MIDTERM Flashcards
what lipoprotein is high in coronary disease
LDL
risk factors for coronary disease
- having hypertension, diabetes, high cholesterol, obesity and sedentary lifestyle
- African American, male, XS alcohol, stress, smoking and family history
- high C protein levels
high homocysteine levels
what is arteriosclerosis
stiffening or hardening of artery walls
what is atherosclerosis
narrowing of artery because of plaque build up
function of coronary arteries
supply blood to myocardium and deliver blood nutrients
treatment for atherosclerosis are
- angioplasty
- coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG)
- carotid endarterectomy
what is anigoplasty
small mesh tube placed in artery to keep open
what is coronary artery bypass grafting
healthy blood vessel used to bypass blocked artery
what is carotid endarterectomy
surgery to remove plaque buildup from carotid arteries in neck
myocardial infarction is the
destruction or death of myocardial cells due to insufficiency of oxygen
what medical treatments (drugs) are given for coronary disease
- cholesterol lowering drugs
- aspirin (blood thinner to reduce blood clots)
- beta blockers (lower heart rate and bp)
-nitroglycerin (control chest pain)
-ACE inhibitors (lower bp) - digitalis (increase strength of heart)
what is angia
chest pain due to ischemia or reduced blood supply to heart
what is considered hypertension
systolic above 120-129
diastolic less than 80
what are the risk factors for hypertension
- ethnicity (African american)
- increased age >35
- family history
- obesity
- smoking
- XS alcohol
what are the different types of hypertension
prehypertension, stage 1 and stage 2
what is considered prehypertension
SBP >120 and <139
DBP >80 and <89
what is considered stage 1 hypertension
SBP 140-159
DBP 90-99
what is considered stage 2 hypertension
SBP >160
DBP >100
what are the complications of prolonged hypertension
vessel trauma and arteriosclerosis
- damage to heart, kidneys, NS, and eyes
- damage to blood vessels
what is the effect of salt in the diet
it can raise blood pressure
what is the function of the liver
- blood processing factory
- nutrient storage
- remove toxins
- remove damaged RBC
- regulate nutrient in blood
- secrete bile
- metabolism of everything