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Aincient western civ > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

Nomads

A

People who travel/have no home

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2
Q

Polytheism

A

Shang religion

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3
Q

Fertile Crescent

A

Land between the two rivers (Mesopotamia)

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4
Q

Ziggurat

A

A stepped pyramid where Mesopotamians worshiped

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5
Q

Cultural diffusion

A

Spreading out, merging different cultures

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6
Q

Mandate of heaven

A

Court of elders in heaven

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7
Q

karma

A

A bad force created by a persons action

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8
Q

How to quote

A

Author of source, says, “ “ ( ).

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9
Q

Clines

A

A difference between members of the same species created due to differences in where they live

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10
Q

Archaeologists

A

A person who studies the past using physical evidence

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11
Q

Fossil

A

A record of an ancient animal

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12
Q

Artifact

A

An ancient man made object

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13
Q

Monotheism

A

A religion w/ only 1 god

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14
Q

Polytheism

A

A religion w/ more than 1 god

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15
Q

Hominids

A

A genus of humans and their bipedal ancestors

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16
Q

Barter Economy

A

An economic system where people directly exchange goods and services for other goods and services

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17
Q

Hammurabi

A

An ancient Mesopotamian king, known for creating the first set of laws

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18
Q

Bipedal

A

Having and moving by two legs

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19
Q

Cuneiform

A

The ancient language of the Mesopotamians

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20
Q

City state

A

An independent city which, with its surrounding land, forms a center of culture, economy, etc.

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21
Q

Pictographs

A

Pictures of something- used as a form of writing that stands for an idea

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22
Q

Scribe

A

A person whose job was to write

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23
Q

Hierarchy

A

When one group of people leads all the other people

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24
Q

Annunaki

A

The Mesopotamian pantheon (group of gods)

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25
Q

Civilization

A

A complex culture that has a surplus of food, organized government and cities, complex religions, division of labor, system of writing, social classes, arts/architecture, and public works.

26
Q

Phonetic alphabet

A

An alphabet, inspired by the Phonecians, where certain letters make certain sounds

27
Q

Market (Money) Economy

A

An economic system where people exchange money for goods and services

28
Q

Cultural diffusion

A

A process through which cultures become more similar due to interaction

29
Q

Patriarchal

A

Led by men

30
Q

Animism

A

Idea that spirits inhabit everything

31
Q

Caste System

A

A system in India in which people are sorted into “castes” and are given rights based on their caste

32
Q

Buddha

A

The creator of Buddhism who supposedly reached Nirvana on earth

33
Q

Karma

A

The belief that what you put into the world will come back to you

34
Q

Dharma

A

The eternal and inherent nature of reality, regarded in Hinduism as a cosmic law underlying right behavior and social order.

35
Q

Ganga

A

The personification of the river Ganges, who is worshiped by Hindus as the goddess of purification and forgiveness.

36
Q

Belt & Road Initiative

A

An initiative created by the Chinese government where China provides goods and services for cheap in exchange for making them reliant on China. This initiative is inspired by the ancient silk road.

37
Q

Quotas

A

A system in which institutions are forced to allow a certain amount of a certain group of people. This is implemented in India, where certain castes are forced to be allowed into institutions

38
Q

How do religions reflect the specific civilization they are found in?

A

Beliefs are stemmed from creation story.Also,
Geography

39
Q

How are they similar? (Check out the creation stories we discussed)

A

1) Gods
2) World starts by someone waking up
3) Sometimes has something to do with water

40
Q

Hammurabi

A

Special code made by Hammurabi himself.The code was used for Babylon

41
Q

Solomon

A

King in Mesopotamia and Israel, paid for large temple using taxes

42
Q

Moses

A

Iconic figure in Israel, brought Israelites out of Egypt

43
Q

Qin Shi Huang Di

A

Built the great wall, was emperor of China in 221 BCE

44
Q

Taizong

A

Had a lot of concubines. Liked one concubine, Han code

45
Q

Mesopotamia Invasions

A

Very accessible to outsiders, susceptible to invasion; now coveted for oil

46
Q

Mesopotamia Agriculture

A

Rivers are very important, provide farm land/sustenance

47
Q

Phonecia and Lydia trades

A

Traded by sea all the way to England (Phoenicia is the Holy Land)

48
Q

Phonecia and Lydia Natural resources available

A

Tyre seashells, lumber, gold; traded for other resources

49
Q

Hebrews had what resources avalible

A

Bought lumber from Phoenicians

50
Q

Hebrews Location and relationship with other civilizations

A

Israel–bad relationship with other civs

51
Q

China Isolationg topography

A

Mountains, deserts, and ocean

52
Q

China rivers

A

Provide water and possibilities for agriculture, China’s Sorry because of unpredictable flooding

53
Q

India Isoltaing topography

A

Mountains, rivers, Indian Ocean

54
Q

India the ganges

A

A river used for religious practices, holiest river to India, SE through a fertile land, Jal Provah (floating bodies when can’t afford)

55
Q

The effects of the Agricultural Revolution on civilizations

A

The Agricultural Revolution caused a surplus of food, transitioned from nomads to having settlements, and domesticated the first animal which was a dog

56
Q

Characteristics of ALL Civilizations

A

Surplus of food, organized government and cities, division of labor, specialization in fields of work apart from agriculture, system of writing, recordings of history, social classes, art and architecture, and public works.

57
Q

Bias

A

For a particular perspective. Changes based on perspective, memory, availability of sources, and cultural differences.

58
Q

Effects & Examples of Cultural Diffusion

A

Standardized Currency started by Qin Shi Huang Di with bronze coins that have a hole in the middle

59
Q

Laws and ancient civilizations

A

An example of early laws are The Ten Commandments. The Ten Commandments were based in religion and introduced laws such as “Thou shalt not kill”, ”Thou shalt not convert”, and “Honor thy father and mother”
Hammurabi’s Code-

60
Q

How to quote

A

Author of source, says, “ “ ( ).

Aincient western civ (5 decks)

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