving hazardous materials which pose a threat to human safety
What do firefighters do at a CBRNE event?
Fire suppression, hazard identification, hazard mitigation, oxygen/PPE, decontamination, team rescue, chemical reagent detecters
What does the Explosives Disposal Unit do at a CBRNE event?
Identification and mitigation of hazards related to explosives, the bomb guys, suspicious package examination in the field
What does forensic identification do at a CBRNE event?
Scene documentation, collection of evidence and samples for lab analysis, fingerprints, specialized equipment
What does CFS do at a CBRNE event?
Scientists, chemical and biological analysis, identification of samples
What does Public Health Ontario do at a CBRNE event?
Analysis and identification of biological threats, a scientific partner
What does Health Canada do at a CBRNE event?
Science, federal lab, illegal drug material, certificate of analysis for court, technical assistance in field
What does Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission do at a CBRNE event?
Training in detection and mitigation of nuclear and radiological material, technical assistance in field
What does the Canadian Armed Forces do at a CBRNE event?
Strong military CBRNE capabilities, Defence Research and Development Canada
What is the first step at a CBRNE event?
Assess danger and contain it, establish hot zone based on level and extent of danger, keep it in one spot
Who is involved in the RECCE team at a CBRNE event?
Medic, bomb tech, firefighter with detection equipment, forensics guy
When is forensics done at a CBRNE event?
Once everything is safe, then proceed as normal, may need additional PPE
How do forensic identification officers avoid contamination at a CBRNE event?
Additional PPE, work in teams with a clean and dirty person, disposable cameras/airdrop, presumptive testing, single-use fingerprint brushes, kill bucket for decontamination
What kins of additional PPE is used at a CBRNE event?
Cotton gloves to absorb sweat, nitrile gloves, CBRNE gloves, more nitrile gloves, more nitrile gloves, B suit, mask, A suit
A Suit
Ugly green one with face shield, 2nd level of protection
B Suit
Tyvek-type suit with hood, 1st level of protection
Basic Sampling Protocol at a CBRNE Event
Dirty person places sample in primary container, clean person holds secondary container and dirty person drops it in without contact, clean person puts secondary container into tertiary container
Steps Before a Disaster
Disaster risk reduction - hazard identification and risk analysis, preparedness, mitigation
Steps During a Disaster
Processes and practices - the response as part of the investigative side of the disaster
Steps After a Disaster
Recovery process - DVI, community
Technological Hazards
Include accidents at hazardous installations and accidents while hazardous substances are in transport
Terrorism
Technologies involving nuclear, biological, and chemical agents used to develop weapons of mass destruction and is a deliberate event
