Midterm 1 Part 2 Flashcards
Berry
o Fruit wall is completely fleshy at maturity.
o The seeds are embedded in the fleshy tissue
Pepo
o Like the berry, but the pepo is covered by a rind that is hard and thick. Below the rind, the the rest of the ovary wall is soft and fleshy. This is the fruit of Cucurbitaceae: cucumber, pumpkin, watermelon, etc.
Drupe
o Like the berry, but the inner part of the fruit wall becomes a hard and stony pit containing ONE seed.
Pome
o “Special” fruit formed mainly from the receptacle of the flower; the free carpels produce only the cartilaginous core that encloses the seeds.
Hesperidium
o Covered with a leathery rind and the partitions separating their carpels are tough and fibrous. E.g. Citrus spp.(orange, lemon and grapefruit, etc.)
Splits along two lines of dehiscence. The legume is derived from a gynoecium with one carpel, G1, with two rows of ovules. The fruit of Fabaceae (Leguminosae).
Legume(Pod)
Resembles legume but splits along one line of dehiscence. The fruit of milkweeds (Asclepias spp.)
Folicle
long fruit that splits in 2 valves along 4 dehiscence lines and originates from a G(2). Very characteristic is the septum that separates the fruit into 2 cavities and on which the seeds are attached. Together with the silicle, they are the fruit of Brassicaceae (cabbage family).
Silique
Is essentially the same type of fruit as the silique only difference is in the ration Lenth: Width.
Silicle
The ______ is maximum 3 times longer than wide.
silicle
The _____is more than 3 times (usually many times) longer than wide.
silique
Originates from 2 or more fused carpels. The valvicide capsules like those of the lily (Lilium spp.) split length-wise into sections (valves) corresponding to the number of carpels.
Valvicide
Open and release their seeds through small pores like those of Papaver spp. (poppy)
Poricide
Impatiens capensis, Touch-me-not
Explosive capsules
Is an achene, but bigger; often not accepted as a distinct type of fruit and referred to as “achene”. E.g. the acorns of Oak (Quercus or the “nuts” of chestnut tree (Castanea spp.)
Nut
