Final Flashcards
What kind of immunity is inflammation, pH, and protein secretions?
Innate Immunity
What type of immunity uses macrophages?
Innate immunity
What do macrophages do?
Recognize antigens, engulf them, break them down, deliver them to helper T cells for cytokine release
What kind of cells attach to antigens and release cytokines to generate a B cell response?
Helper T cells
What kind of cells attach to antigens and destroy them
Cytotoxic T cells
What type of immunity uses immune system cells circulating from previous exposure?
Adaptive immunity
What type of cells mature to antibody producing cells and memory cells?
B cells (humoral immunity)
What type of vaccine must replicate to work?
Live attenuated
What type of vaccines do not replicate and may contain adjuvants to enhance the immune response?
Inactivated vaccines
What type of immunity do polysaccharide vaccines stimulate?
T-cell independent immunity
Short lived and have no booster effect
What type of immunity do conjugate polysaccharide vaccines stimulate?
T cell dependent immunity where helper t cells are involved to produce a memory
What are adjuvants?
Ingredients added to vaccine that help create a stronger immune response to antigen
What is the minimum interval between two live vaccines?
28 days
What happens if the interval between vaccine doses in a series is decreased?
Decreasing the interval between doses may interfere with antibody response and protection
What is the universal contraindication for all vaccines?
Severe allergy to a vaccine component following a previous dose
Can you give multiple vaccines in one day?
Data shows this does not cause any adverse effects but delaying doses will increase risk of infection and outbreajs
When should a Tdap be given in pregnancy?
After 20 weeks gestation
What type of vaccines pose an increased risk for an adverse effect due to uninhibited replication for altered immunocompetence?
Live vaccines
What is the concern for those who are immunocompromised that receive inactivated vaccines?
Decreased effectiveness
What is a grace period?
Minimum interval on catch up schedule most is 28 days
What is the ACIP grace period?
4 days
Same antigen live vaccines
What influenza vaccine is given to those above 65 years of age?
aIIV4 and IIV4-HD
How many doses of the flu vaccine do children 6 months to 8 years of age recieve
2
one as soon as possible and the second before october ends and more than 4 weeks after the first
Who should receive the PPSV23?
Those over 65
19-64 who smoke, have asthma, diabetes
2 years and older with chronic illness