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midterm Flashcards

1
Q

Founder of Judaism

A

Abraham

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2
Q

Origin of Judaism

A

God commanded Abraham to leave to practice his religion, covenant Israel began with Judaism

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3
Q

Nature of God in Judaism

A

Milieu - Polytheistic
Polytheism
Monotheism
Monolatry

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4
Q

Heaven in Judaism

A

Similar to Christian construct of Heavenly reward

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5
Q

Messiah in Judaism

A

don’t all agree -

messiah, political leader, metaphor/symbol, founding of the state of israel

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6
Q

Rites of Passage in Judaism

A

Circumcision - all males on 8th day, receive name
Connects you to abrahamic covenant
Bar Mitzvah - men at age 13
Bat Mitzvah - women at age 12

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7
Q

Holidays in Judaism (1)

A

Rosh Hashanah - new years and repentance
Yon Kippur - atonement
Sukkot - instability of things
Simchat Torah - love for scriptures
Hanukkah - dedication, festival of lights

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8
Q

Holidays in Judaism (2)

A

Tu Bishvat - new years for the trees
Purim - based on ester
Passover/Pesakh - Jewish vs Christian
Omer - 50 days, fills gap between passover to pentecost
Shavout - Pentecost - King Davids birthday, moses got the law
Bein Na - Metzarim - deep clean home, messiah will come during this time

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9
Q

Marriage in Judaism

A

under Chuppah
Reception can last 7 days long
Symbolizes new joy

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10
Q

Death in Judaism

A 
Sit Shiva (Shiva Hebrew number for 7)
Wear black 
Daily prayers
No makeup, jewelry, bath
Entire week of mourning
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11
Q

Buildings in Judaism

A

synagogue and temple are not the same

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12
Q

Denominations in Judaism

A

Haredi - most observant
Modern Orthodox - less anti modern world
Conservative - middle row Jews
Reform - largest group
Reconstructionist - for heritage not religion
Assimilated - Jew nationality, no spiritual connection

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13
Q

Symbols in Judaism

A

Persecution - evidence of being the chosen
Menorah - symbol of the state of israel
Star of David - not official symbol of the state of Israel

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14
Q

Scriptures in Judaism

A

Tanakh - The Law, Torah most important
Mishnah - oral law received by Moses
Gemara - analysis and commentary on Mishnah
Talmud Gemara and Mishnah
Midrash - commentary on any portion of Tanakh - hebrew bible

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15
Q

Role of Scriptures in Judaism

A

some read daily, some Liturgy, more important to practice

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16
Q

Authority in Judaism

A

Moses was the only Prophet because he gave law
Other people are lower case p prophets
Rabbis are lower case p prophets

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17
Q

Dietary restrictions in Judaism

A

fish if has skin and shells
No milk and meat together
Every meal reminds you of who you’re supposed to be
Only eat animals break down and become part of you
Fish - self control - schools of fish
Shell fish in bottom by themselves

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18
Q

Role of Women in Judaism

A

can be rabbi
Marriage is a commandment
Having kids is commandment

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19
Q

Bar Mitzvah

A

son of the commandment, Boys attainment of adulthood at age 13

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20
Q

bat mitzvah

A

daughter of the commandment. ritual for 12 year old girls of conservative and reformed jewish traditions

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21
Q

Get

A

religious divorce obtainable only at the request of the husband

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22
Q

Founder of Hinduism

A

none

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23
Q

Origin of Hinduism

A

Aryans conquer Dracidians - mesh the two together

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24
Q

Nature of God in Hinduism

A 
claim thousands of Gods 
Big 3 
Brahma - creator of the world 
Vishnu - creator of universe - most popular 
Shiva - creator and destroyer
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25
Purpose of life in Hinduism
Overcome Maya or Illusion Obtain release - cycle of rebirths 3 ways to get off wheel: good works, knowledge, devotion
26
Nature of Worship Services in Hinduism
``` Puja No sabbath Chanting Prasad - food Offering ```
27
Rite of Passage in Hinduism
caste system
28
Holidays in Hinduism
``` July - August - Krishna Birthday August - Sep - Elephant- headed god September - Oct - Rama’s victory Oct- Nov - Festival of Lights Jan- Feb - Shiva Festival Feb - Mar - Spring Festival - cycle of life ```
29
Marriage in Hinduism
arranged, don’t marry outside caste, love marriage not common
30
Death in Hinduism
cremation - don’t have a soul, body is nothing | Reincarnation - moving down easy, moving up heard
31
Sacred Buildings in Hinduism
public temples dedicated to specific deity
32
Denominations in Hinduism
``` 6 schools of Indian philosophy Nyaya - logical school Vaisheshika - physical reality Samkhya - evolution of all things Yoga - personal, physical, spiritual development Purva Mimamsa - focus on the vedas Vedanta - focus on the upanishads ```
33
Unique symbols in Hinduism
none
34
Hindu Scripture
many holy books Shruti - canonical writings - heard or revealed Smriti - popular writings - not as authoritative, more influential
35
Authority in Hinduism
none, no records kept
36
Dietary restrictions of Hindu
vegetarian is common- priests required No beef No slaying peacock Animals symbolic of God
37
role of women in Hinduism
Limit educational opportunities, Man only half man without wife
38
special clothing in Hinduism
none - possessions risk driving you away from God
39
Founder of Zoroastrianism
Zarathustra
40
Origin of Zoroastrianism
1000 BCE sprouted from Aryan
41
Nature of God in Zoroastrianism
Monotheists
42
Purpose of life in Zoroastrianism
Good thoughts, good words, good deeds Use agency to choose good over evil Redeemer would be an offspring by virgin mother
43
Nature of Worship Services in Zoroastrianism
No sabbath | Worship at home
44
Rites of Passage in Zoroastrianism
none
45
Holidays in Zoroastrianism
7 major holidays - gatherings
46
Marriage in Zoroastrianism
commandment if biologically able Have to have kids if able Bound together
47
Death in Zoroastrianism
spirit stays around body for 3 days and 3 nights Peace during this time if you had good thoughts, words, deeds Spirit guided across, narrows if you were evil, wide if righteous Your hell how you treat others
48
Sacred buildings in Zoroastrianism
fire temples Wash face and hands before entering Remove shoes and cover head Pump with frankincense
49
Denominations in Zoroastrianism
survived 3000 years without fracturing into multiple denominations
50
symbols unique to Zoroastrianism
fire - treat fire with respect, don’t worship Faravahar - ring symbolizes truths are eternal 3 layers of wings, good thoughts, words, deeds Prayer - symbolic washing, 5 times a day, untie and retie Kusti
51
Scriptures in Zoroastrianism
- yasna - hymns for worship Visparad - hymns for praise and sacrifice Yashts - sacrificial hymns Vendidad - laws against demons and ritual impurity
52
Authority in Zoroastrianism
priest Keep fire lit Always dress in white
53
Dietary restrictions in Zoroastrianism
none
54
roles of women in Zoroastrianism
nurturer in the home | Can’t hold priesthood
55
Special clothing in Zoroastrianism
Navjote ceremony Sudreh - undershirt - shield of protection Bag of righteousness - good thoughts, words, deeds Kusti - belt - suppress lower thoughts, nurture higher Wrap 3 times for thoughts, words, deeds
56
Founder of Taoism
Lao Tzu
57
Origin of Taoism
Lao Tzu disillusionment with social and political situation, 600 BCE - 100 BCE
58
Nature of God in Taoism
philosophical don’t believe in God, sometimes polytheists. Tao only overseer
59
Purpose of life in Taoism
Balance between yin and yang | Find balance in ourselves, find it in universe
60
Wu - Wei
``` Wu- wei - unattached action Don’t resist, confront, defy Embrace what God sends you Don't try to better or change others Better yourself Don't exhibit excessive ambition, desire, or pride Be in harmony with the universe ```
61
Rites of Passage in Taoism
Priests perform rites of passage
62
Holiday, Marriage, Death, Sacred Building in Taoism
did not cover
63
Denominations in Taoism
philosophical and religious Yin and Yang Religious - yang Philosophical - Yin
64
Symbols unique to Taoism
yin and yang Everything contains opposite within Water - humility, power
65
Scripture in Taoism
Tao Te Ching - main scripture | Chuang Tzu - second most popular
66
Dream career for Taoism
Farmer
67
Authority in Taoism
priests and monks
68
Dietary Restrictions in Taoism
dietary school, no wine and meat- Gods inside you don’t like
69
Role of Women in Taoism
women submission to man - seen as equal but traditional values block from being treated as equal
70
special clothing in Taoism
none
71
Founder of Jainism
Vardhaman Mahavira
72
Origin of Jainism
left family for quest of enlightenment | Gets rid of all attachment
73
Nature of God in Jainism
reject any belief in a supreme god or deity
74
Soteriology of Jainism
renounce materialistic attachment - can break self off the wheel Ahimsa - never kill if possible
75
Heaven in Jainism
Nirvana - not same as Hindu Nirvana | Right knowledge, right faith, right conduct
76
5 principles or vows of Monasticism
Ahimsa - protect All life Satya - speak truth - avoid harming anyone else Asteya - avoid theft, greed, exploitation Detachment from material things Brahmacharya - chastity
77
Nature of Worship services in Jainism
Temples of meditation - no worship | Don’t have a god to worship
78
rites of passage in Jainism
none
79
Holidays in Jainism
Paryushana
80
Marriage in Jainism
married under canopy like the Jews
81
Death in Jainism
Transmigration - same person going from body to body | Individuality is retained
82
How to get off the wheel in Jainism
Celestial Being, Human, Animal, Plant, Protoplasmic life
83
Sacred Buildings in Jainism
temples of meditation - no god to worship
84
Denominations in Jainism
split during 4th or 3rd century BCE Digambaras - sky clad Svetambaras - white robed
85
Unique symbols to Jainism
seemingly sexual symbols outside temple Orange streak on forehead - committed to obeying rules of Jainism Cows - provides work - everything interconnected Elongated earlobes - wisdom, supernatural status
86
Scripture in Jainism
no official cannon Agama - tradition Siddhanta - doctrine Source - revelation
87
Authority in Jainism
24 divine teachers
88
dietary restrictions in Jainism
vegetarians
89
roles of women in Jainism
Digambara- must eventually become a man to get off the wheel Svetambara - women can obtain release Negative attitude toward women because they are attachment
90
Special clothing in Jainism
Svetambara - white robe

World Religions (2 decks)

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