Midterm 1 (Grammer Structures) Flashcards
Describing Experience
た - form of a verb + ことがあります
Describe what you want
Form:
a) X は + Y が + ほしいです
Describe what you want to do
Form:
a) X は + Yが / を + conjunctive form of a verb + たい
Describe what a third person wants
Form:
a) Xは + Y を + ほしがる
Describe what a third person wants to do
Form:
a) Xは + Yを + conjunctive form of a verb + たがる
State your opinion
Plain form of verb, adjective, or copula + と思います
Describe a situation that is too much or excessive
Verbs: conjunctive form + すぎる
I adjectives: root + すぎる
Na adjectives: dictionary form + すぎる
Describe your plans
Dictionary form of verb + つもりです
Describe your intentions
Volitional form of verb + と思います
Volitional form
Class 1: Root + the o- ending + う
Class 2: Root + よう
Class 3: Irregular (しよう）（こよう）
Describe when you don’t intend to do something
a) nai form of a verb + つもりです
b) dictionary form of verb + つもりはない（つもりはありません）
Talk about what I have tried (to see what happens) and what I want to try
te - form + みる
Describe what I have finished doing and express my regrets
1) te - form + しまう
2) Context given for expressing regret
もう
already; yet; anymore
まだ
anymore; still
To do something and then leave that place
te - form + いく
To do something and then come towards the speaker
te - form + くる
Quoting others (Direct)
[ ], と言う（という）
Quoting others (Indirect)
clause ending in a plain form of verb, adjective, or copula + と言う（と言います) (or other verb of communications)
Ask for the name of things that you are not familiar with
- (A は) + Xを + Yと + いう（いいます）
- Y + という + X
Describe simultaneous actions
Clause 1 (particle) conjunctive form of a verb + ながら, clause 2 (verb)
