Midterm Flashcards
Period of Church in which the Church is starting to spread throughout the early world
33-100
St. Stephen
the first martyr
St. Peter the Apostle
the first pope
St. Paul the Apostle
Great Missionary of the Early Church who used to persecute Christians
Pentecost
- when the Holy Spirit visited the Apostles
- birthday of the church
when did the Apostles spread the Gospel
at the beginning of Christianity
when did Martyrdoms and persecutions of Christians begin
the beginning of Christianity
who called for the execution of Peter and Paul
nero
what did the Council of Jerusalem do
allowed for Christians to not have to follow mosaic laws
Didache
The Teachings of the Twelve Apostles
Septuagint
Greek Translation of the Old Testament
Ecclesia
Latin for church
Ekklesia
Greek for church
Qahal
Hebrew for church
Pagan
A person who is not a Christian and believes in many gods. They are polytheistic
Features or Facets of the Church
Liturgy, Hierarchy, Doctrine
Roles/Offices of Christ
Priest, Prophet, King
Period in the Church in which she is defending truth against heresies and defining doctrine in various councils
100-500`
St. Monica of Hippo
Mother of Augustine of Hippo who prayed for his conversion
St. Augustine of Hippo
Wrote the “City of God,” “the Confessions,” and “City of Man”
St. Jerome
Translated the Bible from Hebrew to Latin
St. Benedict
founded the first monasteries
Council of Carthage
allowed people to come back to the faith after a period of penance
Edict of Milan
Edict that allowed Christians to freely follow God
Council of Nicaea
proclaimed that Jesus and God the Father are consubstantial - of one substance.
Council of Hippo and Carthage
Put together the 27 books of the New Testament
Council of Ephesus
proclaimed that Mary is the Theotokos, the Mother of God
Roman Emperor Constantine
issued the Edict of Milan declaring the freedom of religion
Separation of East and West of the Roman Empire
the Great Schism
_____ attack the West Roman Empire and it collapses
visigoths
Consubstantial
means of the same substance
Theotokos
Greek for Mother of God/ God-bearer
Hypostatic Union
Jesus is fully human and fully divine
Heresy
false teaching
Septuagint
Greek translation of the Old Testament
Vulgate
The Latin Translation of the Bible
Period of the Church whereby wars are growing rampant and several communities are living in seclusion so as to maintain the Christian lifestyle and culture alive
500-1000
St. Pope Gregory the Great
first monk to be Pope. He revitalized evangelization by encouraging the use of art and music
St. Augustine of Canterbury
Evangelized the English Anglo-Saxons
St. Boniface
Evangelized the Germanic-speaking people
What are the symbols of the Benidictine Monks
cross book plow
What was the Benedictine monks motto
ora et labora
Muslims, Vikings, Visigoths continue to attack the _____ empire
Roman
Muslim religion rises in the _____
East
Christianity flourishes in the East under Emperor _____
Justinian I
_____ kept Christianity alive in the West
Charlemagne
Who replaced the Western Roman Empire?
Holy Roman Empire
the first monasteries were founded by _____
St. Benedict
Moors
- North African Muslims
- attacked the Eastern Roman Empire
Evangelization
Sharing the good news to the world
Period of the Church whereby wars are still ongoing and it is getting harder and harder to evangelize the outside worlds. The Church faces the truth that even though she is guided by the Holy Spirit, the Church is made up of human beings who can make mistakes and are capable of sinning.
1000-1500
St. Francis of Assissi
Started the Franciscan order
St. Dominic de Guzman
founded the Dominican order
St. Catherine of Siena
Helped people who were sick with the bubonic plague in Siena
St. Thomas Aquinas
He wrote the summa theologica
Eastern Schism
the split between the east and the west sides of the church
Crusades
A military expedition for the recapture of Jerusalem
Inquisition
A court that fought against heresies and false teachings
Renaissance
Period of Rebirth of art and music
Bubonic/Black plague
Killed 1/3 of the population in Europe
Schism
a split or division
Plague
a deadly disease
Period of the Church wherein scandals and wrongful judgment was being made by the hierarchy and people like Martin Luther and King Henry VIII broke away from the Church
1500-1800
St. Ignatius of Loyola
- hit by a cannonball
- he founded the missionary order of the Society of Jesus (Jesuits).
St. Thomas More
He was a lawyer who spoke up against King Henry VIII of England. He ended up being martyred in defense of the Church’s true teaching during the Reformation
St. Teresa of Avila
reformed the Carmelite Order.
St. Peter Claver
He was a priest of the Society of Jesus (Jesuit) who resolved to spend his life serving those who were enslaved in Colombia and South America.
St. Juan Diego
a poor Mexican man who went to Mass every day walking over Tepeyac Hill and saw a vision of the Virgin Mary who asked him to tell the bishop to build a church on Tepeyac Hill.
St. Paul Miki
Japanese Martyr and Jesuit priest who was the son of a Japanese military leader and is of nobility; was crucified
Protestantism
Founded on protest and the ideas that the Bible is the only true source of authority and that an authority to interpret Scripture is not necessary.
Enlightenment
The 17th-century philosophical movement that gave way to many good ideas such as the scientific method and various political and governmental concepts, as well as many errors of thought, such as the conflict between faith and reason
Reformation
The 16th-century revolt against the Church and its bad practices during that time, begun by Martin Luther
Counter-Reformation
The Church’s effort to bring home separated Christians in the aftermath of the Reformation
Council of Trent
Clarified Church authority on the meaning of Scripture, the importance of Sacred Tradition, the power of the Church to grant indulgences, and salvation by God’s free gift of faith as well as our free response to it
Martin Luther
Separated from the Church because of bad practices that he saw within the institution
King Henry VIII
Separated from the Church and started the Anglican Church because he wanted to re-marry
Period of distinction between faith and reason leading to the dissolution of respecting human dignity and one’s personhood
1800-2000
St. Maximilian Kolbe
Polish priest who offered himself as a sacrifice to be killed at Auschwitz, a Nazi concentration-death camp, instead of a fellow prisoner who had a family.
St. John Paul II
First Polish Pope who is known for starting the World Youth Day and advocating for the “culture of life” He also helped end the Cold War peacefully
Why are the “-isms” not good?
Because they dont support the catholic social teachings
Blessed Pier Giorgio Frassati
He was an avid mountain climber who often climbed with friends. Patron saint of young adult ministry
San Jose Sanchez del Rio
14 year old martyr from the Mexican Cristero War when Catholics were persecuted in Mexico
Pope St. John XXIII
Pope that called for the Second Vatican Council. He revitalized and renewed evangelization
Blessed Chiara Luce Badano
Was diagnosed with bone cancer as a teenager. This person received all the pain with grace and offered it up for the salvation of souls
St. Mother Teresa of Calcutta
Albanian nun who encouraged people to “Find [their] own Calcutta” and to “Do small things with great love.” She founded the religious order called “Missionaries of Charity”
St. Faustina Kowalska
A Polish Roman Catholic nun. Her apparitions of Jesus Christ inspired her devotion to the Divine Mercy.
St. Therese of Lisieux
French Carmelite nun who is widely venerated as the “Little flower” or “Little way.” She is a Doctor of the Church.
St. Gianna Molla
An Italian Roman Catholic pediatrician. Although aware of the potential consequences, she refused both an abortion and a hysterectomy during her dangerous pregnancy with her fourth child, which caused her death.
St. Andrew Kim Taegoon
First native Korean priest. He was arrested, tortured, and beheaded for his faith.
Blessed Carlo Acutis
First millennial teenager to be beatified
Catholic Social Teaching
One of the clarifying teachings that came out of the Second Vatican Council. It teaches us practical and tangible ways “to love our neighbor as we love ourselves”
Communism
A political/economic ideology that tries to replace private property and a profit-based economy with public ownership and communal control
Bolsheviks
a communist political party in Russia
Joseph Stalin
Soviet political leader
The Second Vatican Council (Vatican II)
Called for a renewal of the Catholic Faith in the world today
Apparition
A miraculous appearance of Jesus, Mary, or the Saints
Our Lady of Fatima
an apparition of the Blessed Virgin Mary. She wanted to be consecrated to her Immaculate Heart in Russia, to bring about its conversion and to stop the spread of its errors, particularly Communism
What are the four marks of the Church?
One, Holy, Catholic, and Apostolic
What are the facets and features of the Church?
Higherarchy, liturgy, and doctrine
what do the facets and features of the Church stand for
higherarchy - leadership
liturgy - sacraments
doctrine - teachings
offices of the church
priest prophet king
what does indefectable mean
indestructable
Pentecost
when the Holy Spirit visited the Apostles; birthday of the church
The Church is made up of _____
the faithful of the world
The _____ came first before the building
people
Ascension
when Jesus commanded his disciples to go and make disciples of all
When did Jesus announce the Great Commission?
before his Ascension
What are the three categories of the 7 Sacraments?
initiation, healing, service
When does conformation originate from?
Pentecost
First Council of Constantinople
Affirmed that the Holy Spirit was the third person of the Trinity.
7 Gifts of the Holy Spirit
Wisdom Knowledge Counsel Piety Understanding Fortitude Fear of the Lord
12 Fruits of the Holy Spirit
charity generosity joy gentleness peace faithfulness patience modesty kindness self-control goodness chastity
Why is it important to choose your sponsor wisely?
they lead you on you spiritual journey
