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Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

What does Rx mean?

A

Stands for prescription

to take/recipe

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2
Q

What is a prescription?

A

A written, verbal, or electronically transmitted order issued by a practitioner for a drug or device to be dispensed for a patient by a pharmacist

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3
Q

What are the requirements for a written prescription?

A

Must be in ink, indelible pencil or typed

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4
Q

What must be on the label of a prescription prior to being dispensed or delivered?

A

Rx only

Caution: Federal law restricts this drug to use by or on the order of a licensed veterinarian

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5
Q

What is a prescription drug?

A

A pharmaceutical drug that legally requires a medical prescription to be dispensed

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6
Q

TF: Over the counter drugs do not require Rx

A

True

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7
Q

What is the difference between the brand name drug and the generic name drug?

A

Brand name- trade name or proprietary - holds a patent

Generic drug - non-proprietary (drug marketed chemical name without advertising)

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8
Q

What is a new prescription?

A

Original Rx written for the 1st time (may contain refills)

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9
Q

What is a refill prescription?

A

Second or subsequent set of doses upon doctor’s orders

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10
Q

What are the different types of prescriptions?

A 
Written
Verbal (except CII)
Transfer (not controlled)
Electronic (not CIIs)
Fax
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11
Q

TF: Clinical pharmacists under collaborative practice can prescribe prescriptions

A

True

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12
Q

How do you verify a DEA number?

A

Add the 1st, 3rd, 5th digit
Add the 2nd, 4th, 6th digit and double it
Add the two totals together
The second digit is the last digit in DEA

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13
Q

What is the first letter of the DEA?

A

The type of registrant

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14
Q

What is the second letter of the DEA?

A

First letter of the provider’s last name

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15
Q

What is required on a prescription from the prescriber?

A

Prescriber name, address, DEA or NPI, Signature, phone number

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16
Q

What is needed for patient information on the prescription?

A

Name
Address (for controls, fax and electronic)
Date of birth for fax or electronic

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17
Q

What other things are required on a prescription?

A

Issue date
Name, strength, dosage form, quantity of drug
Instructions for use
Refills if any

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18
Q

How long is a non-controlled prescription valid for?

A

1 year

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19
Q

How long is a controlled drug (CIII-CV) valid for refills?

A

6 months

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20
Q

How long are refills valid for CII drugs?

A

None/ cannot have refills

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21
Q

When can the generic drug be administered for a prescription?

A

When “generic substitution permitted” is checked off

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22
Q

What needs to be labeled for Federal law on prescriptions?

A 
Name and address of dispenser
Serial or prescription number
Date of filling
Prescriber's name 
Patient's name
Directions for use 
Cautionary statement
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23
Q

What must be on the pharmacy label for MS?

A 
Pharmacy name and address
Prescription number
Prescriber name
Directions
Refill/Fill date
Pharmacist identifier
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24
Q

What is not required for prescriptions?

A

Auxiliary labels

Physical description of drug

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25
How is inspection done for physical exams?
By looking at the patient or the area of body that is being examined
26
How is palpation done?
By touching the part of the body that is being examined
27
How is percussion done?
By tapping your finger over a part of the body to determine if a compartment is filled with air, fluid, or solid material
28
How is auscultation done?
By listening to a part of the body through a stethoscope to determine if normal or abnormal sounds are present
29
How would you look at a patients appearance for a general assesment?
By looking at their hygiene, attire, skin color, presence of sores, signs of redness
30
What would you look for in a patient to observe their behavior?
Their facial expressions, level of consciousness, orientation, speech and demeanor
31
How would you observe a patients mobility?
Their posture, range of motion, gait and use of mobility aids
32
How would you measure a patient's height?
Measure from heel to top of head in inches or cm
33
What is actual weight?
The measure of weight in kg or lb
34
How would you calculate ideal weight for males?
IBW=50+(2.3x (height in inches-60))
35
How would you measure ideal body weight for a female?
IBW=45.5 +(2.3 x(height in inches-60))
36
How would you measure adjusted body weight?
Ideal body weight in kg + (0.4 x (actual-ideal)
37
What is BMI?
Body mass index | Measure of how much fat in body
38
What is the units for BMI?
kg/m^2
39
How do you calculate BMI?
BMI=703 x (weight in pounds/ (height in inches)^2)
40
If a person has a BMI of less than 18.5, what would they be classified as?
Underweight
41
What is the normal BMI range?
18.5-24.9
42
What class of obesity does a person who has a BMI of 36 fall into?
Class II Obesity
43
What are vital signs?
``` Temperature Respiratory rate Pulse Blood pressure Blood oxygen saturation ```
44
What can vital signs do?
Identify the existence of an acute medical problem
45
What do vital signs measure?
The magnitude of an illness and how well the body is coping with the resultant physiologic stress
46
Where can you take body temperature?
``` Rectal Tympanic Temporal Oral Axillary ```
47
If a person has a temperature of 99.0 F in the armpit, do they have a fever?
No the normal range in the armpit is 94.9-99.6F
48
What is pulse?
The heart rate | Beats per minute
49
What is the range for a normal heart rate?
60-100 BPM
50
What is respiratory rate?
12-20 BPM | Breaths per minute
51
What does oxygen saturation signify?
The percent of blood oxygen content and oxygen delivery
52
What is the normal range for oxygen saturation?
95-100%
53
What is the normal blood pressure?
Less than 120/80 mmHg
54
What vital sign usually offers no relevant information for the routine exam?
Respiratory rate
55
Where can you take pulse?
Any place where there is a large artery
56
What is the review of systems?
Inventory of body systems obtained by asking a series of questions to identify signs or symptoms the patient may be experiencing or has experienced
57
What is required for payments?
Review of Systems
58
What are the three types of ROS?
Problem pertinent Extended Complete
59
What does problem perinent ros ask about?
Asks about the system directly related to the problem identified by the history of physical illness
60
What does extended ros ask about?
About the system directly related to the problem identified in the HPI and a limited number of additional systems
61
What does complete ROS ask about?
The systems directly related to the problems identified in the HPI plus all additional organ systems
62
What is blood pressure?
The pressure exerted against the arterial wall
63
What is blood pressure measured in?
mmHg
64
What is the systolic?
Peak value | Pressure during cardiac contraction
65
What is diastolic?
Nadir value | Pressure during filling of the chambers
66
What is considered a high blood pressure stage 1?
130-139
67
What is considered hypertensive crisis?
Higher than 180
68
What is a normal blood pressure?
Less than 120 for systolic and less than 80 for diastolic
69
What are the different types of arterial hypertension?
``` Essential hypertension Secondary hypertension Resistant hypertension Masked hypertension White coat hypertension ```
70
What do you need for manual blood pressure checking?
Stethoscope | Sphyngmomanometer
71
When should a patient come back for a follow up if the blood pressure was normal?
2 years
72
When should a patient come back if the blood pressure is elevated
1 year
73
What should you tell the patient if they have stage 1 hypertension?
Confirm with a second reading within 2 months
74
What should you tell the patient if they have stage 2 hypertension?
TO evaluate again within 1 month | If BP is above 160/110 to check back in a week
75
What should you tell the patient if they have hypertensive crisis?
Seek medical attention immediately
76
What does a polysaccharide vaccine do?
Stimulate T-cell independent immunity Stimulate B cells without assistance of helper T cell Short lived immunity No booster effect Not consistently immunogenic in children younger than 2
77
Do polysaccharide vaccines have a booster effect?
No
78
Do polysaccharide vaccines have short or long term immunity?
short term immunity
79
Which vaccine stimulates T cell independent immunity?
Polysaccharide vaccine
80
What vaccine stimulates T cell dependent immunity and involves helper T cells?
Conjugate polysaccharide vaccine
81
What vaccine produces immunologic memory and results in a booster effect when exposed later?
Conjugate polysaccharide vaccin
82
How many days early can a patient receive a live vaccine?
4 days early (need 30 days usually in between but can come from 26-30 days later)
83
When should a patient get a Tdap vaccine when they are pregnant?
Until she is 20 weeks pregnant but usually 27-36 weeks pregnant
84
If a patient has HIV, should they get a vaccine?
Yes
85
A patient had a severe allergic reaction to the same vaccine before, should they be given the vaccine?
No
86
How many varicella doses should a child get to go to school?
2 doses (do not need to start over dosing if they miss the second dose just continue and get the second one?
87
What vaccines should an immunocompromised patient not recieve?
Live attenuated
88
What opportunities are their for pharmacists to provide drug information?
``` Direct patient care Managed care organizations Insurance industry Scientific writing and medical community Pharmaceutical industry ```
89
What 3 skills do you need to provide accurate drug information?
Investigation (ask questions) Evaluation (think critically) Communication (speak with confidence and compassion)
90
What are the 3 C's of successful communication?
Character (trust) Chemistry (compassion/ communication) Competence (respond with confidence )
91
What are tertiary resources?
They are filtered and summarized by the author Easy to use and access Lexicomp, Medscape, Textbooks, Review articles
92
What are secondary resources?
Indexes and abstracts Databases Pubmed, GoogleScholar, AccessPharmacy
93
What resource literature is the most up to date and recent?
Primary resources | Medical journals
94
What drug information resources requires skillful discernment and is accessed by professionals?
Primary (trials, study, cases)
95
What drug information resource is a search engine and requires proper searching skills?
Secondary (pubmed)
96
What drug information resource is the most commonly used and easily accessible?
Tertiary (textbooks, review articles, package inserts)

IPC (2 decks)

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